Below are descriptions of five companies in the UK. Each company has a unique organisational culture and a key Cultural Web Influence that shapes its structure and operations.

Your task is to match the correct type of organisational culture and cultural web influence to each company.

Company Descriptions

Company 1

Description: Authority is centred around the founder. There are strict financial systems and a reward/bonus scheme for meeting targets.

Company 2

Description: Employees operate independently and often bring in their own clients. There is a strong corporate identity and branding.

Company 3

Description: Strict hierarchy determines salary and job titles. The organisation is described as bureaucratic and follows stringent rules.

Company 4

Description: Employees work in small teams or individually on projects. There is a strong emphasis on weekly team meetings where tasks for the upcoming week are discussed.

Company 5

Description: Authority is held by senior leadership who make all decisions. There are few rules, and culture is reinforced by storytelling about past successes.

Joanne is preparing a contract for the construction of a large shopping center.

The project includes 52 retail units, several restaurants, and a parking facility.

Joanne's company has contracted Construct Ltd under a Turnkey project.

She is using a Gantt chart as a schedule in the contract.

Q: What type of payment mechanism is being used in this contract?

Answer Options:

XYZ is a large construction organization running five different projects. Each project has a specific type of contract and pricing mechanism.

Your task is to match the correct type of contract and pricing mechanism to each project.

Projects and Descriptions

Project 1

Description: Construction of an apartment block, where XYZ is responsible for both design and construction. Upon completion, ownership is transferred to the client.

Pricing Mechanism: Based on past experience of similar projects.

Project 2

Description: Facilities management for a 6-year period after construction. The budget is constantly adjusted due to industry volatility.

Pricing Mechanism: Budget changes continuously over time.

Project 3

Description: XYZ was involved from an early stage, but does not bear the design risk. The budget resets at the start of each new accounting period.

Pricing Mechanism: The budget is refreshed periodically.

Project 4

Description: XYZ is responsible for certain parts of the design and build, while another company handles other aspects. XYZ is paid upon milestone completion.

Pricing Mechanism: Payment is milestone-based.

Project 5

Description: Construction of a new toll bridge which will be operated by XYZ for the first 6 years post-construction. The pricing includes costs of raw materials, labor, and a profit margin.

Pricing Mechanism: Costs plus profit.

Joey is preparing an NEC contract for the construction of a new school.

He includes a lump-sum price of £5 million.

The contractor receives payment upon completion of specific milestones.

Q: In which section of the contract should this be detailed?

Answer Options:

Which elements define an organization's culture? (Select all that apply.)

✔ Beliefs and assumptions

✔ Ways of interacting

✔ The physical environment

✔ Attitudes and customs

The Human-Relations Model describes a type of organization with a set of values. Which TWO of the following apply?

KCJ Ltd is a public sector organisation planning five projects for the next financial year. Each project has a distinct cost estimation method and source of power for the project leader.

Your task is to match the correct cost estimation method and source of power to each project.

Project Descriptions

Project 1

Description: Budget estimation is calculated using an algorithm.

Project Lead’s Power: Founder of the organisation.

Project 2

Description: The Head of R&D (PhD in Data Science) is using costing from similar past projects to determine the budget.

Project Lead’s Power: Expertise in Data Science.

Project 3

Description: The project is led by a key stakeholder and involves creating a Bill of Materials. Costs are worked out item by item.

Project Lead’s Power: Authority due to stakeholder influence.

Project 4

Description: The Project Leader has calculated the base cost, most likely cost, and worst-case scenario.

Project Lead’s Power: Has the authority to cancel the project at any time.

Project 5

Description: The project leader is a well-liked Board Member who has selected a team he is comfortable with. He determined the budget based on his own research.

Project Lead’s Power: Personal relationships with team members.

Giant Construction Company is working on five large-scale projects. Each project has a specific contract type and pricing mechanism.

Your task is to match the correct contract type and pricing mechanism to each project.

Project Descriptions

Project 1

Description: Giant is collaborating closely with the client to construct a hospital. The client has provided a cost estimate, and any savings will be shared between the parties. This contract is popular in the public sector due to its flexibility.

Project 2

Description: This suite of contracts is known as the "rainbow suite". It is rigid, meaning no changes can be made after signing. The price was fixed at the date of signing.

Project 3

Description: This international project involves the construction of wind turbines. The pricing mechanism calculates costs for each individual turbine.

Project 4

Description: The most popular form of contract in construction, utilizing a Contract Administrator to ensure timely information flow. Since the scope was not clearly defined, Giant is working with the client on a cost-sharing basis plus a small profit margin.

Project 5

Description: The project involves ICT services and software provision. Payments are linked to milestone completion during the project implementation phase.

Which of the following aspects of culture make up the 'paradigm of the working environment' according to Gerry Johnson and Kevan Scholes? Select all that apply

Golden Rainbow Ltd has invested £4m in a new research project started three years ago. The CFO calculates that the average rate of return on the project is –6%. Is this possible?

Petra is setting up a contract for a new construction project that must be robust with little flexibility. The contract stipulates that the client will bear the risk of unforeseen negative circumstances. Which type of contract is most suitable?

When should a company use redundancy to implement change?

Answer Options:

Which of the following statements about NEC contracts are true? Select all that apply

Ali is a team manager at his organisation and has been instructed by senior leadership to implement a change that requires his staff to come into the office an hour earlier than usual. Although he knows the change won’t be popular, he plans to tell his team that the change will start next month and insinuate that non-compliance may affect promotion eligibility. What type of influence is Ali exerting?

Mustard Ltd contracted Red Ltd for IT services, requiring 98% internet connectivity.

Red Ltd has only achieved 90% connectivity despite multiple meetings.

Mustard Ltd now seeks to terminate the contract.

Q: Can Mustard Ltd terminate the contract?

Answer Options:

Jake is running a tender exercise to find a new supplier for his manufacturing organisation. He is seeking fixed pricing for goods over the next 2 years. Which of the following are advantages of using fixed pricing? Select all that apply.