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AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Question and Answers

AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional

Last Update May 30, 2026
Total Questions : 435

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Questions 1

An ecommerce company hosts a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The company deploys the application across multiple Availability Zones.

Application users are reporting intermittent performance issues with the application.

The company enables basic Amazon CloudWatch monitoring for the EC2 instances. The company identifies and implements a fix for the performance issues. After resolving the issues, the company wants to implement a monitoring solution that will quickly alert the company about future performance issues.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Enable detailed monitoring for the EC2 instances. Create custom CloudWatch metrics for application-specific performance indicators. Set up CloudWatch alarms based on the custom metrics. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to analyze application logs for error patterns.

B.  

Use AWS X-Ray to implement distributed tracing. Integrate X-Ray with Amazon CloudWatch RUM. Use Amazon EventBridge to trigger automatic scaling actions based on custom events.

C.  

Use Amazon CloudFront to deliver the application. Use AWS CloudTrail to monitor API calls. Use AWS Trusted Advisor to generate recommendations to optimize performance. Use Amazon GuardDuty to detect potential performance issues.

D.  

Enable VPC Flow Logs. Use Amazon Data Firehose to stream flow logs to Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena to analyze the logs and to send alerts to the company.

Discussion 0
Questions 2

A DevOps engineer has automated a web service deployment by using AWS CodePipeline with the following steps:

1) An AWS CodeBuild project compiles the deployment artifact and runs unit tests.

2) An AWS CodeDeploy deployment group deploys the web service to Amazon EC2 instances in the staging environment.

3) A CodeDeploy deployment group deploys the web service to EC2 instances in the production environment.

The quality assurance (QA) team requests permission to inspect the build artifact before the deployment to the production environment occurs. The QA team wants to run an internal penetration testing tool to conduct manual tests. The tool will be invoked by a REST API call.

Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer take to fulfill this request? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Insert a manual approval action between the test actions and deployment actions of the pipeline.

B.  

Modify the buildspec.yml file for the compilation stage to require manual approval before completion.

C.  

Update the CodeDeploy deployment groups so that they require manual approval to proceed.

D.  

Update the pipeline to directly call the REST API for the penetration testing tool.

E.  

Update the pipeline to invoke an AWS Lambda function that calls the REST API for the penetration testing tool.

Discussion 0
Questions 3

A DevOps engineer is creating an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy a web service. The web service will run on Amazon EC2 instances in a private subnet behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The DevOps engineer must ensure that the service can accept requests from clients that have IPv6 addresses.

What should the DevOps engineer do with the CloudFormation template so that IPv6 clients can access the web service?

Options:

A.  

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and the private subnet for the EC2 instances. Create route table entries for the IPv6 network, use EC2 instance types that support IPv6, and assign IPv6 addresses to each EC2 instance.

B.  

Assign each EC2 instance an IPv6 Elastic IP address. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener on port 443 of the ALB, and associate the target group with the AL

B.  

C.  

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the NLB, and assign the NLB an IPv6 Elastic IP address.

D.  

Add an IPv6 CIDR block to the VPC and subnets for the ALB. Create a listener on port 443. and specify the dualstack IP address type on the ALB. Create a target group, and add the EC2 instances as targets. Associate the target group with the ALB.

Discussion 0
Questions 4

A company ' s DevOps engineer is creating an AWS Lambda function to process notifications from an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. The Lambda function will process the notification messages and will write the contents of the notification messages to an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance.

During testing a database administrator accidentally shut down the DB instance. While the database was down the company lost several of the SNS notification messages that were delivered during that time.

The DevOps engineer needs to prevent the loss of notification messages in the future

Which solutions will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Replace the RDS Multi-AZ DB instance with an Amazon DynamoDB table.

B.  

Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination of the Lambda function.

C.  

Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS > dead-letter queue for the SNS topic.

D.  

Subscribe an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to the SNS topic Configure the Lambda function to process messages from the SQS queue.

E.  

Replace the SNS topic with an Amazon EventBridge event bus Configure an EventBridge rule on the new event bus to invoke the Lambda function for each event.

Discussion 0
Questions 5

A company has a web application that is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances. The company is deploying the application into multiple AWS Regions. The application consists of dynamic content such as WebSocket-based real-time product updates. The company uses Amazon Route 53 to manage all DNS records. Which solution will provide multi-Region access to the application with the LEAST latency?

Options:

A.  

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Create a Route 53 A record with a latency-based routing policy. Add IP addresses of the ALBs as the value of the record.

B.  

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the ALBs as origins. Create a Route 53 alias record that points to the CloudFront distribution ' s DNS address.

C.  

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Create a Route 53 A record with a multivalue answer routing policy. Add IP addresses of the NLBs as the value of the record.

D.  

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the EC2 instances in each Region. Deploy an AWS Global Accelerator standard accelerator with an endpoint group for each NLB. Create a Route 53 alias record that points to the accelerator ' s DNS address.

Discussion 0
Questions 6

A company uses AWS Control Tower to deploy multiple AWS accounts. A security team must automate Control Tower guardrails applied to all accounts in an OU, with version control and rollback capabilities.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create CloudFormation templates per guardrail stored in CodeCommit. Use AWS::ControlTower::EnableControl resources. Automate via CodeBuild.

B.  

Same as A but for each account.

C.  

Store CloudFormation templates per guardrail in a Git repo. Use CodePipeline in the security account with EventBridge triggering deployments.

D.  

Store templates in S3 and trigger deployment with EventBridge PutObject.

Discussion 0
Questions 7

A company uses Amazon ECS with the Amazon EC2 launch type. The company requires all log data to be centralized on Amazon CloudWatch. The company’s ECS tasks failed to deploy. An error message indicates that a missing permission causes the failure. The IAM role used includes logs:CreateLogGroup, logs:CreateLogStream, and logs:PutLogEvents.

Which solution will fix the problem?

Options:

A.  

Add an IAM trust policy to the IAM role that establishes Amazon ECS as a trusted service.

B.  

Add the logs:PutDestination permission.

C.  

Remove the logs:CreateLogStream permission.

D.  

Add an IAM trust policy that establishes CloudWatch as a trusted service.

Discussion 0
Questions 8

A company ' s developers use Amazon EC2 instances as remote workstations. The company is concerned that users can create or modify EC2 security groups to allow unrestricted inbound access.

A DevOps engineer needs to develop a solution to detect when users create unrestricted security group rules. The solution must detect changes to security group rules in near real time, remove unrestricted rules, and send email notifications to the security team. The DevOps engineer has created an AWS Lambda function that checks for security group ID from input, removes rules that grant unrestricted access, and sends notifications through Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS).

What should the DevOps engineer do next to meet the requirements?

Options:

A.  

Configure the Lambda function to be invoked by the SNS topic. Create an AWS CloudTrail subscription for the SNS topic. Configure a subscription filter for security group modification events.

B.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule to invoke the Lambda function. Define a schedule pattern that runs the Lambda function every hour.

C.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge event rule that has the default event bus as the source. Define the rule’s event pattern to match EC2 security group creation and modification events. Configure the rule to invoke the Lambda function.

D.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge custom event bus that subscribes to events from all AWS services. Configure the Lambda function to be invoked by the custom event bus.

Discussion 0
Questions 9

A company uses Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda functions to implement an API. The company uses a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline to build and deploy the API. The pipeline contains a source stage, build stage, and deployment stage.

The company deploys the API without performing smoke tests. Soon after the deployment, the company observes multiple issues with the API. A security audit finds security vulnerabilities in the production code.

The company wants to prevent these issues from happening in the future.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create a smoke test script that returns an error code if the API code fails the test. Add an action in the deployment stage to run the smoke test script after deployment. Configure the deployment stage for automatic rollback.

B.  

Create a smoke test script that returns an error code if the API code fails the test. Add an action in the deployment stage to run the smoke test script after deployment. Configure the deployment stage to fail if the smoke test script returns an error code.

C.  

Add an action in the build stage that uses Amazon Inspector to scan the Lambda function code after the code is built. Configure the build stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings. D. Add an action in the build stage to run an Amazon CodeGuru code scan after the code is built. Configure the build stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings.

D.  

Add an action in the deployment stage to run an Amazon CodeGuru code scan after deployment. Configure the deployment stage to fail if the scan returns any security findings.

Discussion 0
Questions 10

A company runs an Amazon EKS cluster and must implement comprehensive logging for the control plane and nodes. The company must analyze API requests and monitor container performance.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Enable AWS CloudTrail for control plane logging and deploy Logstash on nodes.

B.  

Enable control plane logging to CloudWatch and use CloudWatch Container Insights for node and pod metrics.

C.  

Enable API server logging to S3 and deploy Kubernetes Event Exporter to nodes.

D.  

Use AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry and stream logs to Amazon Redshift.

Discussion 0
Questions 11

A DevOps engineer is working on a project that is hosted on Amazon Linux and has failed a security review. The DevOps manager has been asked to review the company buildspec. yaml die for an AWS CodeBuild project and provide recommendations. The buildspec. yaml file is configured as follows:

What changes should be recommended to comply with AWS security best practices? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Add a post-build command to remove the temporary files from the container before termination to ensure they cannot be seen by other CodeBuild users.

B.  

Update the CodeBuild project role with the necessary permissions and then remove the AWS credentials from the environment variable.

C.  

Store the db_password as a SecureString value in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store and then remove the db_password from the environment variables.

D.  

Move the environment variables to the ' db.-deploy-bucket ‘Amazon S3 bucket, add a prebuild stage to download then export the variables.

E.  

Use AWS Systems Manager run command versus sec and ssh commands directly to the instance.

Discussion 0
Questions 12

A company ' s development team uses AVMS Cloud Formation to deploy its application resources The team must use for an changes to the environment The team cannot use AWS Management Console or the AWS CLI to make manual changes directly.

The team uses a developer IAM role to access the environment The role is configured with the Admnistratoraccess managed policy. The company has created a new Cloudformationdeployment IAM role that has the following policy.

The company wants ensure that only CloudFormation can use the new role. The development team cannot make any manual changes to the deployed resources.

Which combination of steps meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Remove the AdministratorAccess policy. Assign the ReadOnIyAccess managed IAM policy to the developer role. Instruct the developers to use the CloudFormationDeployment role as a CloudFormation service role when the developers deploy new stacks.

B.  

Update the trust of CloudFormationDeployment role to allow the developer IAM role to assume the CloudFormationDepoyment role.

C.  

Configure the IAM to be to get and pass the CloudFormationDeployment role ifcloudformation actions for resources,

D.  

Update the trust Of the CloudFormationDepoyment role to anow the cloudformation.amazonaws.com AWS principal to perform the iam:AssumeR01e action

E.  

Remove me Administratoraccess policy. Assign the ReadOnly/Access managed IAM policy to the developer role Instruct the developers to assume the CloudFormatondeployment role when the developers new stacks

F.  

Add an IAM policy to CloudFormationDeplyment to allow cloudformation * on an Add a policy that allows the iam.PassR01e action for ARN of if iam PassedT0Service equal cloudformation.amazonaws.com

Discussion 0
Questions 13

A company’s EC2 fleet must maintain up-to-date security patches and compliance reporting.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use Systems Manager Patch Manager with AWS Config compliance rules and automation documents.

B.  

SSH into each instance manually.

C.  

Rebuild instances in Auto Scaling groups with latest AMIs.

D.  

Use CloudFormation redeployment for every patch.

Discussion 0
Questions 14

A company uses containers for its applications The company learns that some container Images are missing required security configurations

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to create a standard base image The solution must publish the base image weekly to the us-west-2 Region, us-east-2 Region, and eu-central-1 Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an EC2 Image Builder pipeline that uses a container recipe to build the image. Configure the pipeline to distribute the image to an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository in us-west-2. Configure ECR replication from us-west-2 to us-east-2 and from us-east-2 to eu-central-1 Configure the pipeline to run weekly

B.  

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses an AWS CodeBuild project to build the image Use AWS CodeOeploy to publish the image to an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository in us-west-2 Configure ECR replication from us-west-2 to us-east-2 and from us-east-2 to eu-central-1 Configure the pipeline to run weekly

C.  

Create an EC2 Image Builder pipeline that uses a container recipe to build the Image Configure the pipeline to distribute the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repositories in all three Regions. Configure the pipeline to run weekly.

D.  

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses an AWS CodeBuild project to build the image Use AWS CodeDeploy to publish the image to Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repositories in all three Regions. Configure the pipeline to run weekly.

Discussion 0
Questions 15

A Company uses AWS CodeCommit for source code control. Developers apply their changes to various feature branches and create pull requests to move those changes to the main branch when the changes are ready for production.

The developers should not be able to push changes directly to the main branch. The company applied the AWSCodeCommitPowerUser managed policy to the developers’ IAM role, and now these developers can push changes to the main branch directly on every repository in the AWS account.

What should the company do to restrict the developers’ ability to push changes to the main branch directly?

Options:

A.  

Create an additional policy to include a Deny rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions. Include a restriction for the specific restriction for the specific repositories in the policy repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the main branch.A Create an additional policy to include a Deny rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions Include a restriction for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a con

B.  

Remove the IAM policy, and add an AWSCodeCommitReadOnly managed policy. Add an Allow rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the mam branch.

C.  

Modify the IAM policy Include a Deny rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the main branch.

D.  

Create an additional policy to include an Allow rule for the GitPush and PutFile actions. Include a restriction for the specific repositories in the policy statement with a condition that references the feature branches.

Discussion 0
Questions 16

A DevOps engineer is using AWS CodeDeploy across a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in an EC2 Auto Scaling group. The associated CodeDeploy deployment group, which is integrated with EC2 Auto Scaling, is configured to perform in-place deployments with codeDeployDefault.oneAtATime During an ongoing new deployment, the engineer discovers that, although the overall deployment finished successfully, two out of five instances have the previous application revision deployed. The other three instances have the newest application revision

What is likely causing this issue?

Options:

A.  

The two affected instances failed to fetch the new deployment.

B.  

A failed Afterinstall lifecycle event hook caused the CodeDeploy agent to roll back to the previous version on the affected instances

C.  

The CodeDeploy agent was not installed in two affected instances.

D.  

EC2 Auto Scaling launched two new instances while the new deployment had not yet finished, causing the previous version to be deployed on the affected instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 17

A company ' s application runs on Amazon EC2 instances. The application writes to a log file that records the username, date, time: and source IP address of the login. The log is published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs

The company is performing a root cause analysis for an event that occurred on the previous day The company needs to know the number of logins for a specific user from the past 7 days

Which solution will provide this information ' ?

Options:

A.  

Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter on the log group Use a filter pattern that matches the username. Publish a CloudWatch metric that sums the number of logins over the past 7 days.

B.  

Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription on the log group Use a filter pattern that matches the username Publish a CloudWatch metric that sums the number of logins over the past 7 days

C.  

Create a CloudWatch Logs Insights query that uses an aggregation function to count the number of logins for the username over the past 7 days. Run the query against the log group

D.  

Create a CloudWatch dashboard. Add a number widget that has a filter pattern that counts the number of logins for the username over the past 7 days directly from the log group

Discussion 0
Questions 18

A company sends its AWS Network Firewall flow logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company then analyzes the flow logs by using Amazon Athena. The company needs to transform the flow logs and add additional data before the flow logs are delivered to the existing S3 bucket. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to transform the data and to write a new object to the existing S3 bucket. Configure the Lambda function with an S3 trigger for the existing S3 bucket. Specify all object create events for the event type. Acknowledge the recursive invocation.

B.  

Enable Amazon EventBridge notifications on the existing S3 bucket. Create a custom EventBridge event bus. Create an EventBridge rule that is associated with the custom event bus. Configure the rule to react to all object create events for the existing S3 bucket and to invoke an AWS Step Functions workflow. Configure a Step Functions task to transform the data and to write the data into a new S3 bucket.

C.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that is associated with the default EventBridge event bus. Configure the rule to react to all object create events for the existing S3 bucket. Define a new S3 bucket as the target for the rule. Create an EventBridge input transformation to customize the event before passing the event to the rule target.

D.  

Create an Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream that is configured with an AWS Lambda transformer. Specify the existing S3 bucket as the destination. Change the Network Firewall logging destination from Amazon S3 to Firehose.

Discussion 0
Questions 19

A DevOps engineer needs to configure a blue green deployment for an existing three-tier application. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon RDS database The EC2 instances run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and are in an Auto Scaling group.

The DevOps engineer has created a launch template and an Auto Scaling group for the blue environment. The DevOps engineer also has created a launch template and an Auto Scaling group for the green environment. Each Auto Scaling group deploys to a matching blue or green target group. The target group also specifies which software blue or green gets loaded on the EC2 instances. The ALB can be configured to send traffic to the blue environments target group or the green environments target group. An Amazon Route 53 record for www example com points to the ALB.

The deployment must move traffic all at once between the software on the blue environment ' s EC2 instances to the newly deployed software on the green environments EC2 instances

What should the DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Start a rolling restart to the Auto Scaling group tor the green environment to deploy the new software on the green environment ' s EC2 instances When the rolling restart is complete, use an AWS CLI command to update the ALB to send traffic to the green environment ' s target group.

B.  

Use an AWS CLI command to update the ALB to send traffic to the green environment ' s target group. Then start a rolling restart of the Auto Scaling group for the green environment to deploy the new software on the green environment ' s EC2 instances.

C.  

Update the launch template to deploy the green environment ' s software on the blue environment ' s EC2 instances Keep the target groups and Auto Scaling groups unchanged in both environments Perform a rolling restart of the blue environment ' s EC2 instances.

D.  

Start a rolling restart of the Auto Scaling group for the green environment to deploy the new software on the green environment ' s EC2 instances When the rolling restart is complete, update the Route 53 DNS to point to the green environments endpoint on the ALB.

Discussion 0
Questions 20

A company has implemented a new microservices-based application on an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. After each deployment, the company wants to validate the critical user journeys and API endpoints before routing traffic to the new application version.

The company must implement an automated solution to detect issues in the new deployment and to initiate a rollback if necessary.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead ?

Options:

A.  

Set up Amazon CloudWatch Application Insights for the ECS cluster. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to analyze the task states. Program the Lambda function to use the ECS UpdateService API call to initiate a rollback if a specific percentage of tasks fail.

B.  

Set up Amazon CloudWatch Application Insights for the ECS cluster. Configure Application Insights to monitor key performance indicators of the microservices in the critical user journeys and API calls. Create CloudWatch alarms based on the insights. Use EventBridge to invoke an AWS Step Functions workflow to evaluate the alarms. Configure the workflow to initiate a rollback if necessary by using the alarms ' built-in integration w

C.  

Create CloudWatch Synthetics canaries that simulate critical user journeys and API calls. Implement AWS X-Ray tracing for all the microservices. Configure X-Ray to send traces to CloudWatch. Create CloudWatch alarms based on error rates and latency metrics. Create a Lambda function to analyze the traces and to initiate a rollback if necessary by using the alarms ' built-in integration with Amazon ECS.

D.  

Create CloudWatch Synthetics canaries that simulate critical user journeys and API calls. Configure the canaries to run against the new deployment. Create CloudWatch alarms that are invoked when canaries fail. Use the alarms ' built-in integration with Amazon ECS to initiate a rollback if the alarms are invoked before traffic is routed to the new deployment.

Discussion 0
Questions 21

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. Information security policies require that all unencrypted Amazon EBS volumes be marked as non-compliant. A DevOps engineer needs to automatically deploy the solution and ensure that this compliance check is always present.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines an AWS Inspector rule to check whether EBS encryption is enabled. Save the template to an Amazon S3 bucket that has been shared with all accounts within the company. Update the account creation script pointing to the CloudFormation template in Amazon S3.

B.  

Create an AWS Config organizational rule to check whether EBS encryption is enabled and deploy the rule using the AWS CLI. Create and apply an SCP to prohibit stopping and deleting AWS Config across the organization.

C.  

Create an SCP in Organizations. Set the policy to prevent the launch of Amazon EC2 instances without encryption on the EBS volumes using a conditional expression. Apply the SCP to all AWS accounts. Use Amazon Athena to analyze the AWS CloudTrail output, looking for events that deny an ec2: RunInstances action.

D.  

Deploy an IAM role to all accounts from a single trusted account. Build a pipeline with AWS CodePipeline with a stage in AWS Lambda to assume the IAM role, and list all EBS volumes in the account. Publish a report to Amazon S3.

Discussion 0
Questions 22

A development team uses AWS CodeCommit for version control for applications. The development team uses AWS CodePipeline, AWS CodeBuild. and AWS CodeDeploy for CI/CD infrastructure. In CodeCommit, the development team recently merged pull requests that did not pass long-running tests in the code base. The development team needed to perform rollbacks to branches in the codebase, resulting in lost time and wasted effort.

A DevOps engineer must automate testing of pull requests in CodeCommit to ensure that reviewers more easily see the results of automated tests as part of the pull request review.

What should the DevOps engineer do to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the pullRequestStatusChanged event. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild badge as a comment on the pull request so that developers will see the badge in their code review.

B.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the pullRequestCreated event. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild test results as a comment on the pull request when the test results are complete.

C.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to pullRequestCreated and pullRequestSourceBranchUpdated events. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild badge as a comment on the pull request so that developers will see the badge in their code review.

D.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the pullRequestStatusChanged event. Create an AWS Lambda function that invokes a CodePipeline pipeline with a CodeBuild action that runs the tests for the application. Program the Lambda function to post the CodeBuild test results as a comment on the pull request when the test results are complete.

Discussion 0
Questions 23

A company uses Amazon S3 to store proprietary information. The development team creates buckets for new projects on a daily basis. The security team wants to ensure that all existing and future buckets have encryption logging and versioning enabled. Additionally, no buckets should ever be publicly read or write accessible.

What should a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Enable AWS CloudTrail and configure automatic remediation using AWS Lambda.

B.  

Enable AWS Conflg rules and configure automatic remediation using AWS Systems Manager documents.

C.  

Enable AWS Trusted Advisor and configure automatic remediation using Amazon EventBridge.

D.  

Enable AWS Systems Manager and configure automatic remediation using Systems Manager documents.

Discussion 0
Questions 24

A company is hosting a static website from an Amazon S3 bucket. The website is available to customers at example.com. The company uses an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy with a TTL of 1 day. The company has decided to replace the existing static website with a dynamic web application. The dynamic web application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances.

On the day of production launch to customers, the company creates an additional Route 53 weighted DNS record entry that points to the ALB with a weight of 255 and a TTL of 1 hour. Two days later, a DevOps engineer notices that the previous static website is displayed sometimes when customers navigate to example.com.

How can the DevOps engineer ensure that the company serves only dynamic content for example.com?

Options:

A.  

Delete all objects, including previous versions, from the S3 bucket that contains the static website content.

B.  

Update the weighted DNS record entry that points to the S3 bucket. Apply a weight of 0. Specify the domain reset option to propagate changes immediately.

C.  

Configure webpage redirect requests on the S3 bucket with a hostname that redirects to the ALB.

D.  

Remove the weighted DNS record entry that points to the S3 bucket from the example.com hosted zone. Wait for DNS propagation to become complete.

Discussion 0
Questions 25

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The accounts are in an OU that has a policy attached to allow all actions. The company is migrating several Git repositories to a specified AWS CodeConnections supported Git provider. The Git repositories manage AWS CloudFormation stacks for application infrastructure that the company deploys across multiple AWS Regions. The company wants a DevOps team to integrate CodeConnections into the CloudFormation stacks. The DevOps team must ensure that company staff members can integrate only with the specified Git provider. The deployment process must be highly available across Regions. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Add a new SCP statement to the OU that denies the CodeConnections CreatingConnections action where the provider type is not the specified Git provider.

B.  

Add a new SCP statement to the OU that allows the CodeConnections CreatingConnections action where the provider type is the specified Git provider.

C.  

Use CodeConnections to configure a single CodeConnections connection to each Git repository.

D.  

Use CodeConnections to create a CodeConnections connection from each Region where the company operates to each Git repository.

E.  

Use CodeConnections to create a CodeConnections repository link. Update each CloudFormation stack to sync from the Git repository.

F.  

For each Git repository, create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that has the Git repository set as the source and a CloudFormation deployment stage.

Discussion 0
Questions 26

A company has a public application that uses an Amazon API Gateway REST API, an AWS Lambda function, and an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB cluster. Users have recently received error messages as application demand increased.

The company ' s DevOps engineer discovered that the errors were caused by RDS connection limits being reached. The DevOps engineer also discovered that more than 90% of the API requests are GET requests that read from the DB cluster.

How should the DevOps engineer solve this problem with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.  

Migrate from Amazon RDS to Amazon DynamoDB. Add an Amazon CloudFront distribution in front of the API Gateway REST API.

B.  

Add a proxy from Amazon RDS Proxy in front of the RDS DB cluster. Enable API caching in API Gateway.

C.  

Add an Amazon RDS Proxy in front of the RDS database cluster. Provision an Amazon ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster.

D.  

Migrate from Amazon RDS to Amazon DynamoDB. Enable API caching in API Gateway.

Discussion 0
Questions 27

A company uses an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster to host its machine learning (ML) application. As the ML model and the container image grow, pod startup time has increased to several minutes. The DevOps engineer created an EventBridge rule that triggers Systems Manager automation to prefetch container images from ECR. Node groups and the cluster have tags configured.

What should the DevOps engineer do next to meet the requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an IAM role allowing EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the control plane nodes. Create a State Manager association using control plane node tags.

B.  

Create an IAM role allowing EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the worker nodes. Create a State Manager association using the nodes’ machine size.

C.  

Create an IAM role allowing EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the worker nodes. Create a State Manager association using the nodes’ tags to prefetch container images.

D.  

Create an IAM role allowing EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the control plane nodes. Create a State Manager association using the nodes’ tags.

Discussion 0
Questions 28

A company uses Amazon Redshift as its data warehouse solution. The company wants to create a dashboard to view changes to the Redshift users and the queries the users perform.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch log group. Create an AWS CloudTrail trail that writes to the CloudWatch log group.

B.  

Create a new Amazon S3 bucket. Configure default audit logging on the Redshift cluster. Configure the S3 bucket as the target.

C.  

Configure the Redshift cluster database audit logging to include user activity logs. Configure Amazon CloudWatch as the target.

D.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that has a log widget. Configure the widget to display user details from the Redshift logs.

E.  

Create an AWS Lambda function that uses Amazon Athena to query the Redshift logs. Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that has a custom widget type that uses the Lambda function.

Discussion 0
Questions 29

A company ' s DevOps engineer uses AWS Systems Manager to perform maintenance tasks. The company has a few Amazon EC2 instances that require a restart after notifications from AWS Health.

The DevOps engineer must implement an automated solution that uses Amazon EventBridge to remediate the notifications during the company ' s scheduled maintenance windows.

How should the DevOps engineer configure an EventBridge rule to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Configure an event source of AWS Health. Configure event types that indicate scheduled instance termination and retirement. Target the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Systems Manager Automation runbook to restart the EC2 instances.

B.  

Configure an event source of Systems Manager. Configure an event type that indicates a maintenance window. Target the AWS-RestartEC2Instance Systems Manager Automation runbook to restart the EC2 instances.

C.  

Configure an event source of AWS Health. Configure event types that indicate scheduled instance termination and retirement. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers a Systems Manager maintenance window task to restart the EC2 instances.

D.  

Configure an event source of EC2. Configure an event type that indicates instance state notification. Target a newly created AWS Lambda function that registers a Systems Manager maintenance window task to restart the EC2 instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 30

A company uses Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server as its primary database. They need high availability within and across AWS Regions, with an RPO < 1 min and RTO < 10 min. Route 53 CNAME is used for the DB endpoint and must redirect to standby during failover.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Deploy an Amazon RDS for SQL Server Multi-AZ DB cluster with cross-Region read replicas. Use automation to promote replica and update Route 53.

B.  

Deploy RDS Multi-AZ with snapshots copied every 5 minutes; use Lambda to restore snapshot and update Route 53 on failover.

C.  

Deploy Single-AZ RDS and use AWS DMS to continuously replicate to another Region. Use CloudWatch alarms for failover notification.

D.  

Deploy Single-AZ RDS and use AWS Backup for cross-Region backups every 30 seconds. Use automation to restore and update Route 53 during failover.

Discussion 0
Questions 31

To run an application, a DevOps engineer launches an Amazon EC2 instance with public IP addresses in a public subnet. A user data script obtains the application artifacts and installs them on the instances upon launch. A change to the security classification of the application now requires the instances to run with no access to the internet. While the instances launch successfully and show as healthy, the application does not seem to be installed.

Which of the following should successfully install the application while complying with the new rule?

Options:

A.  

Launch the instances in a public subnet with Elastic IP addresses attached. Once the application is installed and running, run a script to disassociate the Elastic IP addresses afterwards.

B.  

Set up a NAT gateway. Deploy the EC2 instances to a private subnet. Update the private subnet ' s route table to use the NAT gateway as the default route.

C.  

Publish the application artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket and create a VPC endpoint for S3. Assign an IAM instance profile to the EC2 instances so they can read the application artifacts from the S3 bucket.

D.  

Create a security group for the application instances and allow only outbound traffic to the artifact repository. Remove the security group rule once the install is complete.

Discussion 0
Questions 32

A company detects unusual login attempts in many of its AWS accounts. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution that sends a notification to the company ' s security team when multiple failed login attempts occur. The DevOps engineer has already created an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic and has subscribed the security team to the SNS topic.

Which solution will provide the notification with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.  

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send management events to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to match failed ConsoleLogin events. Create a CloudWatch alarm that is based on the metric filter. Configure an alarm action to send messages to the SNS topic.

B.  

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send management events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Create an Amazon Athena query that returns a failure if the query finds failed logins in the logs in the S3 bucket. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically run the query. Create a second EventBridge rule to detect when the query fails and to send a message to the SNS topic.

C.  

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send data events to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Create a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to match failed ConsoleLogin events. Create a CloudWatch alarm that is based on the metric filter. Configure an alarm action to send messages to the SNS topic.

D.  

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send data events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure an Amazon S3 event notification for the s3:ObjectCreated event type. Filter the event type by ConsoleLogin failed events. Configure the event notification to forward to the SNS topic.

Discussion 0
Questions 33

A DevOps engineer is building a multistage pipeline with AWS CodePipeline to build, verify, stage, test, and deploy an application. A manual approval stage is required between the test stage and the deploy stage. The development team uses a custom chat tool with webhook support that requires near-real-time notifications.

How should the DevOps engineer configure status updates for pipeline activity and approval requests to post to the chat tool?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs subscription that filters on CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change. Publish subscription events to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Subscribe the chat webhook URL to the SNS topic, and complete the subscription validation.

B.  

Create an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by AWS CloudTrail events. When a CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change event is detected, send the event details to the chat webhook URL.

C.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that filters on CodePipeline Pipeline Execution State Change. Publish the events to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Create an AWS Lambda function that sends event details to the chat webhook URL. Subscribe the function to the SNS topic.

D.  

Modify the pipeline code to send the event details to the chat webhook URL at the end of each stage. Parameterize the URL so that each pipeline can send to a different URL based on the pipeline environment.

Discussion 0
Questions 34

A company runs a web application that extends across multiple Availability Zones. The company uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for routing. AWS Fargate (or the application and Amazon Aurora for the application data The company uses AWS CloudFormation templates to deploy the application The company stores all Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository in the same AWS account and AWS Region.

A DevOps engineer needs to establish a disaster recovery (DR) process in another Region. The solution must meet an RPO of 8 hours and an RTO of 2 hours The company sometimes needs more than 2 hours to build the Docker images from the Dockerfile

Which solution will meet the RTO and RPO requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Copy the CloudFormation templates and the Dockerfile to an Amazon S3 bucket in the DR Region Use AWS Backup to configure automated Aurora cross-Region hourly snapshots In case of DR, build the most recent Docker image and upload the Docker image to an ECR repository in the DR Region Use the CloudFormation template that has the most recent Aurora snapshot and the Docker image from the ECR repository to launch a new CloudFormation stack in th

B.  

Copy the CloudFormation templates to an Amazon S3 bucket in the DR Region Configure Aurora automated backup Cross-Region Replication Configure ECR Cross-Region Replication. In case of DR use the CloudFormation template with the most recent Aurora snapshot and the Docker image from the local ECR repository to launch a new CloudFormation stack in the DR Region Update the application DNS records to point to the new ALB

C.  

Copy the CloudFormation templates to an Amazon S3 bucket in the DR Region. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule an AWS Lambda function to take an hourly snapshot of the Aurora database and of the most recent Docker image in the ECR repository. Copy the snapshot and the Docker image to the DR Region in case of DR, use the CloudFormation template with the most recent Aurora snapshot and the Docker image from the local ECR repository to launch a

D.  

Copy the CloudFormation templates to an Amazon S3 bucket in the DR Region. Deploy a second application CloudFormation stack in the DR Region. Reconfigure Aurora to be a global database Update both CloudFormation stacks when a new application release in the current Region is needed. In case of DR. update, the application DNS records to point to the new ALB.

Discussion 0
Questions 35

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company ' s internal auditors have administrative access to a single audit account within the organization. A DevOps engineer needs to provide a solution to give the auditors read-only access to all accounts within the organization, including new accounts created in the future. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Enable AWS IAM Identity Center for the organization. Create a read-only access permission set. Create a permission group that includes the auditors. Grant access to every account in the organization to the auditor permission group by using the read-only access permission set.

B.  

Create an AWS CloudFormation stack set to deploy an IAM role that trusts the audit account and allows read-only access. Enable automatic deployment for the stack set. Set the organization root as a deployment target.

C.  

Create an SCP that provides read-only access for users in the audit account. Apply the policy to the organization root.

D.  

Enable AWS Config in the organization management account. Create an AWS managed rule to check for a role in each account that trusts the audit account and allows read-only access. Enable automated remediation to create the role if it does not exist.

Discussion 0
Questions 36

A DevOps team supports an application that runs on a large number of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The DevOps team uses AWS CloudFormation to deploy the EC2 instances. The application recently experienced an issue. A single instance returned errors to a large percentage of requests. The EC2 instance responded as healthy to both Amazon EC2 and Elastic Load Balancing health checks. The DevOps team collects application logs in Amazon CloudWatch by using the embedded metric format. The DevOps team needs to receive an alert if any EC2 instance is responsible for more than half of all errors. Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create a CloudWatch Contributor Insights rule that groups logs from the CloudWatch application logs based on instance ID and errors.

B.  

Create a resource group in AWS Resource Groups. Use the CloudFormation stack to group the resources for the application. Add the application to CloudWatch Application Insights. Use the resource group to identify the application.

C.  

Create a metric filter for the application logs to count the occurrence of the term " Error. " Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses the METRIC_COUNT function to determine whether errors have occurred. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

D.  

Create a CloudWatch alarm that uses the INSIGHT_RULE_METRIC function to determine whether a specific instance is responsible for more than half of all errors reported by EC2 instances. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to send a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

E.  

Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for the application logs that filters for errors and invokes an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to send the instance ID and error in a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify the DevOps team.

Discussion 0
Questions 37

A company runs a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. The company ' s employees remotely access the EC2 instances by using the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The company wants to collect metrics about how many RDP sessions the employees initiate every day. Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to EC2 Instance State-change Notification events.

B.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a target for the EventBridge rule.

C.  

Create a flow log in VPC Flow Logs.

D.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Specify the log group as a destination for the flow log.

E.  

Create a log group metric filter.

F.  

Create a log group subscription filter. Use EventBridge as the destination.

Discussion 0
Questions 38

A company manages a large fleet of Amazon EC2 Linux instances in its production AWS account by using AWS Systems Manager . The EC2 instances must comply with a list of compliance requirements.

The company ' s DevOps engineers wrote Chef cookbooks to detect and remediate configuration deviations. The company does not want to manage a Chef server and agent infrastructure.

The DevOps engineers need to set up the Chef cookbooks to run periodically on the EC2 instances.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a Systems Manager State Manager association . Associate the AWS-ApplyChefRecipes document with all EC2 instances. Configure the association to retrieve the Chef cookbooks from a source repository and to run every hour.

B.  

Store the Chef agent installation package in an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure a Systems Manager Run Command to invoke the AWS-InstallApplication command on all instances and to run the repair action. Schedule the Run Command to run every hour.

C.  

Create a Systems Manager State Manager association that applies the AWS-RefreshAssociation document to all EC2 instances. Configure the association to run every hour.

D.  

Configure a Systems Manager patch policy to run the scan and install operation every hour. Create a patch baseline for the EC2 instances. Configure the instance IAM profile with permissions for patch operations.

Discussion 0
Questions 39

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations with many OUs that contain many AWS accounts. The organization has a dedicated delegated administrator AWS account.

The company needs the accounts in one OU to have server-side encryption enforced for all Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes and Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queues that are created or updated on an AWS CloudFormation stack.

Which solution will enforce this policy before a CloudFormation stack operation in the accounts of this OU?

Options:

A.  

Activate trusted access to CloudFormation StackSets. Create a CloudFormation Hook that enforces server-side encryption on EBS volumes and SQS queues. Deploy the Hook across the accounts in the OU by using StackSets.

B.  

Set up AWS Config in all the accounts in the OU. Use AWS Systems Manager to deploy AWS Config rules that enforce server-side encryption for EBS volumes and SQS queues across the accounts in the OU.

C.  

Write an SCP to deny the creation of EBS volumes and SQS queues unless the EBS volumes and SQS queues have server-side encryption. Attach the SCP to the OU.

D.  

Create an AWS Lambda function in the delegated administrator account that checks whether server- side encryption is enforced for EBS volumes and SQS queues. Create an IAM role to provide the Lambda function access to the accounts in the OU.

Discussion 0
Questions 40

A company is developing an application that will generate log events. The log events consist of five distinct metrics every one tenth of a second and produce a large amount of data The company needs to configure the application to write the logs to Amazon Time stream The company will configure a daily query against the Timestream table.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the FASTEST query performance? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Use batch writes to write multiple log events in a Single write operation

B.  

Write each log event as a single write operation

C.  

Treat each log as a single-measure record

D.  

Treat each log as a multi-measure record

E.  

Configure the memory store retention period to be longer than the magnetic store retention period

F.  

Configure the memory store retention period to be shorter than the magnetic store retention period

Discussion 0
Questions 41

A company has multiple accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company ' s SecOps team needs to receive an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification if any account in the organization turns off the Block Public Access feature on an Amazon S3 bucket. A DevOps engineer must implement this change without affecting the operation of any AWS accounts. The implementation must ensure that individual member accounts in the organization cannot turn off the notification.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Designate an account to be the delegated Amazon GuardDuty administrator account. Turn on GuardDuty for all accounts across the organization. In the GuardDuty administrator account, create an SNS topic. Subscribe the SecOps team ' s email address to the SNS topic. In the same account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses an event pattern for GuardDuty findings and a target of the SNS topic.

B.  

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that creates an SNS topic and subscribes the SecOps team’s email address to the SNS topic. In the template, include an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses an event pattern of CloudTrail activity for s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock and a target of the SNS topic. Deploy the stack to every account in the organization by using CloudFormation StackSets.

C.  

Turn on AWS Config across the organization. In the delegated administrator account, create an SNS topic. Subscribe the SecOps team ' s email address to the SNS topic. Deploy a conformance pack that uses the s3-bucket-level-public-access-prohibited AWS Config managed rule in each account and uses an AWS Systems Manager document to publish an event to the SNS topic to notify the SecOps team.

D.  

Turn on Amazon Inspector across the organization. In the Amazon Inspector delegated administrator account, create an SNS topic. Subscribe the SecOps team’s email address to the SNS topic. In the same account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses an event pattern for public network exposure of the S3 bucket and publishes an event to the SNS topic to notify the SecOps team.

Discussion 0
Questions 42

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to install antivirus software on all the Amazon EC2 instances in an AWS account. The EC2 instances run the most recent version of Amazon Linux .

The solution must detect all instances and must use an AWS Systems Manager document to install the software if the software is not present.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an association in Systems Manager State Manager . Target all the managed nodes. Include the software in the association. Configure the association to use the Systems Manager document.

B.  

Set up AWS Config to record all the resources in the account. Create an AWS Config custom rule to determine if the software is installed on all the EC2 instances. Configure an automatic remediation action that uses the Systems Manager document for noncompliant EC2 instances.

C.  

Activate Amazon EC2 scanning on Amazon Inspector to determine if the software is installed on all the EC2 instances. Associate the findings with the Systems Manager document.

D.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses AWS CloudTrail to detect the RunInstances API call. Configure inventory collection in Systems Manager Inventory to determine if the software is installed on the EC2 instances. Associate the Systems Manager Inventory with the Systems Manager document.

Discussion 0
Questions 43

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a CI/CD pipeline that uses AWS CodeBuild to run a test suite. The test suite contains many test cases and takes a long time to finish running. The DevOps engineer wants to reduce the duration to run the tests. However, the DevOps engineer still wants to generate a single test report for all the test cases.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Run the test suite in a batch build type of build matrix by using the codebuild-tests-run command.

B.  

Run the test suite in a batch build type of build fanout by using the codebuild-tests-run command.

C.  

Run the test suite in a batch build type of build list by using different subsets of the test cases.

D.  

Run the test suite in a batch build type of build graph by using different subsets of the test cases.

Discussion 0
Questions 44

A company is running a custom-built application that processes records. All the components run on Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group. Each record ' s processing is a multistep sequential action that is compute-intensive. Each step is always completed in 5 minutes or less.

A limitation of the current system is that if any steps fail, the application has to reprocess the record from the beginning The company wants to update the architecture so that the application must reprocess only the failed steps.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a web application to write records to Amazon S3 Use S3 Event Notifications to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic Use an EC2 instance to poll Amazon SNS and start processing Save intermediate results to Amazon S3 to pass on to the next step

B.  

Perform the processing steps by using logic in the application. Convert the application code to run in a container. Use AWS Fargate to manage the container Instances. Configure the container to invoke itself to pass the state from one step to the next.

C.  

Create a web application to pass records to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Decouple the processing by using the Kinesis data stream and AWS Lambda functions.

D.  

Create a web application to pass records to AWS Step Functions. Decouple the processing into Step Functions tasks and AWS Lambda functions.

Discussion 0
Questions 45

A company has deployed a critical application in two AWS Regions. The application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in both Regions. The company has Amazon Route 53 alias DNS records for both ALBs.

The company uses Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to ensure that the application can fail over between the two Regions. The Route 53 ARC configuration includes a routing control for both Regions. The company uses Route 53 ARC to perform quarterly disaster recovery (DR) tests.

During the most recent DR test, a DevOps engineer accidentally turned off both routing controls. The company needs to ensure that at least one routing control is turned on at all times.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

In Route 53 ARC. create a new assertion safety rule. Apply the assertion safety rule to the two routing controls. Configure the rule with the ATLEAST type with a threshold of 1.

B.  

In Route 53 ARC, create a new gating safety rule. Apply the assertion safety rule to the two routing controls. Configure the rule with the OR type with a threshold of 1.

C.  

In Route 53 ARC, create a new resource set. Configure the resource set with an AWS: Route53: HealthCheck resource type. Specify the ARNs of the two routing controls as the target resource. Create a new readiness check for the resource set.

D.  

In Route 53 ARC, create a new resource set. Configure the resource set with an AWS: Route53RecoveryReadiness: DNSTargetResource resource type. Add the domain names of the two Route 53 alias DNS records as the target resource. Create a new readiness check for the resource set.

Discussion 0
Questions 46

A DevOps team deploys an ECS app behind an ALB using CodeDeploy with all-at-once strategy. Recent deployment increased response times, requiring rollback. The team wants a deployment strategy to monitor new versions before full traffic shift and rollback quickly if issues occur.

Which steps meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Use CodeDeployDefault.ECSCanary10Percent5Minutes deployment configuration.

B.  

Use CodeDeployDefault.ECSLinear10PercentEvery3Minutes deployment configuration.

C.  

Create a CloudWatch alarm on ALB UnHealthyHostCount and associate it with the deployment group for rollback.

D.  

Create a CloudWatch alarm on ALB TargetResponseTime and associate it with the deployment group for rollback.

E.  

Create a CloudWatch alarm on ALB TargetConnectionErrorCount and associate it with the deployment group for rollback.

Discussion 0
Questions 47

A company uses a CI/CD pipeline to deploy its workload in the ap-southeast-2 Region. The company receives images through a Network Load Balancer (NLB) and processes the images in AWS Fargate tasks on an Amazon ECS cluster. An Amazon ECR repository stores the images as Docker images. The company uses Route 53 for DNS. The company saves the images in an S3 bucket and metadata in DynamoDB. The company wants to expand to eu-west-2 with high availability and resilience.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the FEWEST configuration changes? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.  

Configure ECR replication to eu-west-2 on the repository. Configure an NLB in eu-west-2 that resolves to Fargate tasks in an ECS cluster in eu-west-2. Configure a latency routing policy in Route 53 for the two workloads.

B.  

Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table with a replica in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to interact with the DynamoDB table in ap-southeast-2.

C.  

Configure the DynamoDB table as a global table with a replica in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to interact with the DynamoDB table in the same Region that the tasks run in.

D.  

Configure a new S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure data replication between the S3 bucket in ap- southeast-2 and the S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure the Fargate tasks to use the S3 bucket in the same Region that the tasks run in to perform S3 PUT and GET operations.

E.  

Configure an S3 Multi-Region Access Point for the S3 bucket in ap-southeast-2 and a new S3 bucket in eu-west-2. Configure two-way replication on the S3 buckets. Configure the workloads to use the Multi-Region Access Point for S3 PUT and GET operations.

F.  

Configure the CI/CD pipeline to deploy ECR images to both Regions. Configure an NLB in eu-west-2 that resolves to Fargate tasks in an ECS cluster in eu-west-2. Configure a failover routing policy in Route 53 for the two workloads.

Discussion 0
Questions 48

A company has a web application that publishes logs that contain metadata for transactions, with a status of success or failure for each log. The logs are in JSON format. The application publishes the logs to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group.

The company wants to create a dashboard that displays the number of successful transactions.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster and an OpenSearch Service subscription filter to send the log group data to the cluster. Create a dashboard within the Dashboards feature in the OpenSearch Service cluster by using a search query for transactions that have a status of success.

B.  

Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for the log group that uses an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to parse the JSON logs and publish a custom metric to CloudWatch for transactions that have a status of success. Create a CloudWatch dashboard by using a metric graph that displays the custom metric.

C.  

Create a CloudWatch metric filter for the log groups with a filter pattern that matches the transaction status property and a value of success. Create a CloudWatch dashboard by using a metric graph that displays the new metric.

D.  

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream that is subscribed to the log group. Configure the data stream to filter incoming log data based on a status of success and to send the filtered logs to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to publish a custom metric to CloudWatch. Create a CloudWatch dashboard by using a metric graph that displays the custom metric.

Discussion 0
Questions 49

A company streams logs to CloudWatch Logs. Logs must be searchable for 30 days, low-latency accessible for 90 days, and occasionally retrieved after 180 days.

Which solution is MOST cost-effective?

Options:

A.  

Configure log retention of 30 days and export to S3 via Kinesis Data Streams. Use S3 Lifecycle policies.

B.  

Configure retention of 30 days and stream to S3 via Kinesis Data Firehose. Transition to S3 One Zone-IA and Glacier Flexible Retrieval.

C.  

Configure retention of 30 days and stream via Kinesis Data Streams, then store in S3 Standard-IA and Glacier Instant Retrieval.

D.  

Configure retention of 30 days and stream via Kinesis Data Firehose to S3. Transition to S3 Standard-IA (90 days) and Glacier Deep Archive (180 days).

Discussion 0
Questions 50

An AWS CodePipeline pipeline has implemented a code release process. The pipeline is integrated with AWS CodeDeploy to deploy versions of an application to multiple Amazon EC2 instances for each CodePipeline stage.

During a recent deployment the pipeline failed due to a CodeDeploy issue. The DevOps team wants to improve monitoring and notifications during deployment to decrease resolution times.

What should the DevOps engineer do to create notifications. When issues are discovered?

Options:

A.  

Implement Amazon CloudWatch Logs for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an AWS Config rule to evaluate code deployment issues, and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

B.  

Implement Amazon EventBridge for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an AWS Lambda function to evaluate code deployment issues, and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

C.  

Implement AWS CloudTrail to record CodePipeline and CodeDeploy API call information create an AWS Lambda function to evaluate code deployment issues and create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

D.  

Implement Amazon EventBridge for CodePipeline and CodeDeploy create an Amazon. Inspector assessment target to evaluate code deployment issues and create an Amazon Simple. Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to notify stakeholders of deployment issues.

Discussion 0
Questions 51

A company releases a new application in a new AWS account. The application includes an AWS Lambda function that processes messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SOS) standard queue. The Lambda function stores the results in an Amazon S3 bucket for further downstream processing. The Lambda function needs to process the messages within a specific period of time after the messages are published. The Lambda function has a batch size of 10 messages and takes a few seconds to process a batch of messages.

As load increases on the application ' s first day of service, messages in the queue accumulate at a greater rate than the Lambda function can process the messages. Some messages miss the required processing timelines. The logs show that many messages in the queue have data that is not valid. The company needs to meet the timeline requirements for messages that have valid data.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Increase the Lambda function ' s batch size. Change the SOS standard queue to an SOS FIFO queue. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

B.  

Reduce the Lambda function ' s batch size. Increase the SOS message throughput quota. Request a Lambda concurrency increase in the AWS Region.

C.  

Increase the Lambda function ' s batch size. Configure S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

D.  

Keep the Lambda function ' s batch size the same. Configure the Lambda function to report failed batch items. Configure an SOS dead-letter queue.

Discussion 0
Questions 52

A company has a web application that runs on AWS. The web tier uses an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) deployment with the Fargate launch type behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and Amazon Route 53. The application uses an Amazon Keyspaces (for Apache Cassandra) database. The company stores container images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). New image versions are pushed regularly.

The company needs to implement a multi-Region recovery strategy with automatic failover to a secondary Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Configure Amazon ECR private image replication to a new ECR private registry in the secondary Region. Configure Amazon Keyspaces point-in-time recovery to copy to the secondary Region. Create an ALB and a new Fargate service with the desired count set to 0 in the secondary Region. Create new Route 53 DNS records that use a weighted routing policy.

B.  

Configure Amazon ECR private image replication to a new ECR private registry in the secondary Region. Configure Amazon Keyspaces multi-Region replication to the secondary Region. Create an ALB and a new Fargate service with the desired count set to 1 in the secondary Region. Create new Route 53 DNS records that use a failover routing policy.

C.  

Copy the current Amazon ECR private images to a new ECR private registry in the secondary Region. Configure Amazon Keyspaces multi-Region replication to the secondary Region. Create an ALB and a new Fargate service with the desired count set to 1 in the secondary Region. Create new Route 53 DNS records that use a failover routing policy.

D.  

Configure Amazon ECR private image replication to a new ECR private registry in the secondary Region. Configure Amazon Keyspaces multi-Region replication to the secondary Region. Create an ALB and a new Fargate service with the desired count set to 0 in the secondary Region. Create new Route 53 DNS records that use a weighted routing policy.

Discussion 0
Questions 53

A company hosts a security auditing application in an AWS account. The auditing application uses an IAM role to access other AWS accounts. All the accounts are in the same organization in AWS Organizations.

A recent security audit revealed that users in the audited AWS accounts could modify or delete the auditing application ' s IAM role. The company needs to prevent any modification to the auditing application ' s IAM role by any entity other than a trusted administrator IAM role.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an SCP that includes a Deny statement for changes to the auditing application ' s IAM role. Include a condition that allows the trusted administrator IAM role to make changes. Attach the SCP to the root of the organization.

B.  

Create an SCP that includes an Allow statement for changes to the auditing application ' s IAM role by the trusted administrator IAM role. Include a Deny statement for changes by all other IAM principals. Attach the SCP to the IAM service in each AWS account where the auditing application has an IAM role.

C.  

Create an IAM permissions boundary that includes a Deny statement for changes to the auditing application ' s IAM role. Include a condition that allows the trusted administrator IAM role to make changes. Attach the permissions boundary to the audited AWS accounts.

D.  

Create an IAM permissions boundary that includes a Deny statement for changes to the auditing application’s IAM role. Include a condition that allows the trusted administrator IAM role to make changes. Attach the permissions boundary to the auditing application ' s IAM role in the AWS accounts.

Discussion 0
Questions 54

A company has multiple AWS accounts. The company uses AWS IAM Identity Center that is integrated with a third-party SAML 2.0 identity provider (IdP) .

The attributes for access control feature is enabled in IAM Identity Center. The attribute mapping list maps the department key from the IdP to the ${path:enterprise.department} attribute. All existing Amazon EC2 instances have a d1 , d2 , or d3 department tag that corresponds to three of the company’s departments.

A DevOps engineer must create policies based on the matching attributes. The policies must grant each user access to only the EC2 instances that are tagged with the user’s respective department name.

Which condition key should the DevOps engineer include in the custom permissions policies to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

" Condition " : {

" ForAllValues:StringEquals " : {

" aws:TagKeys " : [ " department " ]

}

}

B.  

" Condition " : {

" StringEquals " : {

" aws:PrincipalTag/department " : " ${aws:ResourceTag/department} "

}

}

C.  

" Condition " : {

" StringEquals " : {

" ec2:ResourceTag/department " : " ${aws:PrincipalTag/department} "

}

}

D.  

" Condition " : {

" ForAllValues:StringEquals " : {

" ec2:ResourceTag/department " : [ " d1 " , " d2 " , " d3 " ]

}

}

Discussion 0
Questions 55

A company uses Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Services (Amazon EKS) to host containerized applications that are available in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR).

The company currently launches EKS clusters in the company ' s development environment by using the AWS CLI aws eks create-cluster command. The company uses the aws eks create-addon command to install required add-ons. All installed add-ons are currently version compatible with the version of Kubernetes that the company uses. All clusters exclusively use managed node groups for compute capacity.

Some of the EKS clusters require a version upgrade. A DevOps engineer must ensure that upgrades continuously occur within the AWS standard support schedule.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Run the aws eks update-cluster-version command, providing appropriate arguments such as cluster name and version number.

B.  

Enable EKS Auto Mode on all EKS clusters. Remove all existing managed node groups.

C.  

Run the eksctl command to upgrade the EKS clusters. Provide appropriate arguments such as cluster name and version number.

D.  

Refactor the environment to create EKS clusters by using infrastructure as code (IaC). Upgrade the clusters by using code changes.

Discussion 0
Questions 56

A company is using AWS Organizations to centrally manage its AWS accounts. The company has turned on AWS Config in each member account by using AWS Cloud Formation StackSets The company has configured trusted access in Organizations for AWS Config and has configured a member account as a delegated administrator account for AWS Config

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a new security policy The policy must require all current and future AWS member accounts to use a common baseline of AWS Config rules that contain remediation actions that are managed from a central account Non-administrator users who can access member accounts must not be able to modify this common baseline of AWS Config rules that are deployed into each member account

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a CloudFormation template that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions. Deploy the template from the Organizations management account by using CloudFormation StackSets.

B.  

Create an AWS Config conformance pack that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions Deploy the pack from the Organizations management account by using CloudFormation StackSets.

C.  

Create a CloudFormation template that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions Deploy the template from the delegated administrator account by using AWS Config.

D.  

Create an AWS Config conformance pack that contains the AWS Config rules and remediation actions. Deploy the pack from the delegated administrator account by using AWS Config.

Discussion 0
Questions 57

A company has many applications. Different teams in the company developed the applications by using multiple languages and frameworks. The applications run on premises and on different servers with different operating systems. Each team has its own release protocol and process. The company wants to reduce the complexity of the release and maintenance of these applications.

The company is migrating its technology stacks, including these applications, to AWS. The company wants centralized control of source code, a consistent and automatic delivery pipeline, and as few maintenance tasks as possible on the underlying infrastructure.

What should a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for all applications. Put each application ' s code in a different branch. Merge the branches, and use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.

B.  

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to one centralized application server.

C.  

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build the applications one at a time and to create one AMI for each server. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to automatically provision and decommission Amazon EC2 fleets by using these AMIs.

D.  

Create one AWS CodeCommit repository for each of the applications. Use AWS CodeBuild to build one Docker image for each application in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR). Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the applications to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) on infrastructure that AWS Fargate manages.

Discussion 0
Questions 58

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy applications to a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. During a recent deployment, several EC2 instances failed to update successfully. A DevOps engineer must investigate the root cause of the failures and must determine which specific deployment lifecycle events encountered errors.

What is the MOST operationally efficient way to access and analyze the detailed deployment logs for troubleshooting?

Options:

A.  

Use SSH to connect to each EC2 instance that failed to update successfully. Read the logs from the CodeDeploy agent.

B.  

Use AWS Systems Manager Session Manager to connect to each EC2 instance that failed to update successfully. Read the logs from the CodeDeploy agent.

C.  

Create an Amazon S3 bucket to store CodeDeploy logs. Update the appspec.yml file to copy logs to the S3 bucket. Query the S3 bucket by using Amazon Athena.

D.  

Send CodeDeploy agent logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs by using the CloudWatch agent. Analyze the logs by using CloudWatch Logs Insights.

Discussion 0
Questions 59

A company uses an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster to host its machine learning (ML) application. As the ML model and the container image size grow, the time that new pods take to start up has increased to several minutes.

A DevOps engineer needs to reduce the startup time to seconds. The solution must also reduce the startup time to seconds when the pod runs on nodes that were recently added to the cluster.

The DevOps engineer creates an Amazon EventBridge rule that invokes an automation in AWS Systems Manager. The automation prefetches the container images from an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository when new images are pushed to the repository. The DevOps engineer also configures tags to be applied to the cluster and the node groups.

What should the DevOps engineer do next to meet the requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an IAM role that has a policy that allows EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the EKS cluster ' s control plane nodes. Create a Systems Manager State Manager association that uses the control plane nodes ' tags to prefetch corresponding container images.

B.  

Create an IAM role that has a policy that allows EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the EKS cluster ' s nodes. Create a Systems Manager State Manager association that uses the nodes ' machine size to prefetch corresponding container images.

C.  

Create an IAM role that has a policy that allows EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the EKS cluster ' s nodes. Create a Systems Manager State Manager association that uses the nodes ' tags to prefetch corresponding container images.

D.  

Create an IAM role that has a policy that allows EventBridge to use Systems Manager to run commands in the EKS cluster ' s control plane nodes. Create a Systems Manager State Manager association that uses the nodes ' tags to prefetch corresponding container images.

Discussion 0
Questions 60

A company deploys updates to its Amazon API Gateway API several times a week by using an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. As part of the update process the company exports the JavaScript SDK for the API from the API. Gateway console and uploads the SDK to an Amazon S3 bucket

The company has configured an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the S3 bucket as an origin Web client then download the SDK by using the CloudFront distribution ' s endpoint. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to make the new SDK available automatically during new API deployments.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a CodePipeline action immediately after the deployment stage of the API. Configure the action to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to download the SDK from API Gateway, upload the SDK to the S3 bucket and create a CloudFront invalidation for the SDK path.

B.  

Create a CodePipeline action immediately after the deployment stage of the API Configure the action to use the CodePipelme integration with API. Gateway to export the SDK to Amazon S3 Create another action that uses the CodePipeline integration with Amazon S3 to invalidate the cache for the SDK path.

C.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to UpdateStage events from aws apigateway Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to download the SDK from API Gateway upload the SDK to the S3 bucket and call the CloudFront API to create an invalidation for the SDK path.

D.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to Create. Deployment events from aws apigateway. Configure the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to download the SDK from API. Gateway upload the SDK to the S3 bucket and call the S3 API to invalidate the cache for the SDK path.

Discussion 0
Questions 61

A DevOps engineer uses AWS WAF to manage web ACLs across an AWS account. The DevOps engineer must ensure that AWS WAF is enabled for all Application Load Balancers (ALBs) in the account. The DevOps engineer uses an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy an individual ALB and AWS WAF as part of each application stack ' s deployment process. If AWS WAF is removed from the ALB after the ALB is deployed, AWS WAF must be added to the ALB automatically.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.  

Enable AWS Config. Add the alb-waf-enabled managed rule. Create an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to add AWS WAF to an ALB. Edit the rule to automatically remediate. Select the Systems Manager Automation document as the remediation action.

B.  

Enable AWS Config. Add the alb-waf-enabled managed rule. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to send all AWS Config ConfigurationItemChangeNotification notification types to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to call the AWS Config start-resource-evaluation API in detective mode.

C.  

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically call an AWS Lambda function that calls the detect-stack-drift API on the CloudFormation template. Configure the Lambda function to modify the ALB attributes with waf.fail_open.enabled set to true if the AWS::WAFv2::WebACLAssociation resource shows a status of drifted.

D.  

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to periodically call an AWS Lambda function that calls the detect-stack-drift API on the CloudFormation template. Configure the Lambda function to delete and redeploy the CloudFormation stack if the AWS::WAFv2::WebACLAssociation resource shows a status of drifted.

Discussion 0
Questions 62

A company has deployed a new platform that runs on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). The new platform hosts web applications that users frequently update. The application developers build the Docker images for the applications and deploy the Docker images manually to the platform.

The platform usage has increased to more than 500 users every day. Frequent updates, building the updated Docker images for the applications, and deploying the Docker images on the platform manually have all become difficult to manage.

The company needs to receive an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification if Docker image scanning returns any HIGH or CRITICAL findings for operating system or programming language package vulnerabilities.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files. Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon S3 event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a stop to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.

B.  

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository to store the Dockerfile and Kubernetes deployment files. Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline. Use an Amazon EvenlBridge event to invoke the pipeline when a newer version of the Dockerfile is committed. Add a step to the pipeline to initiate the AWS CodeBuild project.

C.  

Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on basic scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors Amazon GuardDuty events. Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.

D.  

Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the Docker images and stores the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Turn on enhanced scanning for the ECR repository. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that monitors ECR image scan events. Configure the EventBridge rule to send an event to an SNS topic when the finding-severity-counts parameter is more than 0 at a CRITICAL or HIGH level.

E.  

Create an AWS CodeBuild project that scans the Dockerfile. Configure the project to build the Docker images and store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository if the scan is successful. Configure an SNS topic to provide notification if the scan returns any vulnerabilities.

Discussion 0
Questions 63

A company needs to implement failover for its application. The application includes an Amazon CloudFront distribution and a public Application Load Balancer (ALB) in an AWS Region. The company has configured the ALB as the default origin for the distribution.

After some recent application outages, the company wants a zero-second RTO. The company deploys the application to a secondary Region in a warm standby configuration. A DevOps engineer needs to automate the failover of the application to the secondary Region so that HTTP GET requests meet the desired R TO.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a second CloudFront distribution that has the secondary ALB as the default origin. Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both CloudFront distributions. Update the application to use the new record set.

B.  

Create a new origin on the distribution for the secondary AL

B.  

Create a new origin group. Set the original ALB as the primary origin. Configure the origin group to fail over for HTTP 5xx status codes. Update the default behavior to use the origin group.

C.  

Create Amazon Route 53 alias records that have a failover policy and Evaluate Target Health set to Yes for both ALBs. Set the TTL of both records to O. Update the distribution ' s origin to use the new record set.

D.  

Create a CloudFront function that detects HTTP 5xx status codes. Configure the function to return a 307 Temporary Redirect error response to the secondary ALB if the function detects 5xx status codes. Update the distribution ' s default behavior to send origin responses to the function.

Discussion 0
Questions 64

A company provides an application to customers. The application has an Amazon API Gateway REST API that invokes an AWS Lambda function. On initialization, the Lambda function loads a large amount of data from an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data load process results in long cold-start times of 8-10 seconds. The DynamoDB table has DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) configured.

Customers report that the application intermittently takes a long time to respond to requests. The application receives thousands of requests throughout the day. In the middle of the day, the application experiences 10 times more requests than at any other time of the day. Near the end of the day, the application ' s request volume decreases to 10% of its normal total.

A DevOps engineer needs to reduce the latency of the Lambda function at all times of the day.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Configure provisioned concurrency on the Lambda function with a concurrency value of 1. Delete the DAX cluster for the DynamoDB table.

B.  

Configure reserved concurrency on the Lambda function with a concurrency value of 0.

C.  

Configure provisioned concurrency on the Lambda function. Configure AWS Application Auto Scaling on the Lambda function with provisioned concurrency values set to a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 100.

D.  

Configure reserved concurrency on the Lambda function. Configure AWS Application Auto Scaling on the API Gateway API with a reserved concurrency maximum value of 100.

Discussion 0
Questions 65

A development team manually builds a local artifact. The development team moves the artifact to an Amazon S3 bucket to support an application. The application has a local cache that must be cleared when the development team deploys the application to Amazon EC2 instances. For each deployment, the development team runs a command to clear the cache, download the artifact from the S3 bucket, and unzip the artifact to complete the deployment.

The development team wants to migrate the deployment process to a CI/CD process and to track the progress of each deployment.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Set up an AWS CodeConnections compatible Git repository. Allow developers to merge code into the repository. Use AWS CodeBuild to build an artifact and copy the object into the S3 bucket. Configure CodeBuild to run for every merge into the main branch.

B.  

Create a custom script to clear the cache. Specify the script in the BeforeInstall lifecycle hook in the AppSpec file.

C.  

Create user data for each EC2 instance that contains the cache clearing script. Test the application after deployment. If the deployment is not successful, then redeploy.

D.  

Use AWS CodePipeline to deploy the application. Set up an AWS CodeConnections compatible Git repository. Allow developers to merge code into the repository as a source for the pipeline.

E.  

Use AWS CodeBuild to build the artifact and place the artifact in the S3 bucket. Use AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the artifact to EC2 instances.

F.  

Use AWS Systems Manager to fetch the artifact from the S3 bucket and to deploy the artifact to all the EC2 instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 66

A company uses the AWS Cloud Development Kit (AWS CDK) to define its application. The company uses a pipeline that consists of AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild to deploy the CDK application. The company wants to introduce unit tests to the pipeline to test various infrastructure components. The company wants to ensure that a deployment proceeds if no unit tests result in a failure.

Which combination of steps will enforce the testing requirement in the pipeline? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Set the OnFailure phase property to ABORT.

B.  

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Add the --rollback true flag to the cdk deploy command.

C.  

Update the CodeBuild build phase commands to run the tests then to deploy the application. Add the --require-approval any-change flag to the cdk deploy command.

D.  

Create a test that uses the AWS CDK assertions module. Use the template.hasResourceProperties assertion to test that resources have the expected properties.

E.  

Create a test that uses the cdk diff command. Configure the test to fail if any resources have changed.

Discussion 0
Questions 67

A company runs applications on Windows and Linux Amazon EC2 instances The instances run across multiple Availability Zones In an AWS Region. The company uses Auto Scaling groups for each application.

The company needs a durable storage solution for the instances. The solution must use SMB for Windows and must use NFS for Linux. The solution must also have sub-millisecond latencies. All instances will read and write the data.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system that has targets in multiple Availability Zones

B.  

Create an Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP Multi-AZ file system.

C.  

Create a General Purpose SSD (gp3) Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume to use for shared storage.

D.  

Update the user data for each application ' s launch template to mount the file system

E.  

Perform an instance refresh on each Auto Scaling group.

F.  

Update the EC2 instances for each application to mount the file system when new instances are launched

Discussion 0
Questions 68

A company uses AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) keys and manual key rotation to meet regulatory compliance requirements. The security team wants to be notified when any keys have not been rotated after 90 days.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Options:

A.  

Configure AWS KMS to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when keys are more than 90 days old.

B.  

Configure an Amazon EventBridge event to launch an AWS Lambda function to call the AWS Trusted Advisor API and publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

C.  

Develop an AWS Config custom rule that publishes to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when keys are more than 90 days old.

D.  

Configure AWS Security Hub to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when keys are more than 90 days old.

Discussion 0
Questions 69

A company has developed a web application that conducts seasonal sales on public holidays. The web application is deployed on AWS and uses AWS services for storage, database, computing, and encryption. During seasonal sales, the company expects high network traffic from many users. The company must receive insights regarding any unexpected behavior during the sale. A DevOps team wants to review the insights upon detecting anomalous behaviors during the sale. The DevOps team wants to receive recommended actions to resolve the anomalous behaviors. The recommendations must be provided on the provisioned infrastructure to address issues that might occur in the future.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Enable Amazon DevOps Guru in the AWS account. Determine the coverage for DevOps Guru for all supported AWS resources in the account. Use the DevOps Guru dashboard to find the analysis, recommendations, and related metrics.

B.  

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Configure Amazon DevOps Guru to send notifications about important events to the company when anomalies are identified.

C.  

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Store Amazon CloudWatch logs, AWS CloudTrail data, and AWS Config data in the S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to generate insights on the data. Create a dashboard by using Amazon QuickSight.

D.  

Configure email message reports for an Amazon QuickSight dashboard. Schedule and send the email reports to the company.

E.  

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Configure Amazon Athena to send query results about important events to the company when anomalies are identified.

Discussion 0
Questions 70

A DevOps engineer needs to implement a CI/CD pipeline in an AWS account. The pipeline must consume sensitive database credentials that are stored in an AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store parameter. The Parameter Store parameter is in a separate central account. The DevOps engineer needs to create and integrate the parameter with the CI/CD account.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Use an advanced tier Parameter Store parameter to store the database credentials in the central AWS account.

B.  

Create an IAM role in the AWS account that hosts the CI/CD pipeline. Add the full ARN of the parameter to the IAM policy that is associated with the IAM role.

C.  

Use a standard tier Parameter Store parameter to store the database credentials in the central AWS account.

D.  

Use an AWS KMS managed key to encrypt the parameter. Grant decrypt permissions for the KMS key to the AWS account that hosts the CI/CD pipeline.

E.  

Use a customer managed AWS KMS key to encrypt the parameter. Grant decrypt permissions for the customer managed key to the AWS account that hosts the CI/CD pipeline.

F.  

Create an AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) resource share in the central AWS account. Share the parameter with the account that hosts the CI/CD pipeline.

Discussion 0
Questions 71

A company is developing a new application. The application uses AWS Lambda functions for its compute tier. The company must use a canary deployment for any changes to the Lambda functions. Automated rollback must occur if any failures are reported.

The company’s DevOps team needs to create the infrastructure as code (IaC) and the CI/CD pipeline for this solution.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CloudFormation template for the application. Define each Lambda function in the template by using the AWS::Lambda::Function resource type. In the template, include a version for the Lambda function by using the AWS::Lambda::Version resource type. Declare the CodeSha256 property. Configure an AWS::Lambda::Alias resource that references the latest version of the Lambda function.

B.  

Create an AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) template for the application. Define each Lambda function in the template by using the AWS::Serverless::Function resource type. For each function, include configurations for the AutoPublishAlias property and the DeploymentPreference property. Configure the deployment configuration type to LambdaCanary10Percent10Minutes.

C.  

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. Use the CodeCommit repository in a new source stage that starts the pipeline. Create an AWS CodeBuild project to deploy the AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) template. Upload the template and source code to the CodeCommit repository. In the CodeCommit repository, create a buildspec.yml file that includes the commands to build and deploy the SAM application.

D.  

Create an AWS CodeCommit repository. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. Use the CodeCommit repository in a new source stage that starts the pipeline. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group that is configured for canary deployments with a DeploymentPreference type of Canary10Percent10Minutes. Upload the AWS CloudFormation template and source code to the CodeCommit repository. In the CodeCommit repository, create an appspec.yml file that

E.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch composite alarm for all the Lambda functions. Configure an evaluation period and dimensions for Lambda. Configure the alarm to enter the ALARM state if any errors are detected or if there is insufficient data.

F.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for each Lambda function. Configure the alarms to enter the ALARM state if any errors are detected. Configure an evaluation period, dimensions for each Lambda function and version, and the namespace as AWS/Lambda on the Errors metric.

Discussion 0
Questions 72

A DevOps learn has created a Custom Lambda rule in AWS Config. The rule monitors Amazon Elastic Container Repository (Amazon ECR) policy statements for ecr: ' actions. When a noncompliant repository is detected, Amazon EventBridge uses Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to route the notification to a security team.

When the custom AWS Config rule is evaluated, the AWS Lambda function fails to run.

Which solution will resolve the issue?

Options:

A.  

Modify the Lambda function ' s resource policy to grant AWS Config permission to invoke the function.

B.  

Modify the SNS topic policy to include configuration changes for EventBridge to publish to the SNS topic.

C.  

Modify the Lambda function ' s execution role to include configuration changes for custom AWS Config rules.

D.  

Modify all the ECR repository policies to grant AWS Config access to the necessary ECR API actions.

Discussion 0
Questions 73

A company has an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that is configured with an Amazon S3 bucket in the eu-west-1 Region. The pipeline deploys an AWS Lambda application to the same Region. The pipeline consists of an AWS CodeBuild project build action and an AWS CloudFormation deploy action.

The CodeBuild project uses the aws cloudformation package AWS CLI command to build an artifact that contains the Lambda function code’s .zip file and the CloudFormation template. The CloudFormation deploy action references the CloudFormation template from the output artifact of the CodeBuild project’s build action.

The company wants to also deploy the Lambda application to the us-east-1 Region by using the pipeline in eu-west-1. A DevOps engineer has already updated the CodeBuild project to use the aws cloudformation package command to produce an additional output artifact for us-east-1.

Which combination of additional steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Modify the CloudFormation template to include a parameter for the Lambda function code’s zip file location. Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to pass in the us-east-1 artifact location as a parameter override.

B.  

Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to use the CloudFormation template from the us-east-1 output artifact.

C.  

Create an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Configure the S3 bucket policy to allow CodePipeline to have read and write access.

D.  

Create an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the S3 bucket in eu-west-1 to the S3 bucket in us-east-1.

E.  

Modify the pipeline to include the S3 bucket for us-east-1 as an artifact store. Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to use the CloudFormation template from the us-east-1 output artifact.

Discussion 0
Questions 74

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company needs a solution to improve the company ' s management of AWS resources in a production account.

The company wants to use AWS CloudFormation to manage all manually created infrastructure. The company must have the ability to strictly control who can make manual changes to AWS infrastructure. The solution must ensure that users can deploy new infrastructure only by making changes to a CloudFormation template that is stored in an AWS CodeConnections compatible Git provider.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort? (Select THREE).

Options:

A.  

Configure the CloudFormation infrastructure as code (IaC) generator to scan for existing resources in the AWS account. Create a CloudFormation template that includes the scanned resources. Import the CloudFormation template into a new CloudFormation stack.

B.  

Configure AWS Config to scan for existing resources in the AWS account. Create a CloudFormation template that includes the scanned resources. Import the CloudFormation template into a new CloudFormation stack.

C.  

Use CodeConnections to establish a connection between the Git provider and AWS CodePipeline. Push the CloudFormation template to the Git repository. Run a pipeline in CodePipeline that deploys the CloudFormation stack for every merge into the Git repository.

D.  

Use CodeConnections to establish a connection between the Git provider and CloudFormation. Push the CloudFormation template to the Git repository. Sync the Git repository with the CloudFormation stack.

E.  

Create an IAM role, and set CloudFormation as the principal. Grant the IAM role access to manage the stack resources. Create an SCP that denies all actions to all the principals except by the IAM role. Link the SCP with the production OU.

F.  

Create an IAM role, and set CloudFormation as the principal. Grant the IAM role access to manage the stack resources. Create an SCP that allows all actions to only the IAM role. Link the SCP with the production OU.

Discussion 0
Questions 75

A company has microservices running in AWS Lambda that read data from Amazon DynamoDB. The Lambda code is manually deployed by developers after successful testing The company now needs the tests and deployments be automated and run in the cloud Additionally, traffic to the new versions of each microservice should be incrementally shifted over time after deployment.

What solution meets all the requirements, ensuring the MOST developer velocity?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CodePipelme configuration and set up a post-commit hook to trigger the pipeline after tests have passed Use AWS CodeDeploy and create a Canary deployment configuration that specifies the percentage of traffic and interval

B.  

Create an AWS CodeBuild configuration that triggers when the test code is pushed Use AWS CloudFormation to trigger an AWS CodePipelme configuration that deploys the new Lambda versions and specifies the traffic shift percentage and interval

C.  

Create an AWS CodePipelme configuration and set up the source code step to trigger when code is pushed. Set up the build step to use AWS CodeBuild to run the tests Set up an AWS CodeDeploy configuration to deploy, then select the CodeDeployDefault.LambdaLinearlDPercentEvery3Minut.es Option.

D.  

Use the AWS CLI to set up a post-commit hook that uploads the code to an Amazon S3 bucket after tests have passed. Set up an S3 event trigger that runs a Lambda function that deploys the new version. Use an interval in the Lambda function to deploy the code over time at the required percentage

Discussion 0
Questions 76

A developer is maintaining a fleet of 50 Amazon EC2 Linux servers. The servers are part of an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group, and also use Elastic Load Balancing for load balancing.

Occasionally, some application servers are being terminated after failing ELB HTTP health checks. The developer would like to perform a root cause analysis on the issue, but before being able to access application logs, the server is terminated.

How can log collection be automated?

Options:

A.  

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Pending:Wait state. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for EC2 Instance Terminate Successful and trigger an AWS Lambda function that invokes an SSM Run Command script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

B.  

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Terminating:Wait state. Create an AWS Config rule for EC2 Instance-terminate Lifecycle Action and trigger a step function that invokes a script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

C.  

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Terminating:Wait state. Create an Amazon CloudWatch subscription filter for EC2 Instance Terminate Successful and trigger a CloudWatch agent that invokes a script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

D.  

Use Auto Scaling lifecycle hooks to put instances in a Terminating:Wait state. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule for EC2 Instance-terminate Lifecycle Action and trigger an AWS Lambda function that invokes an SSM Run Command script to collect logs, push them to Amazon S3, and complete the lifecycle action once logs are collected.

Discussion 0
Questions 77

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company recently acquired another company that has standalone AWS accounts. The acquiring company ' s DevOps team needs to consolidate the administration of the AWS accounts for both companies and retain full administrative control of the accounts. The DevOps team also needs to collect and group findings across all the accounts to implement and maintain a security posture.

Which combination of steps should the DevOps team take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Invite the acquired company ' s AWS accounts to join the organization. Create an SCP that has full administrative privileges. Attach the SCP to the management account.

B.  

Invite the acquired company ' s AWS accounts to join the organization. Create the OrganizationAccountAccessRole 1AM role in the invited accounts. Grant permission to the management account to assume the role.

C.  

Use AWS Security Hub to collect and group findings across all accounts. Use Security Hub to automatically detect new accounts as the accounts are added to the organization.

D.  

Use AWS Firewall Manager to collect and group findings across all accounts. Enable all features for the organization. Designate an account in the organization as the delegated administrator account for Firewall Manager.

E.  

Use Amazon Inspector to collect and group findings across all accounts. Designate an account in the organization as the delegated administrator account for Amazon Inspector.

Discussion 0
Questions 78

A company hosts its staging website using an Amazon EC2 instance backed with Amazon EBS storage. The company wants to recover quickly with minimal data losses in the event of network connectivity issues or power failures on the EC2 instance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Add the instance to an EC2 Auto Scaling group with the minimum, maximum, and desired capacity set to 1.

B.  

Add the instance to an EC2 Auto Scaling group with a lifecycle hook to detach the EBS volume when the EC2 instance shuts down or terminates.

C.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed System metric and select the EC2 action to recover the instance.

D.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed Instance metric and select the EC2 action to reboot the instance.

Discussion 0
Questions 79

A company deploys a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that are behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company stores the application code in an AWS CodeConnections compatible Git repository.

When the company merges code to the main branch, an AWS CodeBuild project is initiated. The CodeBuild project compiles the code, stores the packaged code in AWS CodeArtifact, and invokes AWS Systems Manager Run Command to deploy the packaged code to the EC2 instances.

Previous deployments have resulted in defects, EC2 instances that were not running the latest version of the packaged code, and inconsistencies between instances. A DevOps engineer needs to improve the reliability of the deployment solution.

Which combination of actions will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that uses the Git repository as the source provider. Configure the pipeline to have parallel build and test stages. In the pipeline, pass the CodeBuild project output artifact to an AWS CodeDeploy action.

B.  

Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that uses the Git repository as the source provider. Configure the pipeline to have a build stage followed by a test stage. In the pipeline, pass the CodeBuild project output artifact to an AWS CodeDeploy action.

C.  

Create an AWS CodeDeploy application and a deployment group to deploy the packaged code to the EC2 instances. Configure the ALB for the deployment group.

D.  

Create individual AWS Lambda functions that use AWS CodeDeploy instead of Systems Manager to run build, test, and deploy actions.

E.  

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Modify the CodeBuild project to store the packages in the S3 bucket instead of in CodeArtifact. Use deploy actions in CodeDeploy to deploy.

Discussion 0
Questions 80

A company is developing code and wants to use semantic versioning. The company ' s DevOps team needs to create a pipeline for compiling the code. The team also needs to manage versions of the compiled code. If the code uses any open source libraries, the libraries must also be cached in the build process. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository and associate the upstream repositories. Create an AWS CodeBuild project that builds the semantic version of the code artifacts. Configure the project to authenticate and connect to the CodeArtifact repository and publish the artifact to the repository.

B.  

Use AWS CodeDeploy to upload the generated semantic version of the artifact to an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system.

C.  

Use an AWS CodeBuild project to build the code and to publish the generated semantic version of the artifact to AWS Artifact. Configure build caching in the CodeBuild project.

D.  

Create a new AWS CodeArtifact repository. Create an AWS Lambda function that pulls open source packages from the internet and publishes the packages to the repository. Configure AWS CodeDeploy to build semantic versions of the code and publish the versions to the repository.

Discussion 0
Questions 81

A company runs a microservices application on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). Users recently reported significant delays while accessing an account summary feature, particularly during peak business hours.

A DevOps engineer used Amazon CloudWatch metrics and logs to troubleshoot the issue. The logs indicated normal CPU and memory utilization on the EKS nodes. The DevOps engineer was not able to identify where the delays occurred within the microservices architecture.

The DevOps engineer needs to increase the observability of the application to pinpoint where the delays are occurring.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Deploy the AWS X-Ray daemon as a DaemonSet in the EKS cluster. Use the X-Ray SDK to instrument the application code. Redeploy the application.

B.  

Enable CloudWatch Container Insights for the EKS cluster. Use the Container Insights data to diagnose the delays.

C.  

Create alarms based on the existing CloudWatch metrics. Set up an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to send email alerts.

D.  

Increase the timeout settings in the application code for network operations to allow more time for operations to finish.

Discussion 0
Questions 82

A DevOps engineer is implementing governance controls for a company that requires its infrastructure to be housed within the United States. The engineer must restrict which AWS Regions can be used, and ensure an alert is sent as soon as possible if any activity outside the governance policy takes place. The controls should be automatically enabled on any new Region outside the United States (US).

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Organizations SCP that denies access to all non-global services in non-US Regions. Attach the policy to the root of the organization.

B.  

Configure AWS CloudTrail to send logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs and enable it for all Regions. Use a CloudWatch Logs metric filter to send an alert on any service activity in non-US Regions.

C.  

Use an AWS Lambda function that checks for AWS service activity and deploy it to all Regions. Write an Amazon EventBridge rule that runs the Lambda function every hour, sending an alert if activity is found in a non-US Region.

D.  

Use an AWS Lambda function to query Amazon Inspector to look for service activity in non-US Regions and send alerts if any activity is found.

E.  

Write an SCP using the aws: RequestedRegion condition key limiting access to US Regions. Apply the policy to all users, groups, and roles

Discussion 0
Questions 83

A large enterprise is deploying a web application on AWS. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The application stores data in an Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instance and Amazon DynamoDB. There are separate environments tor development testing and production.

What is the MOST secure and flexible way to obtain password credentials during deployment?

Options:

A.  

Retrieve an access key from an AWS Systems Manager securestring parameter to access AWS services. Retrieve the database credentials from a Systems Manager SecureString parameter.

B.  

Launch the EC2 instances with an EC2 1AM role to access AWS services Retrieve the database credentials from AWS Secrets Manager.

C.  

Retrieve an access key from an AWS Systems Manager plaintext parameter to access AWS services. Retrieve the database credentials from a Systems Manager SecureString parameter.

D.  

Launch the EC2 instances with an EC2 1AM role to access AWS services Store the database passwords in an encrypted config file with the application artifacts.

Discussion 0
Questions 84

A company is building a new pipeline by using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild in a build account. The pipeline consists of two stages. The first stage is a CodeBuild job to build and package an AWS Lambda function. The second stage consists of deployment actions that operate on two different AWS accounts a development environment account and a production environment account. The deployment stages use the AWS Cloud Format ion action that CodePipeline invokes to deploy the infrastructure that the Lambda function requires.

A DevOps engineer creates the CodePipeline pipeline and configures the pipeline to encrypt build artifacts by using the AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key for Amazon S3 (the aws/s3 key). The artifacts are stored in an S3 bucket When the pipeline runs, the Cloud Formation actions fail with an access denied error.

Which combination of actions must the DevOps engineer perform to resolve this error? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create an S3 bucket in each AWS account for the artifacts Allow the pipeline to write to the S3 buckets. Create a CodePipeline S3 action to copy the artifacts to the S3 bucket in each AWS account Update the CloudFormation actions to reference the artifacts S3 bucket in the production account.

B.  

Create a customer managed KMS key Configure the KMS key policy to allow the IAM roles used by the CloudFormation action to perform decrypt operations Modify the pipeline to use the customer managed KMS key to encrypt artifacts.

C.  

Create an AWS managed KMS key Configure the KMS key policy to allow the development account and the production account to perform decrypt operations. Modify the pipeline to use the KMS key to encrypt artifacts.

D.  

In the development account and in the production account create an IAM role for CodePipeline. Configure the roles with permissions to perform CloudFormation operations and with permissions to retrieve and decrypt objects from the artifacts S3 bucket. In the CodePipeline account configure the CodePipeline CloudFormation action to use the roles.

E.  

In the development account and in the production account create an IAM role for CodePipeline Configure the roles with permissions to perform CloudFormationoperations and with permissions to retrieve and decrypt objects from the artifacts S3 bucket. In the CodePipelme account modify the artifacts S3 bucket policy to allow the roles access Configure the CodePipeline CloudFormation action to use the roles.

Discussion 0
Questions 85

A company is performing vulnerability scanning for all Amazon EC2 instances across many accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each account ' s VPCs are attached to a shared transit gateway. The VPCs send traffic to the internet through a central egress VPC. The company has enabled Amazon Inspector in a delegated administrator account and has enabled scanning for all member accounts.

A DevOps engineer discovers that some EC2 instances are listed in the " not scanning " tab in Amazon Inspector.

Which combination of actions should the DevOps engineer take to resolve this issue? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.  

Verify that AWS Systems Manager Agent is installed and is running on the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

B.  

Associate the target EC2 instances with security groups that allow outbound communication on port 443 to the AWS Systems Manager service endpoint.

C.  

Grant inspector: StartAssessmentRun permissions to the IAM role that the DevOps engineer is using.

D.  

Configure EC2 Instance Connect for the EC2 instances that Amazon Inspector is not scanning.

E.  

Associate the target EC2 instances with instance profiles that grant permissions to communicate with AWS Systems Manager.

F.  

Create a managed-instance activation. Use the Activation Code and the Activation ID to register the EC2 instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 86

A company has proprietary data available by using an Amazon CloudFront distribution. The company needs to ensure that the distribution is accessible by only users from the corporate office that have a known set of IP address ranges. An AWS WAF web ACL is associated with the distribution and has a default action set to Count.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create a new regex pattern set. Add the regex pattern set to a new rule group. Create a new web ACL that has a default action set to Block. Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distribution. Add a rule that allows traffic based on the new rule group.

B.  

Create an AWS WAF IP address set that matches the corporate office IP address range. Create a new web ACL that has a default action set to Allow. Associate the web ACL with the CloudFront distribution. Add a rule that allows traffic from the IP address set.

C.  

Create a new regex pattern set. Add the regex pattern set to a new rule group. Set the default action on the existing web ACL to Allow. Add a rule that has priority 0 that allows traffic based on the regex pattern set.

D.  

Create a WAF IP address set that matches the corporate office IP address range. Set the default action on the existing web ACL to Block. Add a rule that has priority 0 that allows traffic from the IP address set.

Discussion 0
Questions 87

A DevOps engineer is deploying a new version of a company ' s application in an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group associated with its Amazon EC2 instances. After some time, the deployment fails. The engineer realizes that all the events associated with the specific deployment ID are in a Skipped status and code was not deployed in the instances associated with the deployment group.

What are valid reasons for this failure? (Select TWO.).

Options:

A.  

The networking configuration does not allow the EC2 instances to reach the internet via a NAT gateway or internet gateway and the CodeDeploy endpoint cannot be reached.

B.  

The IAM user who triggered the application deployment does not have permission to interact with the CodeDeploy endpoint.

C.  

The target EC2 instances were not properly registered with the CodeDeploy endpoint.

D.  

An instance profile with proper permissions was not attached to the target EC2 instances.

E.  

The appspec. yml file was not included in the application revision.

Discussion 0
Questions 88

A company needs to increase the security of the container images that run in its production environment. The company wants to integrate operating system scanning and programming language package vulnerability scanning for the containers in its CI/CD pipeline. The CI/CD pipeline is an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that includes an AWS CodeBuild project, AWS CodeDeploy actions, and an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository.

A DevOps engineer needs to add an image scan to the CI/CD pipeline. The CI/CD pipeline must deploy only images without CRITICAL and HIGH findings into production.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon ECR basic scanning.

B.  

Use Amazon ECR enhanced scanning.

C.  

Configure Amazon ECR to submit a Rejected status to the CI/CD pipeline when the image scan returns CRITICAL or HIGH findings.

D.  

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function when the image scan is completed. Configure the Lambda function to consume the Amazon Inspector scan status and to submit an Approved or Rejected status to the CI/CD pipeline.

E.  

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function when the image scan is completed. Configure the Lambda function to consume the Clair scan status and to submit an Approved or Rejected status to the CI/CD pipeline.

Discussion 0
Questions 89

A company is developing a web application and is using AWS CodeBuild for its CI/CD pipeline. The company must generate multiple artifacts from a single build process. The company also needs the ability to determine which build generated each artifact. The artifacts must be stored in an Amazon S3 bucket for further processing and deployment. Builds occur frequently and are based on a large Git repository. The company needs to optimize build times. Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.  

Configure the buildspec.yml file to specify multiple artifacts with different file sets. Enable local caching for the build process by using source cache mode. Use environment variables to dynamically name artifacts based on the build ID.

B.  

Configure the buildspec.yml file to output all files as a single artifact. Enable local caching for the build process by using custom cache mode. Create an AWS Lambda function that is invoked by CodeBuild completion. Program the Lambda function to split the artifact into multiple files and to upload the files to the S3 bucket with dynamic names based on build ID.

C.  

Create separate CodeBuild projects for each artifact type. Enable local caching for the build process by using Docker layer cache mode. Configure each project to output a single artifact to the S3 bucket with a dynamic name based on build ID. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the projects in parallel.

D.  

Set up CodeBuild to generate a single ZIP artifact that contains all files. Enable S3 caching for the build process. Use AWS CodePipeline with a custom action to extract the files and reorganize the files into multiple artifacts in the S3 bucket. Configure the custom action to dynamically name the files based on the time of the build.

Discussion 0
Questions 90

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts in a hierarchical structure. An SCP that is associated with the organization root allows IAM users to be created.

A DevOps team must be able to create IAM users with any level of permissions. Developers must also be able to create IAM users. However, developers must not be able to grant new IAM users excessive permissions. The developers have the CreateAndManageUsers role in each account. The DevOps team must be able to prevent other users from creating IAM users.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create an SCP in the organization to deny users the ability to create and modify IAM users. Attach the SCP to the root of the organization. Attach the CreateAndManageUsers role to developers.

B.  

Create an SCP in the organization to grant users that have the DeveloperBoundary policy attached the ability to create new IAM users and to modify IAM users. Configure the SCP to require users to attach the PermissionBoundaries policy to any new IAM user. Attach the SCP to the root of the organization.

C.  

Create an IAM permissions policy named PermissionBoundaries within each account. Configure the PermissionBoundaries policy to specify the maximum permissions that a developer can grant to a new IAM user.

D.  

Create an IAM permissions policy named PermissionBoundaries within each account. Configure PermissionsBoundaries to allow users who have the PermissionBoundaries policy to create new IAM users.

E.  

Create an IAM permissions policy named DeveloperBoundary within each account. Configure the DeveloperBoundary policy to allow developers to create IAM users and to assign policies to IAM users only if the developer includes the PermissionBoundaries policy as the permissions boundary. Attach the DeveloperBoundary policy to the CreateAndManageUsers role within each account.

Discussion 0
Questions 91

A DevOps engineer is architecting a continuous development strategy for a company ' s software as a service (SaaS) web application running on AWS. For application and security reasons users subscribing to this application are distributed across multiple. Application Load Balancers (ALBs) each of which has a dedicated Auto Scaling group and fleet of Amazon EC2 instances The application does not require a build stage and when it is committed to AWS CodeCommit, the application must trigger a simultaneous deployment to all ALBs Auto Scaling groups and EC2 fleets.

Which architecture will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of configuration?

Options:

A.  

Create a single AWS CodePipeline pipeline that deploys the application in parallel using unique AWS CodeDeploy applications and deployment groups created for each ALB-Auto Scaling group pair.

B.  

Create a single AWS CodePipeline pipeline that deploys the application using a single AWS CodeDeploy application and single deployment group.

C.  

Create a single AWS CodePipeline pipeline that deploys the application in parallel using a single AWS CodeDeploy application and unique deployment group for each ALB-Auto Scaling group pair.

D.  

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline for each ALB-Auto Scaling group pair that deploys the application using an AWS CodeDeploy application and deployment group created for the same ALB-Auto Scaling group pair.

Discussion 0
Questions 92

A company built its serverless infrastructure on AWS. The infrastructure consists of an Amazon API Gateway REST API, multiple AWS Lambda functions, and Amazon EventBridge.

The company wants to be aware of any new supply chain attacks that the company ' s CI/CD pipelines do not catch. The company needs a solution to detect malicious activity in the deployed application.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Enable AWS WAF for the API Gateway REST API. Configure an AWS WAF ACL. Add the known bad inputs managed rule group.

B.  

Enable Amazon GuardDuty. Enable Lambda Protection. Use EventBridge for event notifications.

C.  

Deploy AWS CloudFormation Guard in the CI/CD pipelines. Write rules to catch the supply chain attacks.

D.  

Create a firewall in AWS Network Firewall. Configure a policy. Add the managed rule for the Emerging Threats rule group.

Discussion 0
Questions 93

A company is using AWS Organizations and wants to implement a governance strategy with the following requirements:

    AWS resource access is restricted to the same two Regions for all accounts.

    AWS services are limited to a specific group of authorized services for all accounts.

    Authentication is provided by Active Directory .

    Access permissions are organized by job function and are identical in each account.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Establish an organizational unit (OU) with group policies in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision roles with permissions for each job function, including an IAM trust policy for IAM identity provider authentication in each account.

B.  

Establish a permission boundary in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision roles with permissions for each job function, including an IAM trust policy for IAM identity provider authentication in each account.

C.  

Establish a service control policy in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share management account roles with permissions for each job function, including AWS IAM Identity Center for authentication in each account.

D.  

Establish a service control policy (SCP) in the management account to restrict Regions and authorized services. Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision roles with permissions for each job function, including an IAM trust policy for IAM identity provider authentication in each account.

Discussion 0
Questions 94

A company is building a web application on AWS. The application uses AWS CodeConnections to access a Git repository. The company sets up a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that automatically builds and deploys the application to a staging environment when the company pushes code to the main branch. Bugs and integration issues sometimes occur in the main branch because there is no automated testing integrated into the pipeline.

The company wants to automatically run tests when code merges occur in the Git repository and to prevent deployments from reaching the staging environment if any test fails. Tests can run up to 20 minutes. Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Add an AWS CodeBuild action to the pipeline. Add a buildspec.yml file to the Git repository to define commands to run tests. Configure the pipeline to stop the deployment if a test fails.

B.  

Configure Git webhooks to initiate an AWS Lambda function during each code merge. Configure the Lambda function to run tests programmatically and to stop the pipeline if a test fails.

C.  

Configure AWS Batch to use Docker images of test environments. Integrate AWS Batch into the pipeline. Add an AWS Lambda function to the pipeline that submits the batch jobs and reverts the code merge if a test fails.

D.  

Configure the Git repository to push code to an Amazon S3 bucket during each code merge. Use S3 Event Notifications to initiate tests and to revert the code merge if a test fails.

Discussion 0
Questions 95

A company uses AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeDeploy to deploy application code to Amazon EC2 instances. The EC2 instances send application logs and CodeDeploy logs to Amazon CloudWatch.

Recently, the company manually rolled back a deployment because of application errors. The company wants to automate the rollback process when application errors occur.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a CloudWatch metric based on the application logs. Create a CloudWatch alarm based on the metric that will activate when application errors occur. Change the deployment group settings to use the CloudWatch alarm configuration. Configure the deployment group to use an auto rollback configuration.

B.  

Configure a CloudWatch alarm that uses a custom metric for application errors that are recorded in the CodeDeploy agent logs. Configure the current deployment to use the CloudWatch alarm for its alarm configuration. Configure the deployment to use an auto rollback configuration.

C.  

Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a new deployment by using the last successful application deployment. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches events from CodeDeploy that have a deployment status of FAILURE. Configure the EventBridge rule to target the Lambda function.

D.  

Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a new deployment group for the application deployment. Create a CloudWatch alarm based on metrics from the application logs. Configure the alarm to activate when an application error occurs on an EC2 instance. Configure the CloudWatch alarm to invoke the Lambda function.

Discussion 0
Questions 96

A DevOps team manages an API running on-premises that serves as a backend for an Amazon API Gateway endpoint. Customers have been complaining about high response latencies, which the development team has verified using the API Gateway latency metrics in Amazon CloudWatch. To identify the cause, the team needs to collect relevant data without introducing additional latency.

Which actions should be taken to accomplish this? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Install the CloudWatch agent server side and configure the agent to upload relevant logs to CloudWatch.

B.  

Enable AWS X-Ray tracing in API Gateway, modify the application to capture request segments, and upload those segments to X-Ray during each request.

C.  

Enable AWS X-Ray tracing in API Gateway, modify the application to capture request segments, and use the X-Ray daemon to upload segments to X-Ray.

D.  

Modify the on-premises application to send log information back to API Gateway with each request.

E.  

Modify the on-premises application to calculate and upload statistical data relevant to the API service requests to CloudWatch metrics.

Discussion 0
Questions 97

A company is using AWS CodeDeploy to automate software deployment. The deployment must meet these requirements:

• A number of instances must be available to serve traffic during the deployment Traffic must be balanced across those instances, and the instances must automatically heal in the event of failure.

• A new fleet of instances must be launched for deploying a new revision automatically, with no manual provisioning.

• Traffic must be rerouted to the new environment to half of the new instances at a time. The deployment should succeed if traffic is rerouted to at least half of the instances; otherwise, it should fail.

• Before routing traffic to the new fleet of instances, the temporary files generated during the deployment process must be deleted.

• At the end of a successful deployment, the original instances in the deployment group must be deleted immediately to reduce costs.

How can a DevOps engineer meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use an Application Load Balancer and an in-place deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto Scaling group option. and use CodeDeployDefault.OneAtAtime as the deployment configuration. Instruct AWS CodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, and use the AllowTraffic hook within appspec.yml to delete the temporary files.

B.  

Use an Application Load Balancer and a blue/green deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group and Application Load Balancer target group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto Scaling group option, create a custom deployment configuration with minimum healthy hosts defined as 50%. and assign the configuration to the deployment group. Instruct AWS CodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, an

C.  

Use an Application Load Balancer and a blue/green deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group and the Application Load Balancer target group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto scaling group option, and use CodeDeployDefault.HalfAtAtime as the deployment configuration. Instruct AWSCodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, and use the BeforeAlIowTraffic hook within appspec.yml to delete t

D.  

Use an Application Load Balancer and an in-place deployment. Associate the Auto Scaling group and Application Load Balancer target group with the deployment group. Use the Automatically copy Auto Scaling group option, and use CodeDeployDefaulLAIIatOnce as a deployment configuration. Instruct AWS CodeDeploy to terminate the original instances in the deployment group, and use the BlockTraffic hook within appspec.yml to delete the temporary fi

Discussion 0
Questions 98

A software team is using AWS CodePipeline to automate its Java application release pipeline The pipeline consists of a source stage, then a build stage, and then a deploy stage. Each stage contains a single action that has a runOrder value of 1.

The team wants to integrate unit tests into the existing release pipeline. The team needs a solution that deploys only the code changes that pass all unit tests.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Modify the build stage. Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 1. Use AWS CodeDeploy as the action provider to run unit tests.

B.  

Modify the build stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 2 Use AWS CodeBuild as the action provider to run unit tests

C.  

Modify the deploy stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 1 Use AWS CodeDeploy as the action provider to run unit tests

D.  

Modify the deploy stage Add a test action that has a runOrder value of 2 Use AWS CodeBuild as the action provider to run unit tests

Discussion 0
Questions 99

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. When the application starts up. the application needs to process data from an Amazon S3 bucket before the application can start to serve requests.

The size of the data that is stored in the S3 bucket is growing. When the Auto Scaling group adds new instances, the application now takes several minutes to download and process the data before the application can serve requests. The company must reduce the time that elapses before new EC2 instances are ready to serve requests.

Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to reduce the application startup time?

Options:

A.  

Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Stopped state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

B.  

Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

C.  

Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Running state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

D.  

Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook and to place the new instance in the Standby state when the application is ready to serve requests.

Discussion 0
Questions 100

A DevOps engineer used an AWS Cloud Formation custom resource to set up AD Connector. The AWS Lambda function ran and created AD Connector, but Cloud Formation is not transitioning from CREATE_IN_PROGRESS to CREATE_COMPLETE.

Which action should the engineer take to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.  

Ensure the Lambda function code has exited successfully.

B.  

Ensure the Lambda function code returns a response to the pre-signed URL.

C.  

Ensure the Lambda function IAM role has cloudformation UpdateStack permissions for the stack ARN.

D.  

Ensure the Lambda function IAM role has ds ConnectDirectory permissions for the AWS account.

Discussion 0
Questions 101

A company has containerized all of its in-house quality control applications. The company is running Jenkins on Amazon EC2 instances, which require patching and upgrading. The compliance officer has requested a DevOps engineer begin encrypting build artifacts since they contain company intellectual property.

What should the DevOps engineer do to accomplish this in the MOST maintainable manner?

Options:

A.  

Automate patching and upgrading using AWS Systems Manager on EC2 instances and encrypt Amazon EBS volumes by default.

B.  

Deploy Jenkins to an Amazon ECS cluster and copy build artifacts to an Amazon S3 bucket with default encryption enabled.

C.  

Leverage AWS CodePipeline with a build action and encrypt the artifacts using AWS Secrets Manager.

D.  

Use AWS CodeBuild with artifact encryption to replace the Jenkins instance running on EC2 instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 102

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled to manage multiple AWS accounts. The company has enabled AWS Config in all accounts. The company requires developers to create AWS CloudFormation stacks in a new AWS account to test features for a new application that the developers are building.

The company wants to ensure that the developers can use only approved Amazon EC2 instance types for the application.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Lambda function that returns SUCCESS when the EC2 instance type property matches a value from a list of approved instance types. Activate a CloudFormation Guard Hook in the new AWS account to run the Lambda function.

B.  

Create an AWS Config rule that uses the desired-instance-type rule in the new AWS account. Provide the list of approved instance types in the rule configuration. Create a remediation for the AWS Config rule that uses the AWS-StopEC2Instance remediation action.

C.  

Create an SCP that includes a Deny effect for ec2:RunInstances when the ec2:InstanceType property does not match a value from a list of approved instance types. Attach the SCP to the root of the organization.

D.  

Create a CloudFormation Guard rule to ensure that the EC2 instance type matches a value from a list of approved instance types. Activate a Guard Hook in the new AWS account to run the Guard rule.

Discussion 0
Questions 103

A company deploys a web application on Amazon EC2 instances that are behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company stores the application code in an AWS CodeCommit repository. When code is merged to the main branch, an AWS Lambda function invokes an AWS CodeBuild project. The CodeBuild project packages the code, stores the packaged code in AWS CodeArtifact, and invokes AWS Systems Manager Run Command to deploy the packaged code to the EC2 instances.

Previous deployments have resulted in defects, EC2 instances that are not running the latest version of the packaged code, and inconsistencies between instances.

Which combination of actions should a DevOps engineer take to implement a more reliable deployment solution? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that uses the CodeCommit repository as a source provider. Configure pipeline stages that run the CodeBuild project in parallel to build and test the application. In the pipeline, pass the CodeBuild project output artifact to an AWS CodeDeploy action.

B.  

Create a pipeline in AWS CodePipeline that uses the CodeCommit repository as a source provider. Create separate pipeline stages that run a CodeBuild project to build and then test the application. In the pipeline, pass the CodeBuild project output artifact to an AWS CodeDeploy action.

C.  

Create an AWS CodeDeploy application and a deployment group to deploy the packaged code to the EC2 instances. Configure the ALB for the deployment group.

D.  

Create individual Lambda functions that use AWS CodeDeploy instead of Systems Manager to run build, test, and deploy actions.

E.  

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Modify the CodeBuild project to store the packages in the S3 bucket instead of in CodeArtifact. Use deploy actions in CodeDeploy to deploy the artifact to the EC2 instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 104

A company requires that its internally facing web application be highly available. The architecture is made up of one Amazon EC2 web server instance and one NAT instance that provides outbound internet access for updates and accessing public data.

Which combination of architecture adjustments should the company implement to achieve high availability? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Add the NAT instance to an EC2 Auto Scaling group that spans multiple Availability Zones. Update the route tables.

B.  

Create additional EC2 instances spanning multiple Availability Zones. Add an Application Load Balancer to split the load between them.

C.  

Configure an Application Load Balancer in front of the EC2 instance. Configure Amazon CloudWatch alarms to recover the EC2 instance upon host failure.

D.  

Replace the NAT instance with a NAT gateway in each Availability Zone. Update the route tables.

E.  

Replace the NAT instance with a NAT gateway that spans multiple Availability Zones. Update the route tables.

Discussion 0
Questions 105

A DevOps engineer is researching the least expensive way to implement an image batch processing cluster on AWS. The application cannot run in Docker containers and must run on Amazon EC2. The batch job stores checkpoint data on an NFS volume and can tolerate interruptions. Configuring the cluster software from a generic EC2 Linux image takes 30 minutes.

What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon EFS (or checkpoint data. To complete the job, use an EC2 Auto Scaling group and an On-Demand pricing model to provision EC2 instances temporally.

B.  

Use GlusterFS on EC2 instances for checkpoint data. To run the batch job configure EC2 instances manually When the job completes shut down the instances manually.

C.  

Use Amazon EFS for checkpoint data Use EC2 Fleet to launch EC2 Spot Instances and utilize user data to configure the EC2 Linux instance on startup.

D.  

Use Amazon EFS for checkpoint data Use EC2 Fleet to launch EC2 Spot Instances Create a custom AMI for the cluster and use the latest AMI when creating instances.

Discussion 0
Questions 106

A company has developed an AWS Lambda function that handles orders received through an API. The company is using AWS CodeDeploy to deploy the Lambda function as the final stage of a CI/CD pipeline.

A DevOps engineer has noticed there are intermittent failures of the ordering API for a few seconds after deployment. After some investigation the DevOps engineer believes the failures are due to database changes not having fully propagated before the Lambda function is invoked

How should the DevOps engineer overcome this?

Options:

A.  

Add a BeforeAllowTraffic hook to the AppSpec file that tests and waits for any necessary database changes before traffic can flow to the new version of the Lambda function.

B.  

Add an AfterAlIowTraffic hook to the AppSpec file that forces traffic to wait for any pending database changes before allowing the new version of the Lambda function to respond.

C.  

Add a BeforeAllowTraffic hook to the AppSpec file that tests and waits for any necessary database changes before deploying the new version of the Lambda function.

D.  

Add a validateService hook to the AppSpec file that inspects incoming traffic and rejects the payload if dependent services such as the database are not yet ready.

Discussion 0
Questions 107

A company frequently creates Docker images of an application. The company stores the images in Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) . The company creates both tagged images and untagged images.

The company wants to implement a solution to automatically delete images that have not been updated for a long time and are not frequently used. The solution must retain at least a specified number of images.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead ?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon S3 Lifecycle policies on the ECR repository to automatically delete images based on image age or the absence of tags on the image.

B.  

Use Amazon ECR lifecycle policies to delete images based on age or the number of images that need to be retained in the repository.

C.  

Configure an AWS Lambda function to run on a schedule to delete images based on age or the number of images that need to be retained in the repository.

D.  

Use AWS Systems Manager to run a script by using the aws:executeScript action to automatically delete images based on image age or the absence of tags on the image.

Discussion 0
Questions 108

A company wants to set up a continuous delivery pipeline. The company stores application code in a private GitHub repository. The company needs to deploy the application components to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Amazon EC2, and AWS Lambda. The pipeline must support manual approval actions.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS CodePipeline with Amazon ECS. Amazon EC2, and Lambda as deploy providers.

B.  

Use AWS CodePipeline with AWS CodeDeploy as the deploy provider.

C.  

Use AWS CodePipeline with AWS Elastic Beanstalk as the deploy provider.

D.  

Use AWS CodeDeploy with GitHub integration to deploy the application.

Discussion 0
Questions 109

A company wants to build a pipeline to update the standard AMI monthly. The AMI must be updated to use the most recent patches to ensure that launched Amazon EC2 instances are up to date. Each new AMI must be available to all AWS accounts in the company ' s organization in AWS Organizations.

The company needs to configure an automated pipeline to build the AMI.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses AWS CodeBuild. Create an AWS Lambda function to run the pipeline every month. Create an AWS CloudFormation template. Share the template with all AWS accounts in the organization.

B.  

Create an AMI pipeline by using EC2 Image Builder. Configure the pipeline to distribute the AMI to the AWS accounts in the organization. Configure the pipeline to run monthly.

C.  

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that runs an AWS Lambda function to build the AMI. Configure the pipeline to share the AMI with the AWS accounts in the organization. Configure Amazon EventBridge Scheduler to invoke the pipeline every month.

D.  

Create an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook. Configure the automation to run in all AWS accounts in the organization. Create an AWS Lambda function to run the automation every month.

Discussion 0
Questions 110

A company is reviewing its 1AM policies. One policy written by the DevOps engineer has been (lagged as too permissive. The policy is used by an AWS Lambda function that issues a stop command to Amazon EC2 instances tagged with Environment: NonProduccion over the weekend. The current policy is:

What changes should the engineer make to achieve a policy ot least permission? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Option A

B.  

option B

C.  

option C

D.  

option D

E.  

Option E

F.  

Option F

Discussion 0
Questions 111

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company ' s DevOps team has developed an AWS Lambda function that calls the Organizations API to create new AWS accounts.

The Lambda function runs in the organization ' s management account. The DevOps team needs to move the Lambda function from the management account to a dedicated AWS account. The DevOps team must ensure that the Lambda function has the ability to create new AWS accounts only in Organizations before the team deploys the Lambda function to the new account.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

In the management account, create a new IAM role that has the necessary permission to create new accounts in Organizations. Allow the role to be assumed by the Lambda execution role in the new AWS account. Update the Lambda function code to assume the role when the Lambda function creates new AWS accounts. Update the Lambda execution role to ensure that it has permission to assume the new role.

B.  

In the management account, turn on delegated administration for Organizations. Create a new delegation policy that grants the new AWS account permission to create new AWS accounts in Organizations. Ensure that the Lambda execution role has the organizations:CreateAccount permission.

C.  

In the management account, create a new IAM role that has the necessary permission to create new accounts in Organizations. Allow the role to be assumed by the Lambda service principal. Update the Lambda function code to assume the role when the Lambda function creates new AWS accounts. Update the Lambda execution role to ensure that it has permission to assume the new role.

D.  

In the management account, enable AWS Control Tower. Turn on delegated administration for AWS Control Tower. Create a resource policy that allows the new AWS account to create new AWS accounts in AWS Control Tower. Update the Lambda function code to use the AWS Control Tower API in the new AWS account. Ensure that the Lambda execution role has the controltower:CreateManagedAccount permission.

Discussion 0
Questions 112

A DevOps engineer wants to find a solution to migrate an application from on premises to AWS The application is running on Linux and needs to run on specific versions of Apache Tomcat HAProxy and Varnish Cache to function properly. The application ' s operating system-level parameters require tuning The solution must include a way to automate the deployment of new application versions. The infrastructure should be scalable and faulty servers should be replaced automatically.

Which solution should the DevOps engineer use?

Options:

A.  

Upload the application as a Docker image that contains all the necessary software to Amazon ECR Create an Amazon ECS cluster using an AWS Fargate launch type and an Auto Scaling group. Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses Amazon ECR as a source and Amazon ECS as a deployment provider

B.  

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with a saved configuration file to configure and install the software Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk web server tier and a load balanced-type environment that uses the Tomcat solution stack Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and Elastic Beanstalk as a deployment provider

C.  

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with a set of ebextensions files to configure and install the software. Create an AWS Elastic Beanstalk worker tier environment that uses the Tomcat solution stack Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and Elastic Beanstalk as a deployment provider

D.  

Upload the application code to an AWS CodeCommit repository with an appspec.yml file to configure and install the necessary software. Create an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group associated with an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that uses CodeCommit as a source and CodeDeploy as a deployment provider

Discussion 0
Questions 113

A company is migrating its web application to AWS. The application uses WebSocket connections for real-time updates and requires sticky sessions.

A DevOps engineer must implement a highly available architecture for the application. The application must be accessible to users worldwide with the least possible latency.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Deploy another ALB in a different AWS Region. Enable cross-zone load balancing and sticky sessions on the ALBs. Integrate the ALBs with Amazon Route 53 latency-based routing.

B.  

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Deploy another NLB in a different AWS Region. Enable cross-zone load balancing and sticky sessions on the NLBs. Integrate the NLBs with Amazon Route 53 geolocation routing.

C.  

Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) with cross-zone load balancing enabled. Configure the NLB with IP-based targets in multiple Availability Zones. Use Amazon CloudFront for global content delivery. Implement sticky sessions by using source IP address preservation on the NLB.

D.  

Deploy an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for HTTP traffic. Deploy a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in each of the company ' s AWS Regions for WebSocket connections. Enable sticky sessions on the ALB. Configure the ALB to forward requests to the NLB.

Discussion 0
Questions 114

A company uses AWS and has a VPC that contains critical compute infrastructure with predictable traffic patterns. The company has configured VPC flow logs that are published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

The company ' s DevOps team needs to configure a monitoring solution for the VPC flow logs to identify anomalies in network traffic to the VPC over time. If the monitoring solution detects an anomaly, the company needs the ability to initiate a response to the anomaly.

How should the DevOps team configure the monitoring solution to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Subscribe the log group to the data stream. Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to detect log anomalies in the data stream. Create anAWS Lambda function to use as the output of the data stream. Configure the Lambda function to write to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus in the event of an anomaly finding.

B.  

Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that delivers events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Subscribe the log group to the delivery stream. Configure Amazon Lookout for Metrics to monitor the data in the S3 bucket for anomalies. Create an AWS Lambda function to run in response to Lookout for Metrics anomaly findings. Configure the Lambda function to publish to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus.

C.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to detect anomalies. Configure the Lambda function to publish an event to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus if the Lambda function detects an anomaly. Subscribe the Lambda function to the log group.

D.  

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Subscribe the log group to the data stream. Create an AWS Lambda function to detect log anomalies. Configure the Lambda function to write to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus if the Lambda function detects an anomaly. Set the Lambda function as the processor for the data stream.

Discussion 0
Questions 115

A company is using AWS to run digital workloads. Each application team in the company has its own AWS account for application hosting. The accounts are consolidated in an organization in AWS Organizations.

The company wants to enforce security standards across the entire organization. To avoid noncompliance because of security misconfiguration, the company has enforced the use of AWS CloudFormation. A production support team can modify resources in the production environment by using the AWS Management Console to troubleshoot and resolve application-related issues.

A DevOps engineer must implement a solution to identify in near real time any AWS service misconfiguration that results in noncompliance. The solution must automatically remediate the issue within 15 minutes of identification. The solution also must track noncompliant resources and events in a centralized dashboard with accurate timestamps.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development overhead?

Options:

A.  

Use CloudFormation drift detection to identify noncompliant resources. Use drift detection events from CloudFormation to invoke an AWS Lambda function for remediation. Configure the Lambda function to publish logs to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard to use the log group for tracking.

B.  

Turn on AWS CloudTrail in the AWS accounts. Analyze CloudTrail logs by using Amazon Athena to identify noncompliant resources. Use AWS Step Functions to track query results on Athena for drift detection and to invoke an AWS Lambda function for remediation. For tracking, set up an Amazon QuickSight dashboard that uses Athena as the data source.

C.  

Turn on the configuration recorder in AWS Config in all the AWS accounts to identify noncompliant resources. Enable AWS Security Hub with the ~no-enable-default-standards option in all the AWS accounts. Set up AWS Config managed rules and custom rules. Set up automatic remediation by using AWS Config conformance packs. For tracking, set up a dashboard on Security Hub in a designated Security Hub administrator account.

D.  

Turn on AWS CloudTrail in the AWS accounts. Analyze CloudTrail logs by using Amazon CloudWatch Logs to identify noncompliant resources. Use CloudWatch Logs filters for drift detection. Use Amazon EventBridge to invoke the Lambda function for remediation. Stream filtered CloudWatch logs to Amazon OpenSearch Service. Set up a dashboard on OpenSearch Service for tracking.

Discussion 0
Questions 116

A company has a file-reading application that saves files to a database running on Amazon EC2 instances. Regulations require daily file deletions from EC2 instances and deletion of database records older than 60 days. Database record deletion must occur after file deletion. The company needs email notifications for any deletion script failures.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to automatically invoke an Automation document at the specified time daily. Configure the Automation document to run deletion scripts sequentially via run command. Create an EventBridge rule to send failure notifications to Amazon SNS.

B.  

Use AWS Systems Manager State Manager to automatically invoke an Automation document at the specified time daily. Configure the Automation document to run deletion scripts sequentially. Add a conditional check for errors as the last step and send failure notifications via Amazon SES.

C.  

Create an EventBridge rule to invoke a Lambda function at the specified time. Configure the Lambda function to run deletion scripts sequentially and send failure notifications via SNS.

D.  

Create an EventBridge rule to invoke a Lambda function at the specified time. Configure the Lambda function to run deletion scripts sequentially and send failure notifications via SES.

Discussion 0
Questions 117

A company operates sensitive workloads across the AWS accounts that are in the company ' s organization in AWS Organizations The company uses an IP address range to delegate IP addresses for Amazon VPC CIDR blocks and all non-cloud hardware.

The company needs a solution that prevents principals that are outside the company ' s IP address range from performing AWS actions In the organization ' s accounts

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Configure AWS Firewall Manager for the organization. Create an AWS Network Firewall policy that allows only source traffic from the company ' s IP address range Set the policy scope to all accounts in the organization.

B.  

In Organizations, create an SCP that denies source IP addresses that are outside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization ' s root

C.  

Configure Amazon GuardDuty for the organization. Create a GuardDuty trusted IP address list for the company ' s IP range Activate the trusted IP list for the organization.

D.  

In Organizations, create an SCP that allows source IP addresses that are inside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization ' s root.

Discussion 0
Questions 118

A company hosts applications in its AWS account Each application logs to an individual Amazon CloudWatch log group. The company’s CloudWatch costs for ingestion are increasing

A DevOps engineer needs to Identify which applications are the source of the increased logging costs.

Which solution Will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use CloudWatch metrics to create a custom expression that Identifies the CloudWatch log groups that have the most data being written to them.

B.  

Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to create a set of queries for the application log groups to Identify the number of logs written for a period of time

C.  

Use AWS Cost Explorer to generate a cost report that details the cost for CloudWatch usage

D.  

Use AWS CloudTrail to filter for CreateLogStream events for each application

Discussion 0
Questions 119

A DevOps engineer needs to apply a core set of security controls to an existing set of AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Individual teams will administer individual accounts by using the AdministratorAccess AWS managed policy. For all accounts. AWS CloudTrail and AWS Config must be turned on in all available AWS Regions. Individual account administrators must not be able to edit or delete any of the baseline resources. However, individual account administrators must be able to edit or delete their own CloudTrail trails and AWS Config rules.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the standard account resources. Deploy the template to all accounts from the organization ' s management account by using CloudFormation StackSets. Set the stack policy to deny Update:Delete actions.

B.  

Enable AWS Control Tower. Enroll the existing accounts in AWS Control Tower. Grant the individual account administrators access to CloudTrail and AWS Config.

C.  

Designate an AWS Config management account. Create AWS Config recorders in all accounts by using AWS CloudFormation StackSets. Deploy AWS Config rules to the organization by using the AWS Config management account. Create a CloudTrail organization trail in the organization’s management account. Deny modification or deletion of the AWS Config recorders by using an SCP.

D.  

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines the standard account resources. Deploy the template to all accounts from the organization ' s management account by using Cloud Formation StackSets Create an SCP that prevents updates or deletions to CloudTrail resources or AWS Config resources unless the principal is an administrator of the organization ' s management account.

Discussion 0
Questions 120

A company used a lift-and-shift strategy to migrate a workload to AWS. The company has an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances. Each EC2 instance runs a web application, a database, and a Redis cache.

Users are experiencing large variations in the web application ' s response times. Requests to the web application go to a single EC2 instance that is under significant load. The company wants to separate the application components to improve availability and performance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a Network Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora Serverless database. Create an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the Redis cache.

B.  

Create an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora database that has a Multi-AZ deployment. Create a Network Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group in a single Availability Zone for the Redis cache.

C.  

Create a Network Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora Serverless database. Create an Amazon ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster for the cache. Create a target group that has a DNS target type that contains the ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster hostname.

D.  

Create an Application Load Balancer and an Auto Scaling group for the web application. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora database that has a Multi-AZ deployment. Create an Amazon ElastiCache (Redis OSS) cluster for the cache.

Discussion 0
Questions 121

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. A DevOps engineer must ensure that all users who access the AWS Management Console are authenticated through the company ' s corporate identity provider (IdP).

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon GuardDuty with a delegated administrator account. Use GuardDuty to enforce denial of 1AM user logins

B.  

Use AWS 1AM Identity Center to configure identity federation with SAML 2.0.

C.  

Create a permissions boundary in AWS 1AM Identity Center to deny password logins for 1AM users.

D.  

Create 1AM groups in the Organizations management account to apply consistent permissions for all 1AM users.

E.  

Create an SCP in Organizations to deny password creation for 1AM users.

Discussion 0
Questions 122

A company runs hundreds of EC2 instances with new instances launched/terminated hourly. Security requires all running instances to have an instance profile attached. A default profile exists and must be attached automatically to any instance missing one.

Which solution meets this requirement?

Options:

A.  

EventBridge rule for RunInstances API calls, invoke Lambda to attach default profile.

B.  

AWS Config with ec2-instance-profile-attached managed rule, automatic remediation using Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach profile.

C.  

EventBridge rule for StartInstances API calls, invoke Systems Manager Automation runbook to attach profile.

D.  

AWS Config iam-role-managed-policy-check managed rule, automatic remediation with Lambda to attach profile.

Discussion 0
Questions 123

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company ' s automation account contains a CI/CD pipeline that creates and configures new AWS accounts.

The company has a group of internal service teams that provide services to accounts in the organization. The service teams operate out of a set of services accounts. The service teams want to receive an AWS CloudTrail event in their services accounts when the CreateAccount API call creates a new account.

How should the company share this CloudTrail event with the service accounts?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in the automation account to send account creation events to the default event bus in the services accounts. Update the default event bus in the services accounts to allow events from the automation account.

B.  

Create a custom Amazon EventBridge event bus in the services accounts. Update the custom event bus to allow events from the automation account. Create an EventBridge rule in the services account that directly listens to CloudTrail events from the automation account.

C.  

Create a custom Amazon EventBridge event bus in the automation account and the services accounts. Create an EventBridge rule and policy that connects the custom event buses that are in the automation account and the services accounts.

D.  

Create a custom Amazon EventBridge event bus in the automation account. Create an EventBridge rule and policy that connects the custom event bus to the default event buses in the services accounts.

Discussion 0
Questions 124

A company manages AWS accounts for application teams in AWS Control Tower. Individual application teams are responsible for securing their respective AWS accounts.

A DevOps engineer needs to enable Amazon GuardDuty for all AWS accounts in which the application teams have not already enabled GuardDuty. The DevOps engineer is using AWS CloudFormation StackSets from the AWS Control Tower management account.

How should the DevOps engineer configure the CloudFormation template to prevent failure during the StackSets deployment?

Options:

A.  

Create a CloudFormation custom resource that invokes an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to conditionally enable GuardDuty if GuardDuty is not already enabled in the accounts.

B.  

Use the Conditions section of the CloudFormation template to enable GuardDuty in accounts where GuardDuty is not already enabled.

C.  

Use the CloudFormation Fn. GetAtt intrinsic function to check whether GuardDuty is already enabled If GuardDuty is not already enabled use the Resources section of the CloudFormation template to enable GuardDuty.

D.  

Manually discover the list of AWS account IDs where GuardDuty is not enabled Use the CloudFormation Fn: ImportValue intrinsic function to import the list of account IDs into the CloudFormation template to skip deployment for the listed AWS accounts.

Discussion 0
Questions 125

A DevOps engineer manages a company ' s Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster. The cluster runs on several Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The DevOps

engineer must implement a solution that logs and reviews all stopped tasks for errors.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to capture task state changes. Send the event to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to investigate stopped tasks.

B.  

Configure tasks to write log data in the embedded metric format. Store the logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Monitor the ContainerInstanceCount metric for changes.

C.  

Configure the EC2 instances to store logs in Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Create a CloudWatch Contributor Insights rule that uses the EC2 instance log data. Use the Contributor Insights rule to investigate stopped tasks.

D.  

Configure an EC2 Auto Scaling lifecycle hook for the EC2_INSTANCE_TERMINATING scale-in event. Write the SystemEventLog file to Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena to query the log file for errors.

Discussion 0
Questions 126

A company runs an application for multiple environments in a single AWS account. An AWS CodePipeline pipeline uses a development Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster to test an image from an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. The pipeline promotes the image to a production ECS cluster.

The company needs to move the production cluster into a separate AWS account in the same AWS Region. The production cluster must be able to download the images over a private connection.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon ECR VPC endpoints and an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint. In the separate AWS account, create an ECR repository. Set the repository policy to allow the production ECS tasks to pull images from the main AWS account. Configure the production ECS task execution role to have permission to download the image from the ECR repository.

B.  

Set a policy on the production ECR repository in the main AWS account. Configure the repository policy to allow the production ECS tasks in the separate AWS account to pull images from the main account. Configure the production ECS task execution role to have permission to download the image from the ECR repository.

C.  

Configure ECR private image replication in the main AWS account. Activate cross-account replication. Define the destination account ID of the separate AWS account.

D.  

Use Amazon ECR VPC endpoints and an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint. Set a repository policy on the ECR repository in the main AWS account. Configure the repository policy to allow the production ECS tasks in the separate AWS account to pull images from the main account. Configure the production ECS task execution role to have permission to download the image from the ECR repository.

Discussion 0
Questions 127

A company is refactoring applications to use AWS. The company identifies an internal web application that needs to make Amazon S3 API calls in a specific AWS account.

The company wants to use its existing identity provider (IdP) auth.company.com for authentication. The IdP supports only OpenID Connect (OIDC). A DevOps engineer needs to secure the web application ' s access to the AWS account.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.  

Configure AWS 1AM Identity Center. Configure an IdP. Upload the IdP metadata from the existing IdP.

B.  

Create an 1AM IdP by using the provider URL, audience, and signature from the existing IdP.

C.  

Create an 1AM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role ' s trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the sts.amazon.conraud context key is appid from idp.

D.  

Create an 1AM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role ' s trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the auth.company.com:aud context key is appid_from_idp.

E.  

Configure the web application lo use the AssumeRoleWith Web Identity API operation to retrieve temporary credentials. Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls.

F.  

Configure the web application to use the GetFederationToken API operation to retrieve temporary credentials Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls.

Discussion 0
Questions 128

A company runs an application on Amazon EC2 instances. The company uses a series of AWS CloudFormation stacks to define the application resources. A developer performs updates by building and testing the application on a laptop and then uploading the build output and CloudFormation stack templates to Amazon S3. The developer ' s peers review the changes before the developer performs the CloudFormation stack update and installs a new version of the application onto the EC2 instances.

The deployment process is prone to errors and is time-consuming when the developer updates each EC2 instance with the new application. The company wants to automate as much of the application deployment process as possible while retaining a final manual approval step before the modification of the application or resources.

The company already has moved the source code for the application and the CloudFormation templates to AWS CodeCommit. The company also has created an AWS CodeBuild project to build and test the application.

Which combination of steps will meet the company’s requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Create an application group and a deployment group in AWS CodeDeploy. Install the CodeDeploy agent on the EC2 instances.

B.  

Create an application revision and a deployment group in AWS CodeDeploy. Create an environment in CodeDeploy. Register the EC2 instances to the CodeDeploy environment.

C.  

Use AWS CodePipeline to invoke the CodeBuild job, run the CloudFormation update, and pause for a manual approval step. After approval, start the AWS CodeDeploy deployment.

D.  

Use AWS CodePipeline to invoke the CodeBuild job, create CloudFormation change sets for each of the application stacks, and pause for a manual approval step. After approval, run the CloudFormation change sets and start the AWS CodeDeploy deployment.

E.  

Use AWS CodePipeline to invoke the CodeBuild job, create CloudFormation change sets for each of the application stacks, and pause for a manual approval step. After approval, start the AWS CodeDeploy deployment.

Discussion 0
Questions 129

A DevOps engineer has implemented a Cl/CO pipeline to deploy an AWS Cloud Format ion template that provisions a web application. The web application consists of an Application Load Balancer (ALB) a target group, a launch template that uses an Amazon Linux 2 AMI an Auto Scaling group of Amazon EC2 instances, a security group and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database The launch template includes user data that specifies a script to install and start the application.

The initial deployment of the application was successful. The DevOps engineer made changes to update the version of the application with the user data. The CI/CD pipeline has deployed a new version of the template However, the health checks on the ALB are now failing The health checks have marked all targets as unhealthy.

During investigation the DevOps engineer notices that the Cloud Formation stack has a status of UPDATE_COMPLETE. However, when the DevOps engineer connects to one of the EC2 instances and checks /varar/log messages, the DevOps engineer notices that the Apache web server failed to start successfully because of a configuration error

How can the DevOps engineer ensure that the CloudFormation deployment will fail if the user data fails to successfully finish running?

Options:

A.  

Use the cfn-signal helper script to signal success or failure to CloudFormation Use the WaitOnResourceSignals update policy within the CloudFormation template Set an appropriate timeout for the update policy.

B.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the UnhealthyHostCount metric. Include an appropriate alarm threshold for the target group Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target to signal success or failure to CloudFormation

C.  

Create a lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group by using the AWS AutoScaling LifecycleHook resource Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the target to signal success or failure to CloudFormation Set an appropriate timeout on the lifecycle hook.

D.  

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to stream the cloud-init logs Create a subscription filter that includes an AWS Lambda function with an appropriate invocation timeout Configure the Lambda function to use the SignalResource API operation to signal success or failure to CloudFormation.

Discussion 0
Questions 130

A company deploys an application to Amazon EC2 instances. The application runs Amazon Linux 2 and uses AWS CodeDeploy. The application has the following file structure for its code repository:

appspec.yml

config/config.txt application/web

The appspec yml file has the following contents in the files section

files:

- source: config/config.txt

destination: /usr/local/src/config.txt

- source: /

destination: /var/www/html

The appspec.yml file has the following contents in the files section:

What will the result be for the deployment of the config.txt file?

Options:

A.  

The config.txt file will be deployed to only /var/www/html/config/config txt

B.  

The config.txt file will be deployed to /usr/local/src/config.txt and to /var/www/html/config/config txt.

C.  

The config.txt file will be deployed to only /usr/local/src/config txt

D.  

The config txt file will be deployed to /usr/local/src/config.txt and to /var/www/html/application/web/config txt

Discussion 0