Understanding Gateway Load Balancer (GWLB):

GWLB is designed to distribute traffic across multiple appliances for both inbound and outbound traffic, providing scalability and high availability.

Traffic Load Balancing:

GWLB can send traffic to multiple FortiGate appliances for load balancing purposes, ensuring efficient use of resources (Option A).

Stateful Processing:

For stateful processing, GWLB ensures that traffic flows (both inbound and outbound) for a given connection are directed to the same FortiGate appliance. This maintains session integrity (Option B).

Preservation and Hashing of Traffic:

Options C and D are incorrect as they suggest incorrect behavior regarding traffic content preservation and hashing for data integrity, which are not primary functions of GWLB.

References:

AWS Gateway Load Balancer Documentation: AWS Gateway Load Balancer

FortiGate Integration with GWLB: Fortinet Documentation

Dynamic Address Object Update:

The debug output shows that the IP address of the AWS Windows Server Lab has been updated automatically, indicating that the dynamic address object feature is working as intended. This allows FortiGate to adapt to changes in the IP addresses of AWS instances dynamically (Option A).

SDN Connector Configuration:

The messages in the debug output confirm that the SDN connector is able to retrieve instance information and update the firewall address objects successfully. This implies that the SDN connector is correctly configured and has the necessary permissions (Option C).

Manual Change and Permissions:

Option B is incorrect because while the address object could theoretically be changed manually, this is not inferred from the debug output.

Option D is incorrect because the debug output does not indicate that the AWS user account must have full administrative rights. The required permissions are typically more scoped to specific actions related to SDN.

References:

FortiGate AWS Integration Guide: FortiGate on AWS

AWS IAM Policies for SDN: AWS IAM Policies

Zero-day Protection:

FortiWeb VM provides robust protection against zero-day vulnerabilities through advanced security mechanisms and frequent updates from FortiGuard. This ensures that web applications are protected from newly discovered threats that have not yet been patched or recognized by other security systems (Option C).

Advanced WAF Functionality:

FortiWeb VM offers a range of advanced WAF features that go beyond what is typically provided by managed rules for AWS WAF. These include more detailed traffic analysis, customizable rules, machine learning-based threat detection, and comprehensive logging and reporting capabilities (Option D).

Other Options Analysis:

Option A is more relevant to a consumption-based pricing model but not a specific benefit unique to FortiWeb VM over AWS WAF.

Option B is incorrect because both FortiWeb VM and Fortinet Managed Rules for AWS WAF are powered by FortiGuard updates.

References:

FortiWeb Overview: FortiWeb VM

AWS WAF and Fortinet Managed Rules: AWS WAF

FortiGate Cloud-Native Firewall (CNF):

FortiGate CNF offers cloud-native firewall capabilities designed to provide network security within AWS. It integrates seamlessly with AWS services and offers advanced threat protection and traffic management (Option C).

Fortinet Managed Rules for AWS WAF:

Fortinet Managed Rules for AWS WAF provide pre-configured, updated security rules that protect web applications from common threats such as SQL injection and cross-site scripting. This offering simplifies the protection of web applications hosted on AWS (Option D).

FortiWeb Cloud:

FortiWeb Cloud is a Web Application Firewall (WAF) as a service that provides comprehensive protection for web applications hosted on AWS. It offers features such as bot mitigation, DDoS protection, and deep inspection of HTTP/HTTPS traffic (Option E).

Comparison with Other Options:

Option A (AWS WAF) is a native AWS service, not a Fortinet offering.

Option B (FortiEDR) is focused on endpoint detection and response, which is not specifically aimed at protecting web applications.

References:

FortiGate CNF Documentation: FortiGate CNF

Fortinet Managed Rules for AWS WAF: Fortinet AWS WAF Rules

FortiWeb Cloud Overview: FortiWeb Cloud

Cluster Elastic IP Address (EIP) Movement:

During a failover in an active-passive (A-P) cluster, the Elastic IP (EIP) associated with the active FortiGate instance (FGT-1) needs to be moved to the passive instance (FGT-2), which becomes the new active instance. This ensures that the traffic directed to the EIP is now handled by FGT-2 (Option A).

Secondary IP Address Movement:

The secondary IP address on Port2 of the current active instance (FGT-1) is moved to the same port on the new active instance (FGT-2). This step is crucial to ensure seamless network traffic redirection and connectivity for the services relying on that IP address (Option B).

Other Options Analysis:

Option C is incorrect because the static route modification mentioned is not directly related to the failover process described.

Option D is incorrect because no additional route needs to be added to the HA Sync AZ2 subnet route table to forward traffic to the Internet Gateway during a failover.

References:

FortiGate HA Configuration Guide: FortiGate HA

AWS Elastic IP Documentation: Elastic IP