Dynamic Forms is a feature that allows users to customize the form fields and sections displayed to users on a page layout. Dynamic Forms can be used to create user-centric, intuitive,and dynamic record creation screens for custom objects, such as Appointment. When creating a record using Dynamic Forms, the UX designer should consider the following two aspects12:

• The use of tabs when creating the record is not allowed. Dynamic Forms does not support the use of tabs within the form, as tabs are not compatible with the record creation process. Tabs are only available for viewing or editing existing records, not for creating new ones. Therefore, the UX designer cannot use tabs to separate the fields for different record types or software options on the record creation screen.
• Fields can be organized into sections. Dynamic Forms allows the UX designer to group fields into sections, and place them anywhere on the page layout. Sections can have labels, collapsible headers, and visibility rules. The UX designer can use sections to create a logical and clear structure for the form, and to show or hide fields based on user input, data, or profile. For example, the UX designer can create a section for each software option, and use visibility rules to display only the relevant section based on the user’s selection.

The following two aspects are not true when creating a record using Dynamic Forms, and should be disregarded:

• The form will not be available on mobile devices. Dynamic Forms is compatible with mobile devices, and the UX designer can preview and test the form on different device sizes and orientations. The form will automatically adjust to the screen size and layout of the mobile device, and provide a responsive and consistent user experience3.
• All software option sections of the form will always be visible. Dynamic Forms allows the UX designer to use visibility rules to control the visibility of fields and sections on the form. Visibility rules can be based on user input, data, or profile. The UX designer can use visibility rules to show or hide software option sections based on the user’s selection of the record type or the software option. This can reduce the clutter and complexity of the form, and provide a personalized and flexible user experience4. References: Get Started with Dynamic Forms Unit | Salesforce Trailhead, Salesforce Dynamic Forms: Overview & Deep DiveTutorial, Dynamic Forms and Actions FAQ | Salesforce Help, Create Dynamic Forms with Visibility Rules | Salesforce Trailhead

 Shadow DOM is a web standard that encapsulates the internal document object model (DOM) structure of a web component. It isolates the component’s markup and styles from the rest of the page, and prevents the component from being affected by or affecting the global DOM. When designing or developing the stylesheets for a parent-child LWC structure, the following impacts of the shadow DOM should be considered:

• The CSS styles defined in the parent list component are not shared with the child items. This is because the shadow DOM creates a boundary between the parent and the child components, and the styles defined in the parent component do not cascade down to the child components. This means that each component needs to define its own styles, or import them from a common source. This also means that the parent component cannot directly style the child components, or vice versa12.
• Any custom styles shared between the list and child items should be imported from a shared CSS file. This is a recommended practice to avoid duplicating the same styles in multiple components, and to maintain consistency and reusability. A shared CSS file can be created as a static resource, and imported into the components using the loadStyle() method from the platformResourceLoader module. Alternatively, a shared CSS file can be created as a LWC component, and imported into the components using the @import directive134.

References:

• : [Shadow DOM | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers]
• : [Light DOM | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers]
• : [Understanding Shadow DOM and Template in LWC – SFDC Lightning]
• : [Shadow DOM, CSS and Styling Hooks in LWC what you need to know]
• : [How to Share CSS Between Lightning Web Components | Salesforce Developers Blog]
• : [How to Use a Shared CSS File in a Lightning Web Component | Salesforce Developers Blog]

To create a custom app for a new team of service agents, a UX Designer could customize the following parts of the user interface:

• Tabs within the app’s navigation bar: This allows the UX Designer to select which tabs are visible and accessible for the app users, such as Accounts, Contacts, Cases, etc. It can help the UX Designer to tailor the app to the specific needs and tasks of the service agents.
• Page layouts of the records: This enables the UX Designer to control how the fields and related lists are arranged and displayed on the record detail pages, such as the Case page layout. It can help the UX Designer to optimize the information architecture and usability of the record pages for the service agents.
• Details to be shown in the records highlights panels: This allows the UX Designer to choose which fields and actions are shown in the highlights panel at the top of the record pages, such as the Case Number, Status, Priority, etc. It can help the UX Designer to emphasize the most important and relevant information and actions for the service agents.

References:

• : Tabs within the app’s navigation bar
• : Page layouts of the records
• : Details to be shown in the records highlights panels

The best ways to analyze and implement feature enhancements as a result of user acceptance testing are:

• A. Determine the change in scope and impact of each enhancement request. This will help to evaluate the feasibility, priority, and effort of each request, and to communicate the expectations and trade-offs to the stakeholders1.
• C. Reduce unexpected results by configuring and testing in a sandbox. A sandbox is a copy of the production environment that allows testing and development without affecting the live data and users2. By using a sandbox, the feature enhancements can be tested and validated before deploying them to the production environment3.
• E. Create a prioritization list and perform a feasibility analysis. This will help to rank the enhancement requests based on their value, urgency, and complexity, and to determine which ones are feasible to implement within the given time and budget constraints4.

References: Salesforce User Experience Designer Exam Guide, What is a Sandbox?, Test New Features Before a Release, Prioritize User Needs

 The Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) is a collection of resources that help you create user interfaces that are consistent with the Salesforce Lightning principles, design language, and best practices. The SLDS resources that could be used to make custom applications look, act, and sound like Salesforce are:

• Blueprints and tokens: Blueprints are ready-to-use HTML and CSS UI elements that provide the foundation for Salesforce experience development. Tokens are visual design values and attributes that ensure branding and UI consistency at scale. By using blueprints and tokens, you can create custom components that follow the SLDS design standards and patterns.
• Guidelines for voice and tone: Voice and tone guidelines help you write clear, concise, and consistent content that reflects the Salesforce brand personality and values. By using voice and tone guidelines, you can create custom applications that communicate effectively and respectfully with your users.

The SLDS resources that are not relevant to make custom applications look, act, and sound like Salesforce are:

• Full functional components: Full functional components are pre-built Lightning components that provide out-of-the-box functionality and interactivity. They are not part of the SLDS, but rather part of the Lightning Component Library. You can use full functional components to speed up your development process, but they are not necessary to make custom applications look, act, and sound like Salesforce.
• In-App Guidance: In-App Guidance is a feature that allows you to create and deliver contextual help and training to your users within your application. It is not part of the SLDS, but rather part of the Salesforce Platform. You can use In-App Guidance to enhance your user experience and adoption, but it is not essential to make custom applications look, act, and sound like Salesforce.

References: Lightning Design System, Explore SLDS Resources, Getting Started

Cloud Kicks (CK) can use the following three solutions to leverage the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) in its custom applications, without migrating to Lightning Experience:

• Lightning Stylesheets for Visualforce: This solution allows CK to apply the SLDS styles to its existing Visualforce pages, without having to rewrite the markup or use a static resource. By adding the attribute lightningStylesheets="true" to the  tag, CK can automatically transform the standard Visualforce components into their SLDS equivalents, and give the pages a consistent Lightning Experience look and feel12.
• Standard Design Tokens: This solution allows CK to use the SLDS design tokens, which are predefined variables that store the visual design attributes of the SLDS, such as colors, fonts, sizes, and spacing. By using the design tokens, CK can ensure that its custom applications follow the SLDS guidelines and remain consistent with the Lightning Experience theme. CK can access the design tokens through the Lightning Design System Scoping tool, or by downloading them as a static resource3 .
• Heroku: This solution allows CK to build and deploy its custom applications on Heroku, a cloud platform that supports various languages and frameworks, such as Node.js, Java, or PHP. By using Heroku, CK can leverage the SLDS resources, such as the base components, the tokens, and the design patterns, to create web applications that have a consistent Lightning Experience look and feel. CK can also use the Lightning Out feature to embed Lightning components into its Heroku applications, and use the Lightning Web Components framework to create reusable UI elements .

References:

• [Lightning Stylesheets for Visualforce | Salesforce Trailhead]1
• [Lightning Stylesheets for Visualforce | Salesforce Developers]2
• [Design Tokens | Lightning Design System]3
• [Using Design Tokens | Lightning Aura Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers]
• [Build Apps with Lightning Design System | Salesforce Trailhead]
• [Lightning Web Components | Salesforce Developers]

A UX Designer should take the following steps to create and deliver responsible and transparent AI technology12:

• C. Document model cards to clarify intended context and use cases. Model cards are standardized documents that provide essential information about a machine learning model, such as its purpose, performance, limitations, and ethical considerations3. Model cards can help UX Designers to communicate the design choices and trade-offs of their AI systems, and to ensure that they are aligned with the user needs and expectations4.
• D. Provide clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations. Explanations are user-facing descriptions of how and why an AI system produces a certain output, such as a prediction, a recommendation, or a decision5. Explanations can help UX Designers to increase the transparency and trustworthiness of their AI systems, and to empower users to understand, control, and evaluate the AI outcomes6.

References: Salesforce Debuts AI Ethics Model: How Ethical Practices Further Responsible Artificial Intelligence, Generative AI: 5 Guidelines for Responsible Development - Salesforce, Model Cards for Model Reporting, Model Cards: A Framework for Increasing Trust in AI Systems, Explainable AI: A Guide for Making Black Box Machine Learning Models Explainable, Salesforce Supports AI Regulation Advancing Digital Trust and Innovation - Salesforce

C. Document model cards to clarify intended context and use cases.

Model cards are documents that describe the intended use, performance, and limitations of AI models. They help ensure that the AI technology is being used responsibly and transparently, as they provide clear information about the model's context, data, and assumptions. This can help reduce the risk of unintended consequences and build trust with users.

D. Provide clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations.

Clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations help build trust with users and increase understanding of how the AI technology works. By providing an understandable explanation of how a prediction or recommendation was made, users can gain a better understanding of the technology and how it is intended to be used. This can also help reduce the risk of unintended consequences and improve accountability.

 The two design considerations that should be made when creating a customer support site in Experience Builder that will be internationalized across 12 different countries are:

• Countries may read text in a different direction (right to left vs. left to right) and layouts will need to be adjusted. This is because some languages, such as Arabic and Hebrew, are written from right to left, while others, such as English and French, are written from left to right. This affects not only the text alignment, but also the placement of UI elements, such as buttons, menus, icons, and images. To accommodate different reading directions, the site should use a flexible layout that can be mirrored or flipped based on the language setting. This also follows the principle of designing for accessibility and inclusion, which is one of the learning objectives for the Salesforce User Experience Designer certification12
• Colors may have different cultural meanings in different countries, changing the intent of UI elements. This is because colors can convey different emotions, associations, and messages depending on the cultural context. For example, red can mean danger, passion, or luck, depending on the country. Therefore, the site should use colors that are appropriate andrespectful for the target audience, and avoid colors that may be offensive or misleading. This also follows the principle of designing for the user’s context and environment, which is another learning objective for the Salesforce User Experience Designer certification34

References: [Design for Accessibility and Inclusion], [Add Languages to Your Aura Sites], [Design for the User’s Context and Environment], [Color Meanings by Culture]

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/ux-designer-certification-prep/design-for-accessibility-and-inclusion :  1 : https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/ux-designer-certification-prep/design-for-the-users-context-and-environment :  2 : https://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-scripts :  3 : https://www.shutterstock.com/blog/color-symbolism-and-meanings-around-the-world :  4

The utility bar is a fixed footer that gives users quick access to productivity tools, such as notes, history, and recent items. It can be customized for each Lightning app to enhance the user experience and efficiency. Some of the standard use cases for using the utility bar are:

• Perform common tasks without navigating away from the page: Users can use the utility bar to perform tasks such as creating notes, logging calls, or sending emails without leaving their current context. This reduces the need for switching tabs or opening new windows, and saves time and clicks.
• Access to view a list of records favorited for quick access: Users can use the utility bar to access their favorites, which are records, lists, groups, or other items that they have marked with a star icon for easy access. This allows users to quickly navigate to the items they use most frequently, and organize them in a personalized way.
• Access at any time to a customized set of items specific to an app: Users can use the utility bar to access items that are relevant and useful for the app they are using. For example, in the Sales app, users can access the Lightning Dialer, the Assistant, or the Today’s Events utility. In the Service app, users can access the Omni-Channel, the Macros, or the Case Timer utility. The utility bar can be configured to show different items for different apps, depending on the user’s needs and preferences.

References:

• : User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 5: Design User Interfaces
• : Lightning App Builder: Utility Bar

Asking the user to think aloud during a user task has the following benefits12:

• A. No special equipment needed. Thinking aloud is a simple and low-cost method that does not require any special equipment or software. The user only needs a microphone or a phone to record their voice, and the tester only needs a way to listen and observe the user’s actions.
• D. Flexibility. Thinking aloud is a flexible method that can be applied to various types of tasks, products, and platforms. It can also be conducted remotely or in-person, synchronously or asynchronously, moderated or unmoderated, depending on the needs and preferences of the tester and the user.
• E. Raw stream of thought. Thinking aloud provides a raw and rich stream of data that reveals the user’s thoughts, feelings, expectations, assumptions, motivations, and frustrations as they interact with the product. It can help the tester to understand the user’s mental model, decision-making process, and satisfaction level.

References: Thinking Aloud: The #1 Usability Tool, Thinking Aloud: What is it and for which digital product is it worthwhile?

Accordion elements are UI components that allow users to expand and collapse sections of content. They are useful for organizing information in a limited space, such as on mobile devices. However, they also have some usability challenges, such as discoverability, accessibility, and navigation. To improve the usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment, two possible ways are:

• Include persistent headings. Persistent headings are the labels that indicate the content of each section and allow users to tap on them to expand or collapse the content. Persistent headings should be visible at all times, even when the content is expanded, so that users can easily see the context and switch between sections. Persistent headings should also be clear, concise, and descriptive, so that users can understand what each section contains and decide whether to explore it or not. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design]
• Only allow users to open one selection at a time. This means that when a user taps on a heading to expand a section, any other previously expanded section should automatically collapse. This prevents the content from becoming too long and overwhelming for the user,and also helps to maintain the focus and hierarchy of the information. It also reduces the need for scrolling and the risk of losing the position of the headings. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design]

Nesting an accordion inside of another is not a good way to improve the usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment, because it creates a complex and confusing structure that is hard to navigate and understand. It also increases the cognitive load and the number of taps required for the user to access the information. Using the ‘back’ browser button to collapse content is also not a good way to improve the usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment, because it breaks the user’s expectation and the consistency of the UI. The ‘back’ browser button should be used to go back to the previous page or screen, not to collapse the content within the same page or screen. It also makes it difficult for the user to return to the expanded content if they want to. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design] References: [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design]

Einstein Bots and Automated Invitations are two Salesforce features that can boost engagement on Cloud Kicks’ website. Einstein Bots are chatbots that can provide automated and personalized responses to customers’ questions and requests on the website. They can also escalate complex cases to human agents, collect feedback, and provide recommendations. Einstein Bots can help Cloud Kicks to improve customer satisfaction, reduce wait times, and increase conversions 1. Automated Invitations are pop-up messages that invite website visitors to start a chat or video call with a service agent. They can be triggered by various criteria, such as time spent on the website, page visited, or customer profile. Automated Invitations can help Cloud Kicks to proactively engage with potential customers, offer assistance, and generate leads 2. References: [Einstein Bots Basics] (https://ascendix.com/blog/salesforce-sales-engagement/), [Set Up Automated Chat Invitations] (https://bing.com/search?q=Salesforce+features+to+boost+engagement)

An interactive prototype is a simulation of the final product that allows users to interact with it and test its functionality and usability. An interactive prototype can be created using tools such as Figma or Invision, and can be shared with stakeholders and users for feedback and validation. An interactive prototype can have several benefits for a UX designer, especially when planning to roll out a refreshed version of a mobile app with some new functionality for customers. Two of these benefits are12:

• To avoid added long-term cost from oversight-driven rework. An interactive prototype can help the UX designer to identify and fix any errors, bugs, or gaps in the design before the development stage. This can save time and money that would otherwise be spent on reworking the product after it is developed. An interactive prototype can also help the UX designer toensure that the new functionality is aligned with the customer needs and expectations, and that it does not compromise the existing functionality or performance of the app.
• To enable iterative feedback from the users. An interactive prototype can provide a realistic and engaging user experience, and allow the users to explore the app and provide their opinions and suggestions. The UX designer can use the user feedback to iterate and improve the design, and to validate the assumptions and hypotheses. An interactive prototype can also help the UX designer to measure the user satisfaction and loyalty, and to test the app’s usability and accessibility.

The following two reasons are not valid for using an interactive prototype in this situation:

• To increase the speed of design compared to paper prototyping. An interactive prototype is not necessarily faster than a paper prototype, as it requires more time and effort to create and refine. A paper prototype is a low-fidelity prototype that uses sketches or drawings to represent the app’s layout and functionality. A paper prototype can be useful for generating and testing ideas quickly and cheaply, and for involving the users in the co-design process3.
• To eliminate the need for journey mapping during discovery. An interactive prototype is not a substitute for journey mapping, but a complement. Journey mapping is a UX research method that visualizes the user’s journey across the app, and identifies the touchpoints, actions, emotions, and pain points. Journey mapping can help the UX designer to understand the user’s context, goals, and needs, and to discover the opportunities for improvement. An interactive prototype can help the UX designer to test and validate the journey map, and to communicate the design vision to the stakeholders and users4. References: Interactive Prototypes Without Coding - Studio by UXPin, What is Interactive Prototypes? — updated 2023 | IxDF, Paper Prototyping as a Usability Testing Technique, Journey Mapping 101 | Nielsen Norman Group

The discovery phase is a crucial stage in any UX design project, as it helps to understand the user needs, business goals, and technical constraints of the problem1. The discovery phase typically involves various research methods, such as interviews, surveys, observations, and analytics, to gather data and insights about the users and the context of use2. The outputs of the discovery phase are artifacts that synthesize and communicate the findings and insights from the research. Some of the practices that should be considered for planning out the strategy for an upcoming discovery phase are:

• Gather insight from end users: One of the main objectives of the discovery phase is to empathize with the end users and understand their goals, motivations, pain points, behaviors, and preferences. This can be done by conducting user research, such as interviews, surveys, focus groups, or usability tests, to collect qualitative and quantitative data from the target audience3. Gathering insight from end users helps to validate the assumptions and hypotheses about the problem and the solution, as well as to identify the user requirements and expectations for the design.
• Establish the research plan and timeline: Before conducting any user research, it is important to establish a clear and realistic research plan and timeline. The research plan should define the research objectives, questions, methods, participants, and deliverables. The research timeline should specify the duration, frequency, and sequence of the research activities, as well as the deadlines and milestones for the deliverables4. Establishing the research plan and timeline helps to ensure that the discovery phase is well-organized, efficient, and effective, as well as to communicate the expectations and responsibilities to the stakeholders and the team members.
• Understand the problem before moving to solutions: Another key practice for the discovery phase is to focus on understanding the problem before jumping to solutions. This means defining the problem statement, the scope, and the constraints of the project, as well as identifying the root causes, the symptoms, and the impacts of the problem. Understanding the problem before moving to solutions helps to avoid wasting time and resources on creating solutions that do not address the real needs and pain points of the users, or that are not feasible or viable for the business or the technology.

The other two options, considering platform-based before custom solutions and determining user acceptance criteria, are not practices that should be considered for planning out the strategy for an upcoming discovery phase. Considering platform-based before custom solutions is a practice that belongs to the design phase, not the discovery phase, as it involves choosing the best solution option based on the user research findings and the design principles5. Determining user acceptance criteria is a practice that belongs to the testing phase, not the discovery phase, as it involves defining the criteria that the solution must meet to be accepted by the users and the stakeholders6.

References: UX Discovery Process: A Complete Guide, UX Research Methods: How to Uncover Valuable Insight about your Users, User Research: What It Is and Why You Should Do It, How to Create a UX Research Plan, Platform-Based vs. Custom Solutions: Which One to Choose?, User Acceptance Testing (UAT): A Complete Guide

For Cloud Kicks' upcoming discovery phase, the three practices that should be considered are:

A. Understand the Problem Before Moving to Solutions: Establishing a clear understanding of theproblem and what the desired outcomes are before beginning the discovery phase is essential for successful project planning. This can be done by gathering data and insights from end users, conducting research, and understanding how the problem is currentlybeing addressed.

B. Gather Insight from End Users: Gathering insights from end users is a crucial step in the discovery phase. End users provide valuable feedback and insights into the problem and how a potential solution may work. This feedback can helpshape the overall project plan and help identify potential solutions.

C. Establish the Research Plan and Timeline: The research plan and timeline should be established before beginning the discovery phase. This should include a list of tasks to be completed, the resources needed, and a timeline for completion. This plan should be communicated to all stakeholders so everyone is aware of the project goals and timeline.

Relationship Design is a creative practice that drives social and business value by building strong relationships. It is based on four mindsets: compassion, intention, courage, and reciprocity. Cloud Kicks can incorporate Relationship Design principles into its business model and customer offerings by adopting these mindsets and applying them to its products, services, and interactions. Some examples of how Cloud Kicks can do this are:

• Prioritizing innovation over copying the competition. This shows that Cloud Kicks is courageous and intentional in creating unique and valuable solutions that meet the needs and expectations of its customers and communities. Cloud Kicks can use design thinking methods, such as empathy mapping, ideation, and prototyping, to generate and test new ideas that solve real problems and create positive impact 1.
• Reframing products in terms of user value over features and functions. This shows that Cloud Kicks is compassionate and reciprocal in understanding and communicating the benefits and outcomes that its products and services can deliver to its customers and stakeholders. Cloud Kicks can use value proposition design tools, such as the value proposition canvas, to identify and articulate the jobs, pains, and gains of its customers, and how its products and services can address them 2.
• Uncovering customer needs over broadcasting product benefits. This shows that Cloud Kicks is intentional and reciprocal in listening and learning from its customers and co-creating solutions with them. Cloud Kicks can use user research methods, such as interviews, surveys, and observations, to discover and validate the needs, preferences, and behaviors of its customers, and to involve them in the design process 3.

References: [Design Thinking] (https://www.salesforce.com/design/relationship-design/), [Value Proposition Design] (https://www.salesforce.com/blog/how-relationship-design-works/), [User Research] (https://trailhead.salesforce.com/content/learn/trails/get-to-know-relationship-design)

The three standard Salesforce objects that should be used in this experience are:

• Lead: A lead is a person who has shown interest in the company’s products or services, but has not yet been qualified as a potential customer. Leads can be captured from various sources, such as web forms, referrals, events, or marketing campaigns. Leads can store information such as name, email, phone, company, and status. Leads can be converted into accounts, contacts, and opportunities when they are ready to buy.
• Contact: A contact is a person who is associated with an account and has a role in a sales process. Contacts can store information such as name, email, phone, title, and address. Contacts can be related to multiple accounts, opportunities, cases, activities, and other objects. Contacts can be used to track the communication and interaction history with the customers.
• Opportunity: An opportunity is a sales deal that is in progress or has been closed. Opportunities can store information such as name, amount, stage, probability, close date, and owner. Opportunities can be linked to accounts, contacts, products, price books, quotes, contracts, and other objects. Opportunities can be used to forecast revenue, manage sales pipeline, and track sales performance.

References:

• Standard Objects
• Leads and Opportunities
• Contacts

The development team missed two features that are causing the problems:

• The With Sharing keyword in Apex classes to enforce sharing rules evaluation. This keyword allows the Apex class to run in the context of the current user and respect the organization’s sharing rules. Without this keyword, the Apex class runs in system mode and ignores the sharing rules, which can result in unauthorized access to records that belong to other users .
• The isAccessible() method in Apex classes to check field accessibility. This method returns true if the current user has read access to the specified field, and false otherwise. Without this method, the Apex class does not check the field-level security settings and can display fields that should be hidden from the user, such as the shipment amount .

References:

• : Using the with sharing or without sharing Keywords
• : Enforcing Sharing Rules in Apex
• : Schema.DescribeFieldResult Class
• : Enforcing CRUD and FLS