A company raised fixed rate bank finance together with an interest rate swap for the same term and same principal value to pay floating receive fixed rate interest on an annual basis.

Which THREE of the following statements are correct?

A publicly funded school is focused on providing Value for Money

It pays its leaching staff less than other schools, because class sizes are generally smaller than elsewhere Despite some staff demotivation from low pay, exam pass rates are high given the close one-to-one attention many pupils receive.

On which aspect of Value for Money is the school underperforming?

A listed company has recently announced a profit warning.

The company's share price fell 20% on the day of the announcement but had been fairly static in the weeks leading up to the announcement.

Which form of efficient market is most likely to be indicated by this share price movement?

A company is considering a divestment via either a management buyout (MBO) or sale to a private equity purchaser. Which of the following is an argument in favour of the MBO from the viewpoint of the original company?

An unlisted company:

Is owned by the original founder and member of their families.

Is growing more rapidly than other companies in the same industry.

Pays a fixed annual divided

Which of the following methods would be the most appropriate to value this company’s equity?

A company wishes to raise new finance using a rights issue. The following data applies:

   • There are 20 million shares in issue with a market value of $6 each

   • The terms of the rights will be 1 new share for 4 existing shares held

   • After the rights issue, the theoretical ex-rights price (TERP) will be $5.75

Assuming all shareholders take up their rights, how much new finance will be raised ?

Give your answer to one decimal place.

$  ?   million

Company A is based in Country A where the functional currency is the A$. Currently all sales are to domestic customers in Country A. However, the company is planning to expand internationally by acquiring Company B, a distribution company in Country B, to enable it to sell goods worldwide The functional currency of Country B is the BS

Company A will invoice its international customers in their local currency.

Wage increases in Country B are forecast to be modest, due to high unemployment levels, but overall inflation in Country B is forecast to be significantly higher than in Country A

Which TWO of the following statements about the economic risk of the acquisition of Company B are true?

An analyst has valued a company using the free cash flow valuation model.

The analyst used the following data in determining the value:

   • Estimated free cashflow in 1 year's time = $100,000

   • Estimated growth in free cashflow after the first year = 5% each year indefinitely

   • Appropriate cost of equity = 10% 

The result produced by the analyst was as follows:

Value of equity = $100,000 (1+0.05)/0.10 = $1,050,000

The analyst made a number of errors in determining the value. 

By how much has the analyst undervalued the company?

Which TWO of the following situations offer arbitrage opportunities?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Which three of the following are most likely be primary objectives for a newly established, unincorporated entity in the service sector?

A company has 8% convertible bonds in issue. The bonds are convertible in 3 years time at a ratio of 20 ordinary shares per $100 nominal value bond.

Each share:

   • has a current market value of $5.60

   • is expected to grow at 5% each year

What is the expected conversion value of each $100 nominal value bond in 3 years' time? 

Company A has made an offer to take over all the shares in Company B on the following terms:

   • For every 20 shares currently held, Company B's shareholders will receive $100 bond with a coupon rate of 3%

   • The bond will be repaid in 10 years' time at its par value of $100.

   • The current yield on 10 year bonds of similar risk is 6%.

What is the effective offer price per share being made to Company B's shareholders?

A venture capitalist is considering investing in a management buy-out that would be financed as follows:

• Equity from managers

• Equity from a venture capitalist

• Mezzanine debt finance from a venture capitalist

• Senior debt from a bank

The venture capitalist is planning to work with the management to grow the business in anticipation of an initial public offering within five years.

However, the cash forecast shows a potential shortage of funds in the first year and the venture capitalist is evaluating the potential impact of cash being generated in the first year being significantly lower than forecast.

The most important risk that a shortage of cash would create for the management buyout is that the new company has insufficient funds to:

D has US$10 million to invest over 12 months in either USS or GBP Its options are to invest in USS at the present USS interest rate of 10 18%. or to convert the USS to GBP at the spot rate GBP1 =US$1 61 and invest in GBP at an interest rate of 6.4%.

According to the interest rate parity theory, what will the one year forward rate be?

Give your answer to three decimal places.

A company's Board of Directors is assessing the likely impact of financing future new projects using either equity or debt.

The directors are uncertain of the effects on key variables.

Which THREE of the following statements are true?

At the last financial year end, 31 December 20X1, a company reported:

The corporate income tax rate is 30% and the bank borrowings are subject to an interest cover covenant of 4 times. 

The results are presently comfortably within the interest cover covenant as they show interest cover of 8.3 times. The company plans to invest in a new product line which is not expected to affect profit in the first year but will require additional borrowings of $20 million at an annual interest rate of 10%.

What is the likely impact on the existing interest cover covenant?

Integrated reporting is designed to make visible the capitals on which the organisation depends, and how the organisation uses those capitals to create value in the short, medium and long term

Which THREE of the following capitals are specifically identified in the Integrated Reporting Framework?

Which THREE of the following statements about stock market listings are correct?

A company is undertaking a lease-or-buy evaluation, using the post-tax cost of bank borrowing as the discount rate.

Details of the two alternatives are as follows:

Buy option:

   • To be financed by a bank loan

   • Tax depreciation allowances are available on a reducing-balance basis

   • Assets depreciated on a straight-line basis

Lease option:

   • Finance lease

   • Maintenance to be paid by the lessee

   • Tax relief available on interest payments and book depreciation

Which THREE of the following are relevant cashflows in the lease-or-buy appraisal?

PYP is a listed courier company. It is looking to raise new finance to fit each of its delivery vans with new equipment to allow improved parcel tracking for customers The senior management team of PYP have decided on a 10-year secured bond to finance this investment-

Which TWO of the following variables are most likely to decrease the yield to maturity of the bond?

Company M is a listed company in a highly technical service industry.

The directors are considering making a cash offer for the shares in Company Q, an unquoted company in the same industry.

Relevant data about Company Q:

   • The company has seen consistent growth in earnings each year since it was founded 10 years ago.

   • It has relatively few non-current assets.

   • Many of the employees are leading experts in their field. A recent exercise suggested that the value of the company's human capital exceeded the value of its tangible assets.

The directors and major shareholders of Company Q have indicated willingness to sell the company.

Before negotiations become too advanced, the directors of Company M are considering the benefits to their company that would follow the acquisition.

Which THREE of the following are the most likely benefits of the acquisition to Company M's shareholders?

The Board of Directors of a listed company wish to estimate a reasonable valuation of the entire share capital of the company in the event of a takeover bid.

The company's current profit before taxation is $4.0 million.

The rate of corporate tax is 25%.

The average P/E multiple of listed companies in the same industry is 8 times current earnings.

The P/E multiple of recent takeovers in the same industry have ranged from 9 times to 10 times current earnings.

The average P/E multiple of the top 100 companies on the stock market is 15 times current earnings. 

Advise the Board of Directors which of the following is a reasonable estimate of a range of values of the entire share capital in the event of a bid being made for the whole company?

A company in country T is considering either exporting its product directly to customers in country P or establishing a manufacturing subsidiary in country P.

The corporate tax rate in country T is 20% and 25% tax depreciation allowances are available

Which TIIRCC of the following would be considered advantages of establishing a subsidiary in country T?

Listed Company A has prepared a valuation of an unlisted company. Company B. to achieve vertical integration Company A is intending to acquire a controlling interest in the equity of Company B and therefore wants to value only the equity of Company B.

The assistant accountant of Company A has prepared the following valuation of Company B's equity using the dividend valuation model (DVM):

Where:

• S2 million is Company B's most recent dividend

• 5% is Company B's average dividend growth rate over the last 5 years

• 10% is a cost of equity calculated using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), based on the industry average beta factor

Which THREE of the following are valid criticisms of the valuation of Company B's equity prepared by the assistant accountant?

DFG is a successful company and its shares are listed on a recognised stock exchange. The company's gearing ratio is currently in line with the industry average and the directors of DFG do not want to increase the company's financial risk. The company does not carry a large cash balance and its shareholders are not expected to be willing to support a rights issue at this time

LMB is a small services company owned and managed by a small board of directors who are going to retire within the next year

DFG wishes to purchase LMB and has approached LMB's owners, who are broadly open to the proposal, to discuss the bid and the consideration to be offered by DFG. LMB's owners explain to DFG that they are also keen to defer any tax liabilities they would be subject to on receipt of the consideration.

Based on the information provided, which of the following types of consideration would be most suitable to finance the acquisition?

Company BBB has prepared a valuation of a competitor company, Company BBD. Company BBB is intending to acquire a controlling interest in the equity of Company BBD and therefore wants to value only the equity of Company BBD.

The directors of Company BBB have prepared the following valuation of Company BBD:

Value of Equity = 4.63 + 5.14 + 5.56 = S15.33 million

Additional information on Company BBD:

Which THREE of the following are weaknesses of the above valuation?

A company wishes to raise new finance using a rights issue to invest in a new project offering an IRR of 10% 

The following data applies:

   • There are currently 1 million shares in issue at a current market value of $4 each.

   • The terms of the rights issue will be $3.50 for 1 new share for 5 existing shares.

   • The company's WACC is currently 8%.

 What is the yield-adjusted theoretical ex-rights price (TERP)?

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

$  ?  

A large multi-divisional company in the food processing and distribution business is conducting a strategic review.  The divisions all compete in the same market.

The sale of one of its underperforming food processing divisions to the divisional management team is currently being considered. The purchase by the divisional management team will require venture capital finance.

Which THREE of the following are likely to influence the multi-divisional company's decision on whether or not to sell the under-performing division to the management team?

Company P is a pharmaceutical company listed on an alternative investment market.  

The company is developing a new drug which it hopes to market in approximately six years' time.

Company P is owned and managed by a group of doctors who wish to retain control of the company.  The company operates from leased laboratories with minimal fixed assets. 

Its value comes from the quality of its research staff and their research.

The company currently has one approved drug which generates sufficient cashflow to cover day to day operations but not sufficient for major new research and development.

Company P wish to raise debt finance to develop the new drug. 

Recommend which of the following types of debt finance would be most appropriate for Company P to help finance the development of this new drug. 

Which of the following best explains why the interest rate parity model is highly effective in practice?

A company's main objective is to achieve an average growth in dividends of 10% a year. 

In the most recent financial year:

Sales are expected to grow at 8% a year over the next 5 years. 

Costs are expected to grow at 5% a year over the next 5 years. 

What is the minimum dividend payout ratio in 5 years' time that would allow the company to achieve its objective?

A company is planning a new share issue.

The funds raised will be used to repay debt on which it is currently paying a high interest rate.

Operating profit and dividends are expected to remain unchanged in the near future.

If the share issue is implemented, which THREE of the following are most likely to increase?

A company is valuing its equity prior to an initial public offering (IPO). 

Relevant data:

   • Earnings per share $1.00

   • WACC is 8% and the cost of equity is 12%

   • Dividend payout ratio 40%

   • Dividend growth rate 2% in perpetuity

The current share price using the Dividend Valuation Model is closest to:

X exports goods to customers in a number of small countries Asia. At present, X invoices customers in X's home currency.

The Sales Director has proposed that X should begin to invoice in the customers currency, and the Treasurers considering the implications of the proposal.

Which TWO of the following statement are correct?

RR has agreed to sell goods to XX for S20.000 XX will pay when the goods are delivered in 6 months time. RR's home currency is the £- The current exchange rate is 4.3 £/S. The projected inflation rate for the S is 2.8%, and for the E 4 6%.

When RR receives payment for its goods, what will the value be to the nearest pound?

A company has two divisions.

A is the manufacturing division and supplies only to B, the retail division.

The Board of Directors has been approached by another company to acquire Division B as part of their retail expansion programme.

Division A will continue to supply to Division B as a retail customer as well as source and supply to other retail customers.

Which is the main risk faced by the company based on the above proposal?

A company is funded by:

   • $40 million of debt (market value)

   • $60 million of equity (market value)

The company plans to:

   • Issue a bond and use the funds raised to buy back shares at their current market value.

   • Structure the deal so that the market value of debt becomes equal to the market value of equity.

According to Modigliani and Miller's theory with tax and assuming a corporate income tax rate of 20%, this plan would: 

A company currently has a 5.25% fixed rate loan but it wishes to change the interest style of the loan to variable by using an interest rate swap directly with the bank.

The bank has quoted the following swap rate:

* 4.50% - 455% in exchange for Libor

Libor is currently 4%.

If the company enters into the swap and Libor remains at 4%. what will the company's interest cost be?

ZZZ wishes to borrow at a floating rate and has been told that it can use swaps to reduce the effective interest rate it pays. ZZZ can borrow floating at the risk-free rate + 1, and fixed at 10%.

Which of the following companies would be the most appropriate for ZZZ to enter into a swap with?

A listed company with a growing share price plans to finance a four-year research project with debt. 

The main criterion for the finance is to minimise the annual cashflow payments on the debt.

The research will be sold at the end of the project.

Which of the following would be the most suitable financing method for the company?

Which THREE of the following statements are true of a money market hedge?

TTT pic is a listed company. The following information is relevant:

TTT pic's board is considering issuing new 6% irredeemable debt to re-purchase equity. This is expected to change TTT pic's debt to equity mix to 40: 60 by market value. The corporate tax rate is 20%.

What will be TTT pic's WACC following this change in capital structure?

Which of the following explains an aim of integrated reporting in accordance with The International Framework as issued by the International Integrated Reporting Council?

Delta and Kappa both wish to borrow $50m.

Delta can borrow at a fixed rate of 12% or at a floating rate of the risk-free rate +3%

Kappa can borrow at 15% fixed or the risk-free rate +4%.

Delta wishes a variable rate loan and Kappa a fixed rate loan The bank for the two companies suggests a swap arrangement The two companies agree to a swap arrangement, sharing savings equally

What is the effective swap rate for each company?

A company wishes to raise additional debt finance and is assessing the impact this will have on key ratios. 

The following data currently applies:

   • Profit before interest and tax for the current year is $500,000

   • Long term debt of $300,000 at a fixed interest rate of 5%

   • 250,000 shares in issue with a share price of $8

The company plans to borrow an additional $200,000 on the first day of the year to invest in new project which will improve annual profit before interest and tax by $24,000.

The additional debt would carry an interest rate of 3%.

Assume the number of shares in issue remain constant but the share price will increase to $8.50 after the investment.

The rate of corporate income tax is 30%.

After the investment, which of the following statements is correct?

Which THREE of the following would be of most interest to lenders deciding whether to provide long-term debt to a company?

A venture capitalist invests in a company by means of buying

* 6 million shares for $3 a share and

• 7% bonds with a nominal value of $2 million, repayable at par in 3 years' time

The venture capitalist expects a return on the equity portion of the investment of at least 20% a year on a compound basis over the first 3 years of the investment

The company has 8 million shares in issue

What is the minimum total equity value for the company in 3 years' time required to satisfy the venture capitalist's expected return?

Give your answer to the nearest $ million

A UK company enters into a 5 year borrowing with bank P at a floating rate of GBP Libor plus 3%

It simultaneously enters into an interest rate swap with bank Q at 4.5% fixed against GBP Libor plus 1.5%

What is the hedged borrowing rate, taking the borrowing and swap into account?

Give your answer to 1 decimal place.

Company X plans to acquire Company Y.

Pre-acquisition information:

Post-acquisition information:

Total combined earnings are expected to increase by 10%

Total combined P/E multiple will remain at 10 times

Which of the following share-for-share exchanges will result in an increase of 10% in Company X's share price post-acquisition?

A company plans a four-year project which will be financed by either an operating lease or a bank loan.

Lease details:

   • Four year lease contract.

   • Annual lease rentals of $45,000, paid in advance on the 1st day of the year.

Other information:

   • The interest rate payable on the bank borrowing is 10%.

   • The capital cost of the project is $200,000 which would have to be paid at the beginning of the first year.

   • A salvage or residual value of $100,000 is estimated at the end of the project's life.

   • Purchased assets attract straight line tax depreciation allowances. 

   • Corporate income tax is 20% and is payable at the end of the year following the year to which it relates.

A lease-or-buy appraisal is shown below:

Which THREE of the following items are errors within the appraisal? 

A company's annual dividend has grown steadily at an annual rate of 3% for many years. It has a cost of equity of 11%. The share price is presently $64.38.

The company is about to announce its latest dividend, which is expected to be $5.00 per share.

The Board of Directors is considering an attractive investment opportunity that would have to be funded by reducing the dividend to $4.50 per share. The board expects the project to enable future dividends to grow by 5% every year and the cost of equity to remain unchanged.

Calculate the change in share price, assuming that the directors announce their intention to proceed with this investment opportunity.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

 $ ?   

A company is concerned that a high proportion of its debt portfolio consists of variable rate finance with an interest rate of LIBOR ' 1 .0%.

It is considering using an interest rate swap to reduce interest rate risk out is concerned about additional finance cost this might create.

A bank has quoted swap rates of 3% 3.5% against LIBOR.

A bank has quoted swap rates of 3% 3.5% against LIBOR.

Is an interest rate swap likely to be beneficial to the company at current LIBOR rates?

Two unlisted companies TTT and YYY are being valued. The companies have similar capital structures and risk profiles and operate in the same industry sector It is easier to value TTT than to value YYY because there have recently been several well-publicised private sales of TTT shares.

Relevant company data:

What is the best estimate of YYY's share price?

Company J plans to acquire Company K, an unlisted company whose equity is to be valued using a P/E ratio approach. 

A listed company has been identified which is very similar to Company K and which can be used as a proxy.

However, the growth prospects of Company K are higher than those of the proxy.

The Directors of Company J are aware that certain adjustments will be necessary to the proxy company's P/E ratio in order to obtain a more reliable valuation.  

The following adjustments have been agreed:

   • 20% due to Company K being unlisted.

   • 15% to allow for the growth rate difference.

The total adjustment to the proxy p/e ratio is:

A company has a financial objective of maintaining a gearing ratio of between 30% and 40%, where gearing is defined as debt/equity at market values. 

The company has been affected by a recent economic downturn leading to a shortage of liquidity and a fall in the share price during 20X1.

On 31 December 20X1 the company was funded by:

•    Share capital of 4 million $1 shares trading at $4.0 per share.

•    Debt of $7 million floating rate borrowings.

The directors plan to raise $2 million additional borrowings in order to improve liquidity.  

They expect this to reassure investors about the company's liquidity position and result in a rise in the share price to $4.2 per share.

Is the planned increase in borrowings expected to help the company meet its gearing objective?

Company A has agreed to buy all the share capital of Company B.

The Board of Directors of Company A believes that the post-acquisition value of the expanded business can be computed using the "boot-strapping" concept.

Which of the following most accurately describes "boot-strapping" in this context?

A company plans to raise finance for a new project.

It is considering either the issue of a redeemable cumulative preference share or a Eurobond. 

Advise the directors which of the following statements would justify the issue of preference shares over a bond?

A company is planning to repurchase some of its shares. Relevant details are as follows:

   • 100 million shares in issue

   • Current share price $5

   • 5 million shares to be repurchased

   • 10% repurchase premium

   • Repurchased shares to be cancelled

What would you expect the share price after the repurchase to be?

Give your answer to two decimal places.

$ ?  

Formed in 2010, the International Integrated Reporting Council

The primary purpose of the IIRC's framework is to help enable an organisation to communicate which of the following'?

Which THREE of the following are likely to be strategic reasons for a horizontal acquisition?

An unlisted company has the following data:

A listed company in the same industry has a P/E of 11.

The value of the unlisted company based on the P/E of this listed company is:

Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

A company generates and distributes electricity and gas to households and businesses.

Forecast results for the next financial year are as follows:

The Industry Regulator has announced a new price cap of $2.00 per Kilowatt.

The company expects this to cause consumption to rise by 15% but costs would remained unaltered.

The price cap is expected to cause the company's net profit to fall to:

It is now 1 January 20X0.

Company V, a private equity company, is considering the acquisition of 40% of the equity of Company A for a total amount of $15 million.

Company A has been established to develop a new type of engine which will be launched at the end of 20X1. Company A is forecasting that the new engine will result in free cash flows to equity of $2m in its first year of operation and that this will rise by 8% per year for the foreseeable future.

The new engine is the only commercial activity that Company A is involved in.

Company V intends to sell its stake in Company A when the new engine is launched.

Company A has a cost of equity of 12%.

Assuming that Company V receives an amount that reflects the present value of their shares in company A. what is the estimated annual rate of return to Company V from this investment? (To the nearest %)

A wholly equity financed company has the following objectives:

1. Increase in profit before interest and tax by at least 10% per year.

2. Maintain a dividend payout ratio of 40% of earnings per year.

Relevant data:

   • There are 2 million shares in issue.

   • Profit before interest and tax in the last financial year was $4 million.

   • The corporate income tax rate is 20%.

At the beginning of the current financial year, the company raised long term debt of $2 million at 5% interest each year. 

Calculate the dividend per share that will be announced this year assuming the company achieves its objective of increasing profit before interest and tax by 10%.

PPP's home currency is the PS. An overseas customer is due to make a payment of A$5,000,000 to PPP in 3 months. The present spot rate is 1PS = 5A$. P can obtain an interest rate of 4% per year on P$ deposits and 6% per year on AS deposits.

Forecast the value of the customer's payment to PPP, in PS, when the payment is made in 3 months' time.

Give your answer to the nearest thousand P$.

Companies L. M N and O:

• are based in a country that uses the RS as its currency

• have an objective to grow operating profit year on year

• have the same total levels of revenue and cost

• trade with companies or individuals in the United States. All import and export trade with companies or individuals in the United States is priced in US$.

Typical import/export trade for each company in a year are as follows:

Which company's growth objective is most sensitive to a movement in the USS / RS exchange rate?

A company has some 7% coupon bonds in issue and wishes to change its interest rate profile.  

It has decided to do this by entering into a plain coupon interest rate swap with it's bank.

The bank has quoted a swap rate of:      6.0% - 6.5% fixed against LIBOR.

What will the company's new interest rate profile be?

H Company has a fixed rate load at 10.0%, but wishes to swap to variable. It can borrow at LIBOR 8%.

The bank is currently quoting swap rates of 3.1% (bid) and 3.5% (ask).

What net rate will HHH Company pay if it enters into the swap?

Company ABC's management has noticed that Company BCD has quickly built up a 20% stake by buying shares in Company ABC and are concerned that this is the start of a hostile bid.

This build-up of shares triggers the poison pill provision which automatically converts the rights to buy future preference shares previously issued to existing shareholders in Company ABC to full ordinary shares

What is the most likely impact of the triggering of a poison pill strategy at this stage in the bidding process?

A company based in the USA has a substantial fixed rate borrowing at an interest rate of 3.5% and wishes to swap a part of this to a floating rate to take advantage of reducing interest rates Its bank has quoted swap rates of 3 4%-3 5% against 12-month USD risk-free rate.

What is the overall interest rate achieved by the company under this borrowing plus swap combination?

PPA owns $500,000 of shares in Company ABB. Company ABB has a daily volatility of 2% of its share price

Calculate the 12-day value at risk that shows the most PPA can expect to lose during a 12-day period (PPA wishes to be 90% certain that the actual loss in any month will be less than your predicted figure)

Give your answer to the nearest thousand dollars.

The Treasurer of Z intends to use interest rate options to set an interest rate cap on Z’s borrowings.

Which of the following statement is correct?

F Co. is a large private company, the founder holds 60% of the company's share capital and her 2 children each hold 20% of the share capital.

The company requires a large amount of long-term finance to pursue expansion opportunities, the finance is required within the next 3 months. The family has agreed that an Initial Public Offering (IPO) should not be pursued at this time, because it would take up to 12 months to arrange.

The existing shareholders are currently considering raising the required finance from an established Venture Capitalist in the form of debt and equity. The Venture Capitalist has agreed to provide the required finance provided it can earn a return on investment of 25% per year. In addition, the Venture Capitalist requires 60% of the equity capital, a directorship in the company and a veto on all expenditure of a capital or revenue nature above a specified limit.

From the perspective of the family, which of the following are advantages of raising the required finance from the Venture Capitalist?

Select all that apply.

A company is considering either exporting its product directly to customers in a foreign country or establishing a manufacturing subsidiary in that country.

The corporate tax rate in the company's own country is 20% and 25% tax depreciation allowances are available.

Which THREE of the following would be considered advantages of establishing the subsidiary in the foreign country?

Company WWW is considering making a takeover bid for Company KKA Company KKA's current share price is $5.00

Company WWW is considering either

" A cash payment of $5.75 for each share in Company KKA

" A 5 year corporate bond with a market value of $90 in exchange for 15 shares in Company KKA

Calculate the highest percentage premium which Company KKA shareholders will receive.

Select whether the following statements are true or false with regard to Modigliani and Miller's dividend policy theory.

A company is planning a share repurchase programme with the following details:

   • Repurchased shares will be immediately cancelled.

   • The shares will be purchased at a premium to the market share price.

The current market share price is greater than the nominal value of the shares.

Which of the following statements about the impact of the share repurchase programme on the company's financial statements is correct? 

Company GDD plans to acquire Company HGG, an unlisted company which has been in business for 3 years.

Company HGG has incurred losses in its first 3 years but is expected to become highly profitable in the near future

There are no listed companies in the country operating in the same business field as Company HGG The future success of Company HGG's business and hence the future growth rate in earnings and dividends is difficult to determine

Company GDD is assessing the validity of using the dividend growth method to value Company HGG

Which THREE of the following are weaknesses of using the dividend growth model to value an unlisted company such as Company HGG?

ADC is planning to acquire DEF in order to benefit from the expertise of DEF's owner ‘managers Both are Listed companies. ADC is trying to decide whether to offer cash or shares in consideration for DEF's shares.

Which THREE of the following are advantages to ABC of offering shares to acquire CEF?

Company T has 1,000 million shares in issue with a current share price of $10 each.

Company V has 300 million shares in issue with a current share price of $5 each.

Company T is considering acquiring Company V.

Total synergy gains of $100 million have been estimated.

The purchase of Company V's shares would be by cash at a 10% premium above the current share price.

In seeking approval for the acquisition, the likely reaction from T's shareholders will be:

On 1 January 20X1, a company had:

• Cost of equity of 10 0%.

• Cost of debt of 5.0%

• Debt of $100Mmilion

• 100 million $1 shares trading at $4.00 each.

On 1 February 20X1:

• The company's share police fell to $3.00.

• Debt and the cost of debt remained unchanged

The company does not pay tax.

Under Modigliani and Miller's theory without lax. what is the best estimate of the movement in the cost of equity as a result of the fall in ne share price?

A company has forecast the following results for the next financial year:

The following is also relevant:

   • Profit after tax for the year can be assumed to be equivalent to free cash flow for the year.

   • Debt finance comprises a $10 million floating rate loan which currently carries an interest rate of 5%.

   • $400,000 investment in non-current assets is required to achieve required growth, all of which is to financed from next year's free cash flow.

   • The company plans to pay a dividend of $150,000 next year, financed from next year's free cash flow.

The company is concerned that interest rates could rise next year to 6% which could then affect their investment plans.

If interest rates were to rise to 6% and the company wishes to maintain its dividend amount, the planned investment expenditure will decrease by:

Company A plans to acquire a minority stake in Company B.

The last available share price for Company B was $0.60.  

Relevant data about Company B is as follows:

   • A dividend per share of $0.08 has just been paid

   • Dividend growth is expected to be 2% 

   • Earnings growth is expected to be 4%

   • The cost of equity is 15%

   • The weighted average cost of capital is 13%

Using the dividend growth model, what would be the expected change in share price?

WW is a quoted manufacturing company. The Finance Director has addressed the shareholders during WW's annual general meeting-She has told the shareholders that WW raised equity during the year and used the funds to repay a large loan that was maturing, thereby reducing WW's gearing ratio

At the conclusion of the Finance Director's speech one of the shareholders complained that it had been foolish for WW to have used equity to repay debt The shareholder argued that the Modigliani and Miller model (with tax) offers proof that debt is cheaper than equity when companies pay tax on their profits.

Which THREE arguments could the Finance Director have used in response to the shareholder?

Company M is a listed company in a highly technical service industry.

The directors are considering making a cash offer for the shares in Company Q, an unquoted company in the same industry.

Relevant data about Company Q:

   • The company has seen consistent growth in earnings each year since it was founded 10 years ago.

   • It has relatively few non-current assets.

   • Many of the employees are leading experts in their field. A recent exercise suggested that the value of the company's human capital exceeded the value of its tangible assets.

The directors and major shareholders of Company Q have indicated willingness to sell the company.

Before negotiations become too advanced, the directors of Company M are considering the benefits to their company that would follow the acquisition.

Which THREE of the following are the most likely benefits of the acquisition to Company M's shareholders?

A geared and profitable company is evaluating the best method of financing the purchase of new machinery. It is considering either buying the machinery outright, financed by a secured bank borrowing and selling the machinery at the end of a fixed period of time or obtain the machinery under a lease for the same period of time.

Which is the correct discount rate to use when discounting the incremental cash flows of the lease against those of the buy and borrow alternative?

Which THREE of the following non-financial objectives would be most appropriate for a listed company in the food retailing industry?

A company needs to raise $20 million to finance a project.

It has decided on a rights issue at a discount of 20% to its current market share price.

There are currently 20 million shares in issue with a nominal value of $1 and a market price of $5 per share.

Calculate the terms of the rights issue.

A venture capitalist invests in a company by means of buying:

   • 9 million shares for $2 a share and

   • 8% bonds with a nominal value of $2 million, repayable at par in 3 years' time. 

The venture capitalist expects a return on the equity portion of the investment of at least 20% a year on a compound basis over the first 3 years of the investment.

The company has 10 million shares in issue.

What is the minimum total equity value for the company in 3 years' time required to satisify the venture capitalist's expected return?

Give your answer to the nearest $ million.

$   million.   

An entity prepares financial statements to 30 June.

During the year ended 30 June 20X2 the following events occurred:

1 July 20X1

   • The entitiy borrowed $100 million at a variable rate of interest.

   • In order to protect itself against the variability of its interest cashflows, the entity entered into a pay-fixed-receive-variable interest swap with annual settlements.  The fair value of the swap on this date was zero.

30 June 20X2

   • The entity received a net settlement of $2 million under the swap. After this net settlement, the fair value of the swap was $5 million - a financial asset.

The entity decides to use hedge accounting for this arrangement and has designated it as a cash flow hedge.  The swap is a perfect hedge of the variability of the cash interest payments.

Which of the following describes the treatment of the settlement and the change in the fair value of the swap in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended 30 June 20X2?

RST wishes to raise at least $40 million of new equity by issuing up to 10 million new equity shares at a minimum price of $3.00 under an offer for sale by tender. It receives the following tender offers:

What is the maximum amount that RST can raise by this share issue?

(Give your answer to the nearest $ million).

Company ADE is an unlisted company; it needs to raise a significant amount of finance to fund future expansion. The directors are considering listing the company on the local stock exchange The following discussions have taken place between some of the directors:

Director A - We consider a public issue of bonds in the capital markets, we don't need to list to issue the bonds which will save time and money.

Director B - We should list on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) and not the main market to avoid any regulatory requirements

Director C - We should remain unlisted; we can access an unlimited amount of equity finance through a rights issue

Director D - Listing will increase Company ADE's ability to raise new equity and debt finance in the future.

Director E - If we list, Company ADE will be a more likely target for a takeover than if we remain unlisted.

Which TWO of the directors' statements are correct?

An entity prepares financial statements to 31 December each year.  The following data applies:

1 December 20X0

   • The entity purchased some inventory for $400,000.

   • In order to protect the inventory against adverse changes in fair value the entity entered into a futures contract to sell the inventory for a fixed price on 31 January 20X1.

   • The entity designated this contract as a fair value hedge of the value of the inventory.

31 December 20X0

   • The inventory had a fair value of $480,000 and the futures contract had a fair value of $75,000 (a financial liability).

What will be the impact on the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 20X0 in respect of the change in the value of the inventory and the futures contract?

NNN is a company financed by both equity and debt. The directors of NNN wish to calculate a valuation of the company's equity and at a recent board meeting discussed various methods of business valuation.

Which THREE of the following are appropriate methods for the directors of NNN to use in this instance?

Company WWW is identical in all operating and risk characteristics to Company ZZZ. but their capital structures differ. Company WWW and Company ZZZ both pay corporate income tax at 20%

Company WWW has a gearing ratio (debt: equity) of 1:3 Its pre-tax cost of debt is 6%.

Company ZZZ Is all-equity financed. Its cost of equity is 15%

What is the cost of equity tor Company WWW?

A company has convertible bonds in issue.

The following debt is apply (31 December 20X0):

• Conversion ratio- 20 shares for each $130 bond.

• Current share price - $4 50

• Expected annual growth in share price - 5%

Advise the bond Holder at which date the convers on would be worthwhile?

A company is considering hedging the interest rate risk on a 3-year floating rate borrowing linked to the 12-month risk-free rate.

If the 12-month risk-free rate for the next three years is 2%, 3% and 4%, which of the following alternatives would result in the lowest average finance cost for the company over the three years?

Extracts from a company's profit forecast for the next financial year as follows:

Since preparing the forecast, the company has decided to return surplus cash to shareholders by a share repurchase arrangement.

The share repurchase would result in the company purchasing 20% of the 1,250 million ordinary shares currently in issue and canceling them.

Assuming the share repurchase went ahead, the impact on the company's forecast earnings per share will be an increase of:

XYZ has a variable rate loan of $200 million on which it is paying interest of Liber ‘3%.

XYZ entered into a swap with AG bank to convert this to a fixed rate 8% loan. AB bank charges an annual commission of 0.4% for making this arrangement

Calculate the net payment from KYZ to AB bank at the end of the first year if Libor was 2% throughout the year.

Give your answer in $ million, to one decimal place.

A company is owned by its five directors who want to sell the business.  

Current profit after tax is $750,000.  

The directors are currently paid minimal salaries, taking most of their incomes as dividends.

After the company is sold, directors' salaries will need to be increased by $50,000 each year in total.

A suitable Price/Earnings (P/E) ratio is 7, and the rate of corporate tax is 20%.

What is the value of the company using a P/E valuation?

M is an accountant who wishes to take out a forward rate agreement as a hedging instrument but the company treasurer has advised that a short-term interest rate future would be a better option.

Which of the following is true of a short-term interest rate future?

Which THREE of the following statements are disadvantages of the net asset basis of valuation?

Company A operates in country A and uses currency AS. It is looking to acquire Company B which operates in country B and uses currency B$. The following information is relevant:

The assistant accountant at Company A has prepared the following valuation of company B's equity, however there are some errors in his calculations.

Value of Company B's equity = 14.16 + 16.03 + 17.67 = AS47.86 million

Company B has BS5 million of debt finance.

Which of the following THREE statements are true?

The ex div share price of a company's shares is $2.20.

An investor in the company currently holds 1,000 shares.

The company plans to issue a scrip dividend of 1 new share for every 10 shares currently held.

After the scrip dividend, what will be the total wealth of the shareholder?

Give your answer to the nearest whole $.

 $ ?  .

A private company manufactures goods for export, the goods are priced in foreign currency B$.  

The company is partly owned by members of the founding family and partly by a venture capitalist who is helping to grow the business rapidly in preparation for a planned listing in three years' time.  

The company therefore has significant long term exposure to the B$. 

This exposure is hedged up to 24 months into the future based on highly probable forecast future revenue streams.  

The company does not apply hedge accounting and this has led to high volatility in reported earnings. 

Which of the following best explains why external consultants have recently advised the company to apply hedge accounting?

Company C invests heavily in Research and Development an need to raise $45 million to finance future projects. It has decided to use equity finance raised by a tender offer, The following tender offers have been received from potential investors:

Company C wishes to select an offer price that will project shareholders from a significant dilution of control but still raise the required amount of finance.

What offer price should Company C’s select?

A company has announced a rights issue of 1 new share for every 4 existing shares. 

Relevant data:

   • The current market price per share is $10.00.

   • Rights are to be issued at a 20% discount to the current price.

   • The rate of return on the new funds raised is expected to be 10%.

   • The rate of return on existing funds is 5%.

What is the yield-adjusted theoretical ex-rights price?

Give your answer to two decimal places.

$ ?  

Which THREE of the following remain unchanged over the life of a 10 year fixed rate bond?

Company HJK is planning to bid for listed company BNM

Financial data for BNM for the financial year ended 31 December 20X1:

HJK is not forecasting any growth in these figures for the foreseeable future

Profit and cost data above should be assumed to be equivalent to cash flow data when answenng this question

Which THREE of the following approaches would be most appropriate for HJK to use to value the equity of BNM?

An unlisted company is attempting to value its equity using the dividend valuation model.

Relevant information is as follows:

   • A dividend of $500,000 has just been paid.

   • Dividend growth of 8% is expected for the foreseeable future.

   • Earnings growth of 6% is expected for the foreseeable future.

   • The cost of equity of a proxy listed company is 15%.

   • The risk premium required due to the company being unlisted is 3%.

The calculation that has been performed is as follows:

Equity value = $540,000 / (0.18 - 0.08) = $5,400,000

What is the fault with the calculation that has been performed?

A listed entertainment and media company produces and distributes films globally. The company invests heavily in intellectual property in order to create the scope for future film projects. The company has five separate distribution companies, each managed as a separate business unit The company is seeking to sell one of its business units in a management buy-out (MBO) to enable it to raise finance for proposed new investments

The business unit managers have been in discussions with a bank and venture capitalists regarding the financing for the MBO The venture capitalists are only prepared to invest a mixture of debt and equity and have suggested the following:

The venture capitalists have stated that they expect a minimum return on their equity investment of 3Q°/o a year on a compound basis over the first 5 years of the MBO No dividends will be paid during this period.

Advise the MBO team of the total amount due to the venture capitalist over the 5-year period to satisfy their total minimum return?

Company YZZ has made a bid for the entire share capital of Company ZYY

Company YZZ is offering the shareholders in Company ZYY the option of either a share exchange or a cash alternative

Which THREE of the following would be considered disadvantages of accepting the cash consideration for the shareholders of Company ZYY?

An unlisted company operates in a niche market, exploring the west coast of Africa for new oiI reservoirs.

The oil exploration program has been successful in recent years and t now has a substantial amount of oil reserves with a high level of certainty of being recoverable Under financial reporting regulations, oil still in the ground is not recognised as an asset unit is extracted.

The expense of the exploration program has used up all the company’s available cash resources.

The company has denied to list or a stock market and raise finds through an initial public offering to finance its drilling program.

Which of the following valuation methods in the appropriate to use in calculating an initial listing price for this company?

A company is considering taking out $10.000,000 of floating rate bank borrowings to finance a new project. The current rate available to the company on floating rate barrowings is 8%. The borrowings contain a covenant based on an interested cover of 5 times.

The project is expected to generate the following results:

At what interest rate on the floating rate borrowings is the bank covenant first breached?

PTT has a number of subsidiary companies around the world, including FTT based in Europe and CTT based in Indonesia

CTT purchases all of us raw materials from FTT CTT processes these materials and the resulting products are exported to several different countries CTT pays FTT in the Indonesian currency.

Indonesia's inflation is higher than that of FTTs home country

Which of the following statements are correct?

Select ALL that apply

An all equity financed company reported earnings for the year ending 31 December 20X1 of $5 million.

One of its financial objectives is to increase earnings by 5% each year.

In the year ending 31 December 20X2 it financed a project by issuing a bond with a $1 million nominal value and a coupon rate of 7%.

The company pays corporate income tax at 30%.

If the company is to achieve its earnings target for the year ending 31 December 20X2, what is the minimum operating profit (profit before interest and tax) that it must achieve?