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AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate (DEA-C01) Question and Answers

AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate (DEA-C01)

Last Update Jul 26, 2026
Total Questions : 302

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Questions 1

A company stores time-series data that is collected from streaming services in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company must ensure that only workloads that are deployed within the company ' s VPC can access the data.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Create an S3 bucket policy that uses a condition to allow access only to traffic that originates from the company ' s VPC.

B.  

Apply a security group to the S3 bucket that allows connections only from the company ' s VPC CIDR block.

C.  

Define an IAM policy that denies access to all users unless the request originates from within the company ' s VP

C.  

D.  

Use a network ACL on the VPC subnets to allow only specific resources to access the S3 bucket.

Discussion 0
Questions 2

A company is migrating on-premises workloads to AWS. The company wants to reduce overall operational overhead. The company also wants to explore serverless options.

The company ' s current workloads use Apache Pig, Apache Oozie, Apache Spark, Apache Hbase, and Apache Flink. The on-premises workloads process petabytes of data in seconds. The company must maintain similar or better performance after the migration to AWS.

Which extract, transform, and load (ETL) service will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

AWS Glue

B.  

Amazon EMR

C.  

AWS Lambda

D.  

Amazon Redshift

Discussion 0
Questions 3

A company stores data from an application in an Amazon DynamoDB table that operates in provisioned capacity mode. The workloads of the application have predictable throughput load on a regular schedule. Every Monday, there is an immediate increase in activity early in the morning. The application has very low usage during weekends.

The company must ensure that the application performs consistently during peak usage times.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST cost-effective way?

Options:

A.  

Increase the provisioned capacity to the maximum capacity that is currently present during peak load times.

B.  

Divide the table into two tables. Provision each table with half of the provisioned capacity of the original table. Spread queries evenly across both tables.

C.  

Use AWS Application Auto Scaling to schedule higher provisioned capacity for peak usage times. Schedule lower capacity during off-peak times.

D.  

Change the capacity mode from provisioned to on-demand. Configure the table to scale up and scale down based on the load on the table.

Discussion 0
Questions 4

A global company currently uses Amazon Redshift to store data and Amazon Quick Suite (previously known as Amazon QuickSight) to generate reports.

A team of business analysts have varying levels of technical expertise. Some analysts lack SQL knowledge. All the analysts need to create new reports frequently. The company wants to use natural program language queries to create dashboards and reports more efficiently.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.  

Use Quick Suite dashboards that have zero-ETL access to Amazon Redshift.

B.  

Enable Amazon Q in Quick Suite. Generate Quick Suite dashboards and reports.

C.  

Integrate Tableau with Amazon Redshift to give Tableau direct access to the data.

D.  

Use Quick Suite dashboards that have federated query access to Amazon Redshift.

Discussion 0
Questions 5

A retail company is expanding its operations globally. The company needs to use Amazon QuickSight to accurately calculate currency exchange rates for financial reports. The company has an existing dashboard that includes a visual that is based on an analysis of a dataset that contains global currency values and exchange rates.

A data engineer needs to ensure that exchange rates are calculated with a precision of four decimal places. The calculations must be precomputed. The data engineer must materialize results in QuickSight super-fast, parallel, in-memory calculation engine (SPICE).

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Define and create the calculated field in the dataset.

B.  

Define and create the calculated field in the analysis.

C.  

Define and create the calculated field in the visual.

D.  

Define and create the calculated field in the dashboard.

Discussion 0
Questions 6

A company loads transaction data for each day into Amazon Redshift tables at the end of each day. The company wants to have the ability to track which tables have been loaded and which tables still need to be loaded.

A data engineer wants to store the load statuses of Redshift tables in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data engineer creates an AWS Lambda function to publish the details of the load statuses to DynamoDB.

How should the data engineer invoke the Lambda function to write load statuses to the DynamoDB table?

Options:

A.  

Use a second Lambda function to invoke the first Lambda function based on Amazon CloudWatch events.

B.  

Use the Amazon Redshift Data API to publish an event to Amazon EventBridqe. Configure an EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function.

C.  

Use the Amazon Redshift Data API to publish a message to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Configure the SQS queue to invoke the Lambda function.

D.  

Use a second Lambda function to invoke the first Lambda function based on AWS CloudTrail events.

Discussion 0
Questions 7

A company wants to analyze sales records that the company stores in a MySQL database. The company wants to correlate the records with sales opportunities identified by Salesforce.

The company receives 2 GB erf sales records every day. The company has 100 GB of identified sales opportunities. A data engineer needs to develop a process that will analyze and correlate sales records and sales opportunities. The process must run once each night.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) to fetch both datasets. Use AWS Lambda functions to correlate the datasets. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the process.

B.  

Use Amazon AppFlow to fetch sales opportunities from Salesforce. Use AWS Glue to fetch sales records from the MySQL database. Correlate the sales records with the sales opportunities. Use Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) to orchestrate the process.

C.  

Use Amazon AppFlow to fetch sales opportunities from Salesforce. Use AWS Glue to fetch sales records from the MySQL database. Correlate the sales records with sales opportunities. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the process.

D.  

Use Amazon AppFlow to fetch sales opportunities from Salesforce. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to fetch sales records from the MySQL database. Use Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink to correlate the datasets. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the process.

Discussion 0
Questions 8

A data engineer uses AWS Lake Formation to manage access to data that is stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer configures an AWS Glue crawler to discover data at a specific file location in the bucket, s3://examplepath. The crawler execution fails with the following error:

" The S3 location: s3://examplepath is not registered. "

The data engineer needs to resolve the error.

Options:

A.  

Attach an appropriate IAM policy to the IAM role of the AWS Glue crawler to grant the crawler permission to read the S3 location.

B.  

Register the S3 location in Lake Formation to allow the crawler to access the data.

C.  

Create a new AWS Glue database. Assign the correct permissions to the database for the crawler.

D.  

Configure the S3 bucket policy to allow cross-account access.

Discussion 0
Questions 9

A company has a frontend ReactJS website that uses Amazon API Gateway to invoke REST APIs. The APIs perform the functionality of the website. A data engineer needs to write a Python script that can be occasionally invoked through API Gateway. The code must return results to API Gateway.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Deploy a custom Python script on an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster.

B.  

Create an AWS Lambda Python function with provisioned concurrency.

C.  

Deploy a custom Python script that can integrate with API Gateway on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS).

D.  

Create an AWS Lambda function. Ensure that the function is warm by scheduling an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function every 5 minutes by using mock events.

Discussion 0
Questions 10

A retail company needs to implement a solution to capture data updates from multiple Amazon Aurora MySQL databases. The company needs to make the updates available for analytics in near real time. The solution must be serverless and require minimal maintenance.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Set up AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) tasks that perform schema conversions for each database. Load the changes into Amazon Redshift Serverless.

B.  

Use Amazon Managed Streaming for Apache Kafka (Amazon MSK) Connect with Debezium connectors to load data into Amazon Redshift Serverless.

C.  

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to set up binary log replication to Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Load the data into Amazon Redshift Serverless after schema conversion.

D.  

Use Aurora zero-ETL integrations with Amazon Redshift Serverless for each database to load Aurora MySQL changes in Amazon Redshift Serverless.

Discussion 0
Questions 11

A data engineer needs to create an Amazon Athena table based on a subset of data from an existing Athena table named cities_world. The cities_world table contains cities that are located around the world. The data engineer must create a new table named cities_us to contain only the cities from cities_world that are located in the US.

Which SQL statement should the data engineer use to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Option A

B.  

Option B

C.  

Option C

D.  

Option D

Discussion 0
Questions 12

A company hosts its applications on Amazon EC2 instances. The company must use SSL/TLS connections that encrypt data in transit to communicate securely with AWS infrastructure that is managed by a customer.

A data engineer needs to implement a solution to simplify the generation, distribution, and rotation of digital certificates. The solution must automatically renew and deploy SSL/TLS certificates.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Store self-managed certificates on the EC2 instances.

B.  

Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM).

C.  

Implement custom automation scripts in AWS Secrets Manager.

D.  

Use Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) Service Connect.

Discussion 0
Questions 13

A company has an Amazon Redshift data warehouse that users access by using a variety of IAM roles. More than 100 users access the data warehouse every day.

The company wants to control user access to the objects based on each user ' s job role, permissions, and how sensitive the data is.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use the role-based access control (RBAC) feature of Amazon Redshift.

B.  

Use the row-level security (RLS) feature of Amazon Redshift.

C.  

Use the column-level security (CLS) feature of Amazon Redshift.

D.  

Use dynamic data masking policies in Amazon Redshift.

Discussion 0
Questions 14

A company maintains a data warehouse in an on-premises Oracle database. The company wants to build a data lake on AWS. The company wants to load data warehouse tables into Amazon S3 and synchronize the tables with incremental data that arrives from the data warehouse every day.

Each table has a column that contains monotonically increasing values. The size of each table is less than 50 GB. The data warehouse tables are refreshed every night between 1 AM and 2 AM. A business intelligence team queries the tables between 10 AM and 8 PM every day.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.  

Use an AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) full load plus CDC job to load tables that contain monotonically increasing data columns from the on-premises data warehouse to Amazon S3. Use custom logic in AWS Glue to append the daily incremental data to a full-load copy that is in Amazon S3.

B.  

Use an AWS Glue Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) connection. Configure a job bookmark for a column that contains monotonically increasing values. Write custom logic to append the daily incremental data to a full-load copy that is in Amazon S3.

C.  

Use an AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) full load migration to load the data warehouse tables into Amazon S3 every day Overwrite the previous day ' s full-load copy every day.

D.  

Use AWS Glue to load a full copy of the data warehouse tables into Amazon S3 every day. Overwrite the previous day ' s full-load copy every day.

Discussion 0
Questions 15

A company needs to implement a workflow to process transactions. Each transaction goes through multiple levels of validation. Each validation level depends on the preceding validation level.

The workflow must either process or reject each transaction within 24 hours. The workflow must run for less than 24 hours total.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational cost?

Options:

A.  

Create a standard workflow in AWS Step Functions. Implement a Wait for Callback pattern to wait for the validation steps to finish.

B.  

Create an express workflow in AWS Step Functions. Implement a Wait for Callback pattern to wait for the validation steps to finish.

C.  

Use AWS Lambda functions to implement the workflow. Use Amazon EventBridge to invoke the validation steps.

D.  

Use Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) to implement the workflow.

Discussion 0
Questions 16

A data engineer must implement a data cataloging solution to track schema changes in an Amazon Redshift table.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Schedule an AWS Glue crawler to run every day on the table by using the Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) driver. Configure the crawler to update an AWS Glue Data Catalog.

B.  

Use AWS DataSync to log the table metadata to an AWS Glue Data Catalog. Use an AWS Glue crawler to update the Data Catalog every day.

C.  

Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to log the table metadata to an Apache Hive metastore. Use Amazon EventBridge Scheduler to update the metastore every day.

D.  

Schedule an AWS Glue crawler to run every day on the table. Configure the crawler to update an Apache Hive metastore.

Discussion 0
Questions 17

A data engineer must implement Amazon Redshift Serverless as a data warehouse for a company. The data engineer needs to integrate multiple Amazon Aurora MySQL databases into Amazon Redshift. The solution must maintain near real-time latency and minimize infrastructure management as much as possible.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) Serverless to ingest data into Amazon Redshift.

B.  

Create a Python module for an AWS Glue job to standardize the data ingestion from Aurora MySQL into Amazon Redshift.

C.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to ingest data into Amazon Redshift.

D.  

Set up a zero-ETL integration between the Aurora MySQL databases and Amazon Redshift Serverless.

Discussion 0
Questions 18

A company is planning to use a provisioned Amazon EMR cluster that runs Apache Spark jobs to perform big data analysis. The company requires high reliability. A big data team must follow best practices for running cost-optimized and long-running workloads on Amazon EMR. The team must find a solution that will maintain the company ' s current level of performance.

Which combination of resources will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Use Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) as a persistent data store.

B.  

Use Amazon S3 as a persistent data store.

C.  

Use x86-based instances for core nodes and task nodes.

D.  

Use Graviton instances for core nodes and task nodes.

E.  

Use Spot Instances for all primary nodes.

Discussion 0
Questions 19

A company stores customer data in an Amazon S3 bucket. Multiple teams in the company want to use the customer data for downstream analysis. The company needs to ensure that the teams do not have access to personally identifiable information (PII) about the customers.

Which solution will meet this requirement with LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon Macie to create and run a sensitive data discovery job to detect and remove PII.

B.  

Use S3 Object Lambda to access the data, and use Amazon Comprehend to detect and remove PII.

C.  

Use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose and Amazon Comprehend to detect and remove PII.

D.  

Use an AWS Glue DataBrew job to store the PII data in a second S3 bucket. Perform analysis on the data that remains in the original S3 bucket.

Discussion 0
Questions 20

A data engineer has a one-time task to read data from objects that are in Apache Parquet format in an Amazon S3 bucket. The data engineer needs to query only one column of the data.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Confiqure an AWS Lambda function to load data from the S3 bucket into a pandas dataframe- Write a SQL SELECT statement on the dataframe to query the required column.

B.  

Use S3 Select to write a SQL SELECT statement to retrieve the required column from the S3 objects.

C.  

Prepare an AWS Glue DataBrew project to consume the S3 objects and to query the required column.

D.  

Run an AWS Glue crawler on the S3 objects. Use a SQL SELECT statement in Amazon Athena to query the required column.

Discussion 0
Questions 21

A company needs to load customer data that comes from a third party into an Amazon Redshift data warehouse. The company stores order data and product data in the same data warehouse. The company wants to use the combined dataset to identify potential new customers.

A data engineer notices that one of the fields in the source data includes values that are in JSON format.

How should the data engineer load the JSON data into the data warehouse with the LEAST effort?

Options:

A.  

Use the SUPER data type to store the data in the Amazon Redshift table.

B.  

Use AWS Glue to flatten the JSON data and ingest it into the Amazon Redshift table.

C.  

Use Amazon S3 to store the JSON data. Use Amazon Athena to query the data.

D.  

Use an AWS Lambda function to flatten the JSON data. Store the data in Amazon S3.

Discussion 0
Questions 22

A data engineer needs to create an AWS Lambda function that converts the format of data from .csv to Apache Parquet. The Lambda function must run only if a user uploads a .csv file to an Amazon S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create an S3 event notification that has an event type of s3:ObjectCreated:*. Use a filter rule to generate notifications only when the suffix includes .csv. Set the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the Lambda function as the destination for the event notification.

B.  

Create an S3 event notification that has an event type of s3:ObjectTagging:* for objects that have a tag set to .csv. Set the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the Lambda function as the destination for the event notification.

C.  

Create an S3 event notification that has an event type of s3:*. Use a filter rule to generate notifications only when the suffix includes .csv. Set the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the Lambda function as the destination for the event notification.

D.  

Create an S3 event notification that has an event type of s3:ObjectCreated:*. Use a filter rule to generate notifications only when the suffix includes .csv. Set an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as the destination for the event notification. Subscribe the Lambda function to the SNS topic.

Discussion 0
Questions 23

Two developers are working on separate application releases. The developers have created feature branches named Branch A and Branch B by using a GitHub repository ' s master branch as the source.

The developer for Branch A deployed code to the production system. The code for Branch B will merge into a master branch in the following week ' s scheduled application release.

Which command should the developer for Branch B run before the developer raises a pull request to the master branch?

Options:

A.  

git diff branchB mastergit commit -m < message >

B.  

git pull master

C.  

git rebase master

D.  

git fetch -b master

Discussion 0
Questions 24

A company is setting up a data pipeline in AWS. The pipeline extracts client data from Amazon S3 buckets, performs quality checks, and transforms the data. The pipeline stores the processed data in a relational database. The company will use the processed data for future queries.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Glue ETL to extract the data from the S3 buckets and perform the transformations. Use AWS Glue Data Quality to enforce suggested quality rules. Load the data and the quality check results into an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance.

B.  

Use AWS Glue Studio to extract the data from the S3 buckets. Use AWS Glue DataBrew to perform the transformations and quality checks. Load the processed data into an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance. Load the quality check results into a new S3 bucket.

C.  

Use AWS Glue ETL to extract the data from the S3 buckets and perform the transformations. Use AWS Glue DataBrew to perform quality checks. Load the processed data and the quality check results into a new S3 bucket.

D.  

Use AWS Glue Studio to extract the data from the S3 buckets. Use AWS Glue DataBrew to perform the transformations and quality checks. Load the processed data and quality check results into an Amazon RDS for MySQL instance.

Discussion 0
Questions 25

A company needs a solution to manage costs for an existing Amazon DynamoDB table. The company also needs to control the size of the table. The solution must not disrupt any ongoing read or write operations. The company wants to use a solution that automatically deletes data from the table after 1 month.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST ongoing maintenance?

Options:

A.  

Use the DynamoDB TTL feature to automatically expire data based on timestamps.

B.  

Configure a scheduled Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to check for data that is older than 1 month. Configure the Lambda function to delete old data.

C.  

Configure a stream on the DynamoDB table to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to delete data in the table that is older than 1 month.

D.  

Use an AWS Lambda function to periodically scan the DynamoDB table for data that is older than 1 month. Configure the Lambda function to delete old data.

Discussion 0
Questions 26

A company uses AWS Glue Apache Spark jobs to handle extract, transform, and load (ETL) workloads. The company has enabled logging and monitoring for all AWS Glue jobs. One of the AWS Glue jobs begins to fail. A data engineer investigates the error and wants to examine metrics for all individual stages within the job. How can the data engineer access the stage metrics?

Options:

A.  

Examine the AWS Glue job and stage details in the Spark UI.

B.  

Examine the AWS Glue job and stage metrics in Amazon CloudWatch.

C.  

Examine the AWS Glue job and stage logs in AWS CloudTrail logs.

D.  

Examine the AWS Glue job and stage details by using the run insights feature on the job.

Discussion 0
Questions 27

A company processes a CSV file that contains millions of transaction records every day. The file is stored in Amazon S3. Each transaction must be validated before updating a database. The company needs a solution that will process the data in parallel. The solution must use error handling that stops the entire process if more than 15% of the records fail validation.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Batch job that processes chunks of the file in parallel with a custom error tracking mechanism.

B.  

Use AWS Step Functions Distributed Map state with the ToleratedFailurePercentage field set to 15%.

C.  

Deploy an Amazon EMR cluster with Spark to process the file. Configure a custom failure threshold to 15%.

D.  

Use AWS Lambda with S3 Batch Operations to process the file and track validation failures to be less than 15%.

Discussion 0
Questions 28

A company wants to implement real-time analytics capabilities. The company wants to use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and Amazon Redshift to ingest and process streaming data at the rate of several gigabytes per second. The company wants to derive near real-time insights by using existing business intelligence (BI) and analytics tools.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Use Kinesis Data Streams to stage data in Amazon S3. Use the COPY command to load data from Amazon S3 directly into Amazon Redshift to make the data immediately available for real-time analysis.

B.  

Access the data from Kinesis Data Streams by using SQL queries. Create materialized views directly on top of the stream. Refresh the materialized views regularly to query the most recent stream data.

C.  

Create an external schema in Amazon Redshift to map the data from Kinesis Data Streams to an Amazon Redshift object. Create a materialized view to read data from the stream. Set the materialized view to auto refresh.

D.  

Connect Kinesis Data Streams to Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. Use Kinesis Data Firehose to stage the data in Amazon S3. Use the COPY command to load the data from Amazon S3 to a table in Amazon Redshift.

Discussion 0
Questions 29

A data engineer needs to use an Amazon QuickSight dashboard that is based on Amazon Athena queries on data that is stored in an Amazon S3 bucket. When the data engineer connects to the QuickSight dashboard, the data engineer receives an error message that indicates insufficient permissions.

Which factors could cause to the permissions-related errors? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

There is no connection between QuickSgqht and Athena.

B.  

The Athena tables are not cataloged.

C.  

QuickSiqht does not have access to the S3 bucket.

D.  

QuickSight does not have access to decrypt S3 data.

E.  

There is no 1AM role assigned to QuickSiqht.

Discussion 0
Questions 30

A company stores historical customer data in an Amazon Redshift table. A column named Email contains null entries and values that are not email addresses. The quality of the Email column is critical for multiple downstream processes. A data engineer must create an AWS Glue Data Quality rule that fails when the percentage of valid email addresses in the Email column is less than 90%.

Which component of an AWS Glue Data Quality rule will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Uniqueness " Email " matches with a threshold set to > 0.9

B.  

ColumnValues " Email " matches with a threshold set to > 0.1

C.  

ColumnValues " Email " matches with a threshold set to > 0.9

D.  

UniqueValueRatio " Email " matches with a threshold set to > 0.1

Discussion 0
Questions 31

A company is using Amazon S3 to build a data lake. The company needs to replicate records from multiple source databases into Apache Parquet format.

Most of the source databases are hosted on Amazon RDS. However, one source database is an on-premises Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise instance. The company needs to implement a solution to replicate existing data from all source databases and all future changes to the target S3 data lake.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Use one AWS Glue job to replicate existing data. Use a second AWS Glue job to replicate future changes.

B.  

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to replicate existing data. Use AWS Glue jobs to replicate future changes.

C.  

Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to replicate existing data and future changes.

D.  

Use AWS Glue jobs to replicate existing data. Use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to replicate future changes.

Discussion 0
Questions 32

A company stores CSV files in an Amazon S3 bucket. A data engineer needs to process the data in the CSV files and store the processed data in a new S3 bucket.

The process needs to rename a column, remove specific columns, ignore the second row of each file, create a new column based on the values of the first row of the data, and filter the results by a numeric value of a column.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Glue Python jobs to read and transform the CSV files.

B.  

Use an AWS Glue custom crawler to read and transform the CSV files.

C.  

Use an AWS Glue workflow to build a set of jobs to crawl and transform the CSV files.

D.  

Use AWS Glue DataBrew recipes to read and transform the CSV files.

Discussion 0
Questions 33

A company uses AWS Step Functions to orchestrate a data pipeline. The pipeline consists of Amazon EMR jobs that ingest data from data sources and store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The pipeline also includes EMR jobs that load the data to Amazon Redshift.

The company ' s cloud infrastructure team manually built a Step Functions state machine. The cloud infrastructure team launched an EMR cluster into a VPC to support the EMR jobs. However, the deployed Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs.

Which combination of steps should the company take to identify the reason the Step Functions state machine is not able to run the EMR jobs? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Use AWS CloudFormation to automate the Step Functions state machine deployment. Create a step to pause the state machine during the EMR jobs that fail. Configure the step to wait for a human user to send approval through an email message. Include details of the EMR task in the email message for further analysis.

B.  

Verify that the Step Functions state machine code has all IAM permissions that are necessary to create and run the EMR jobs. Verify that the Step Functions state machine code also includes IAM permissions to access the Amazon S3 buckets that the EMR jobs use. Use Access Analyzer for S3 to check the S3 access properties.

C.  

Check for entries in Amazon CloudWatch for the newly created EMR cluster. Change the AWS Step Functions state machine code to use Amazon EMR on EKS. Change the IAM access policies and the security group configuration for the Step Functions state machine code to reflect inclusion of Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS).

D.  

Query the flow logs for the VPC. Determine whether the traffic that originates from the EMR cluster can successfully reach the data providers. Determine whether any security group that might be attached to the Amazon EMR cluster allows connections to the data source servers on the informed ports.

E.  

Check the retry scenarios that the company configured for the EMR jobs. Increase the number of seconds in the interval between each EMR task. Validate that each fallback state has the appropriate catch for each decision state. Configure an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to store the error messages.

Discussion 0
Questions 34

A media company uploads large video files to Amazon S3 for processing. After processing, the company needs to keep the original files for 90 days in case the files require reprocessing. After 90 days, the company can delete the files to reduce storage costs. The company stores the processed videos in a different S3 bucket.

Which S3 Lifecycle configuration will meet these requirements for the original files MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Store the files in S3 Standard for 90 days. Transition the files to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval for long-term storage. Then expire the files.

B.  

Store the files in S3 Standard for 90 days. Enable versioning. Enable Object Lock on the files for 90 days. Then expire the files.

C.  

Store the files in S3 Standard for 90 days. Implement S3 Lifecycle management to expire the files.

D.  

Store the files in S3 Intelligent-Tiering for 90 days. Enable versioning. Add S3 Lifecycle management to expire the files.

Discussion 0
Questions 35

A gaming company uses AWS Glue to perform read and write operations on Apache Iceberg tables for real-time streaming data. The data in the Iceberg tables is stored in Apache Parquet format. The company is experiencing slow query performance.

Which solutions will improve query performance? (Select TWO)

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog to generate column-level statistics for the Iceberg tables on a schedule.

B.  

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog to automatically compact the Iceberg tables.

C.  

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog to automatically optimize indexes for the Iceberg tables.

D.  

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog to enable copy-on-write for the Iceberg tables.

E.  

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog to generate views for the Iceberg tables.

Discussion 0
Questions 36

A company is creating a new data pipeline to populate a data lake. A data analyst needs to prepare and standardize the data before a data engineering team can perform advanced data transformations. The data analyst needs a solution to process the data that does not require writing new code.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.  

Use Python and Pandas in an AWS Glue Studio notebook. Ensure that the data engineers add additional transformations to complete the pipeline.

B.  

Use Amazon SageMaker Canvas and SageMaker Data Wrangler to write to a new dataset. Ensure that the data engineers add additional transformations to complete the pipeline by using AWS Glue.

C.  

Use AWS Glue Studio with data preparation recipe transformations. Ensure that the data engineers add additional transformations to complete the pipeline.

D.  

Create a document that includes the data preparation rules. Ensure that the data engineers implement the rules in AWS Glue.

Discussion 0
Questions 37

A company needs to implement a data mesh architecture for trading, risk, and compliance teams. Each team has its own data but needs to share views. They have 1,000+ tables in 50 Glue databases. All teams use Athena and Redshift, and compliance requires full auditing and PII access control.

Options:

A.  

Create views in Athena for on-demand analysis. Use the Athena views in Amazon Redshift to perform cross-domain analytics. Use AWS CloudTrail to audit data access. Use AWS Lake Formation to establish fine-grained access control.

B.  

Use AWS Glue Data Catalog views. Use CloudTrail logs and Lake Formation to manage permissions.

C.  

Use Lake Formation to set up cross-domain access to tables. Set up fine-grained access controls.

D.  

Create materialized views and enable Amazon Redshift datashares for each domain.

Discussion 0
Questions 38

A company runs concurrent analytical queries on Amazon Redshift tables multiple times each day. The queries require consistent data views three times each day. The company runs extract, transform, and load (ETL) operations that update dimension tables while the queries run. The company has noticed that the queries cause table-level locks during the ETL operations. The company ' s current solution experiences query timeouts and deadlocks during peak processing hours, which affects analytical reporting and on-demand analysis.

Which solution will fix this issue?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon Redshift materialized views for analytical queries. Schedule ETL operations during off-peak hours to minimize lock contention.

B.  

Configure Amazon Redshift federated queries to access source data directly. Use read replicas to isolate analytical workloads from ETL operations.

C.  

Use Amazon Redshift Spectrum to query data in Amazon S3 for analytical workloads. Maintain ETL operations on Amazon Redshift tables with transaction isolation.

D.  

Deploy separate Amazon Redshift clusters for ETL and analytics workloads. Use cross-database queries and data sharing to maintain data consistency.

Discussion 0
Questions 39

A company processes 500 GB of audience and advertising data daily, storing CSV files in Amazon S3 with schemas registered in AWS Glue Data Catalog. They need to convert these files to Apache Parquet format and store them in an S3 bucket.

The solution requires a long-running workflow with 15 GiB memory capacity to process the data concurrently, followed by a correlation process that begins only after the first two processes complete.

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) to orchestrate the workflow by using AWS Glue. Configure AWS Glue to begin the third process after the first two processes have finished.

B.  

Use Amazon EMR to run each process in the workflow. Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to handle messages that indicate the completion of the first two processes. Configure an AWS Lambda function to process the SQS queue by running the third process.

C.  

Use AWS Glue workflows to run the first two processes in parallel. Ensure that the third process starts after the first two processes have finished.

D.  

Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate a workflow that uses multiple AWS Lambda functions. Ensure that the third process starts after the first two processes have finished.

Discussion 0
Questions 40

A company uses Amazon S3 to store data and Amazon QuickSight to create visualizations.

The company has an S3 bucket in an AWS account named Hub-Account. The S3 bucket is encrypted by an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key. The company ' s QuickSight instance is in a separate account named BI-Account

The company updates the S3 bucket policy to grant access to the QuickSight service role. The company wants to enable cross-account access to allow QuickSight to interact with the S3 bucket.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Use the existing AWS KMS key to encrypt connections from QuickSight to the S3 bucket.

B.  

Add the 53 bucket as a resource that the QuickSight service role can access.

C.  

Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share the S3 bucket with the Bl-Account account.

D.  

Add an IAM policy to the QuickSight service role to give QuickSight access to the KMS key that encrypts the S3 bucket.

E.  

Add the KMS key as a resource that the QuickSight service role can access.

Discussion 0
Questions 41

A company has a data lake in Amazon S3. The company collects AWS CloudTrail logs for multiple applications. The company stores the logs in the data lake, catalogs the logs in AWS Glue, and partitions the logs based on the year. The company uses Amazon Athena to analyze the logs.

Recently, customers reported that a query on one of the Athena tables did not return any data. A data engineer must resolve the issue.

Which combination of troubleshooting steps should the data engineer take? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Confirm that Athena is pointing to the correct Amazon S3 location.

B.  

Increase the query timeout duration.

C.  

Use the MSCK REPAIR TABLE command.

D.  

Restart Athena.

E.  

Delete and recreate the problematic Athena table.

Discussion 0
Questions 42

A company is developing a log streaming pipeline that uses Amazon Data Firehose. The pipeline streams Amazon CloudWatch Logs data to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company ' s analytics team needs to use the data in audits. The pipeline must deliver only the relevant logs to the S3 bucket in a compatible format for the team ' s analysis.

Which solution will meet these requirements and maintain reliable performance?

Options:

A.  

Set the S3 bucket rules to allow logs from only specific timestamp ranges. Create an AWS Lambda function that converts the log files to the desired format. Use an S3 trigger to invoke the Lambda function.

B.  

Create a subscription filter in the CloudWatch Logs log group that uses the Firehose delivery stream as the destination. Create an AWS Lambda function that converts the log files to the desired format. Configure Firehose to invoke the Lambda function.

C.  

Create a subscription filter in the CloudWatch Logs log group. Configure the filter to monitor the Firehose stream. Create an AWS Lambda function to convert the log files to the desired format. Configure Firehose to invoke the Lambda function.

D.  

Tag the CloudWatch Logs log groups that the analytics team needs. Configure Firehose to ingest only the tagged log groups. Configure Firehose to write the output in the desired format.

Discussion 0
Questions 43

A company saves customer data to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company uses server-side encryption with AWS KMS keys (SSE-KMS) to encrypt the bucket. The dataset includes personally identifiable information (PII) such as social security numbers and account details.

Data that is tagged as PII must be masked before the company uses customer data for analysis. Some users must have secure access to the PII data during the preprocessing phase. The company needs a low-maintenance solution to mask and secure the PII data throughout the entire engineering pipeline.

Which combination of solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Glue DataBrew to perform extract, transform, and load (ETL) tasks that mask the PII data before analysis.

B.  

Use Amazon GuardDuty to monitor access patterns for the PII data that is used in the engineering pipeline.

C.  

Configure an Amazon Made discovery job for the S3 bucket.

D.  

Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to manage permissions and to control access to the PII data.

E.  

Write custom scripts in an application to mask the PII data and to control access.

Discussion 0
Questions 44

A company has five offices in different AWS Regions. Each office has its own human resources (HR) department that uses a unique IAM role. The company stores employee records in a data lake that is based on Amazon S3 storage.

A data engineering team needs to limit access to the records. Each HR department should be able to access records for only employees who are within the HR department ' s Region.

Which combination of steps should the data engineering team take to meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Use data filters for each Region to register the S3 paths as data locations.

B.  

Register the S3 path as an AWS Lake Formation location.

C.  

Modify the IAM roles of the HR departments to add a data filter for each department ' s Region.

D.  

Enable fine-grained access control in AWS Lake Formation. Add a data filter for each Region.

E.  

Create a separate S3 bucket for each Region. Configure an IAM policy to allow S3 access. Restrict access based on Region.

Discussion 0
Questions 45

A company has used an Amazon Redshift table that is named Orders for 6 months. The company performs weekly updates and deletes on the table. The table has an interleaved sort key on a column that contains AWS Regions.

The company wants to reclaim disk space so that the company will not run out of storage space. The company also wants to analyze the sort key column.

Which Amazon Redshift command will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

VACUUM FULL Orders

B.  

VACUUM DELETE ONLY Orders

C.  

VACUUM REINDEX Orders

D.  

VACUUM SORT ONLY Orders

Discussion 0
Questions 46

A company analyzes data in a data lake every quarter to perform inventory assessments. A data engineer uses AWS Glue DataBrew to detect any personally identifiable information (PII) about customers within the data. The company ' s privacy policy considers some custom categories of information to be PII. However, the categories are not included in standard DataBrew data quality rules.

The data engineer needs to modify the current process to scan for the custom PII categories across multiple datasets within the data lake.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Manually review the data for custom PII categories.

B.  

Implement custom data quality rules in Data Brew. Apply the custom rules across datasets.

C.  

Develop custom Python scripts to detect the custom PII categories. Call the scripts from DataBrew.

D.  

Implement regex patterns to extract PII information from fields during extract transform, and load (ETL) operations into the data lake.

Discussion 0
Questions 47

A data engineer is building an automated extract, transform, and load (ETL) ingestion pipeline by using AWS Glue. The pipeline ingests compressed files that are in an Amazon S3 bucket. The ingestion pipeline must support incremental data processing.

Which AWS Glue feature should the data engineer use to meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Workflows

B.  

Triggers

C.  

Job bookmarks

D.  

Classifiers

Discussion 0
Questions 48

A company has a production AWS account that runs company workloads. The company ' s security team created a security AWS account to store and analyze security logs from the production AWS account. The security logs in the production AWS account are stored in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

The company needs to use Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to deliver the security logs to the security AWS account.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Create a destination data stream in the production AWS account. In the security AWS account, create an IAM role that has cross-account permissions to Kinesis Data Streams in the production AWS account.

B.  

Create a destination data stream in the security AWS account. Create an IAM role and a trust policy to grant CloudWatch Logs the permission to put data into the stream. Create a subscription filter in the security AWS account.

C.  

Create a destination data stream in the production AWS account. In the production AWS account, create an IAM role that has cross-account permissions to Kinesis Data Streams in the security AWS account.

D.  

Create a destination data stream in the security AWS account. Create an IAM role and a trust policy to grant CloudWatch Logs the permission to put data into the stream. Create a subscription filter in the production AWS account.

Discussion 0
Questions 49

A company uses AWS Glue jobs to implement several data pipelines. The pipelines are critical to the company.

The company needs to implement a monitoring mechanism that will alert stakeholders if the pipelines fail.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match AWS Glue job failure events. Configure the rule to target an AWS Lambda function to process events. Configure the function to send notifications to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

B.  

Configure an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group for the AWS Glue jobs. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match new log creation events in the log group. Configure the rule to target an AWS Lambda function that reads the logs and sends notifications to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic if AWS Glue job failure logs are present.

C.  

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match AWS Glue job failure events. Define an Amazon CloudWatch metric based on the EventBridge rule. Set up a CloudWatch alarm based on the metric to send notifications to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

D.  

Configure an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group for the AWS Glue jobs. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match new log creation events in the log group. Configure the rule to send notifications to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

Discussion 0
Questions 50

A company uses AWS Glue ETL pipelines to process data. The company uses Amazon Athena to analyze data in an Amazon S3 bucket.

To better understand shipping timelines, the company decides to collect and store shipping dates and delivery dates in addition to order data. The company adds a data quality check to ensure that the shipping date is later than the order date and that the delivery date is later than the shipping date. Orders that fail the quality check must be stored in a second Amazon S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST cost-effective way?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Glue DataBrew DATEDIFF functions to create two additional columns. Validate the new columns. Write failed records to a second S3 bucket.

B.  

Use Amazon Athena to query the three date columns and compare the values. Export failed records to a second S3 bucket.

C.  

Use AWS Glue Data Quality to create a custom rule that validates the three date columns. Route records that fail the rule to a second S3 bucket.

D.  

Use an AWS Glue crawler to populate the AWS Glue Data Catalog. Use the three date columns to create a filter.

Discussion 0
Questions 51

A company is migrating its database servers from Amazon EC2 instances that run Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server DB instances. The company ' s analytics team must export large data elements every day until the migration is complete. The data elements are the result of SQL joins across multiple tables. The data must be in Apache Parquet format. The analytics team must store the data in Amazon S3.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.  

Create a view in the EC2 instance-based SQL Server databases that contains the required data elements. Create an AWS Glue job that selects the data directly from the view and transfers the data in Parquet format to an S3 bucket. Schedule the AWS Glue job to run every day.

B.  

Schedule SQL Server Agent to run a daily SQL query that selects the desired data elements from the EC2 instance-based SQL Server databases. Configure the query to direct the output .csv objects to an S3 bucket. Create an S3 event that invokes an AWS Lambda function to transform the output format from .csv to Parquet.

C.  

Use a SQL query to create a view in the EC2 instance-based SQL Server databases that contains the required data elements. Create and run an AWS Glue crawler to read the view. Create an AWS Glue job that retrieves the data and transfers the data in Parquet format to an S3 bucket. Schedule the AWS Glue job to run every day.

D.  

Create an AWS Lambda function that queries the EC2 instance-based databases by using Java Database Connectivity (JDBC). Configure the Lambda function to retrieve the required data, transform the data into Parquet format, and transfer the data into an S3 bucket. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule the Lambda function to run every day.

Discussion 0
Questions 52

A retail company is using an Amazon Redshift cluster to support real-time inventory management. The company has deployed an ML model on a real-time endpoint in Amazon SageMaker.

The company wants to make real-time inventory recommendations. The company also wants to make predictions about future inventory needs.

Which solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon Redshift ML to generate inventory recommendations.

B.  

Use SQL to invoke a remote SageMaker endpoint for prediction.

C.  

Use Amazon Redshift ML to schedule regular data exports for offline model training.

D.  

Use SageMaker Autopilot to create inventory management dashboards in Amazon Redshift.

E.  

Use Amazon Redshift as a file storage system to archive old inventory management reports.

Discussion 0
Questions 53

A company ' s data engineer needs to optimize the performance of table SQL queries. The company stores data in an Amazon Redshift cluster. The data engineer cannot increase the size of the cluster because of budget constraints.

The company stores the data in multiple tables and loads the data by using the EVEN distribution style. Some tables are hundreds of gigabytes in size. Other tables are less than 10 MB in size.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Keep using the EVEN distribution style for all tables. Specify primary and foreign keys for all tables.

B.  

Use the ALL distribution style for large tables. Specify primary and foreign keys for all tables.

C.  

Use the ALL distribution style for rarely updated small tables. Specify primary and foreign keys for all tables.

D.  

Specify a combination of distribution, sort, and partition keys for all tables.

Discussion 0
Questions 54

A telecommunications company collects network usage data throughout each day at a rate of several thousand data points each second. The company runs an application to process the usage data in real time. The company aggregates and stores the data in an Amazon Aurora DB instance.

Sudden drops in network usage usually indicate a network outage. The company must be able to identify sudden drops in network usage so the company can take immediate remedial actions.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST latency?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to query Aurora for drops in network usage. Use Amazon EventBridge to automatically invoke the Lambda function every minute.

B.  

Modify the processing application to publish the data to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Create an Amazon Managed Service for Apache Flink (previously known as Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics) application to detect drops in network usage.

C.  

Replace the Aurora database with an Amazon DynamoDB table. Create an AWS Lambda function to query the DynamoDB table for drops in network usage every minute. Use DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) between the processing application and DynamoDB table.

D.  

Create an AWS Lambda function within the Database Activity Streams feature of Aurora to detect drops in network usage.

Discussion 0
Questions 55

A company processes 500 GB of audience and advertising data daily, storing CSV files in Amazon S3 with schemas registered in AWS Glue Data Catalog. They need to convert these files to Apache Parquet format and store them in an S3 bucket.

The solution requires a long-running workflow with 15 GiB memory capacity to process the data concurrently, followed by a correlation process that begins only after the first two processes complete.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (Amazon MWAA) to orchestrate the workflow by using AWS Glue. Configure AWS Glue to begin the third process after the first two processes have finished.

B.  

Use Amazon EMR to run each process in the workflow. Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to handle messages that indicate the completion of the first two processes. Configure an AWS Lambda function to process the SQS queue by running the third process.

C.  

Use AWS Glue workflows to run the first two processes in parallel. Ensure that the third process starts after the first two processes have finished.

D.  

Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate a workflow that uses multiple AWS Lambda functions. Ensure that the third process starts after the first two processes have finished.

Discussion 0
Questions 56

A company runs an AWS Glue workflow every day to process time series data from an Amazon S3 bucket. The workflow loads the data into an Amazon Redshift Serverless table. The company observes that some of the jobs in the workflow occasionally fail.

A data engineer must receive a notification when the Redshift table does not contain the most recent data.

Which solution will meet this requirement in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

A.  

Configure an Amazon EventBridge Scheduler to run an Amazon Macie job to scan the Redshift table for data freshness. Configure Macie to notify an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when an AWS Glue job fails.

B.  

Schedule an AWS Glue Data Quality job to check the freshness of the data. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to notify an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when a data quality rule fails.

C.  

Load AWS Glue job logs to an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to send a notification when the job logs in the S3 bucket contain Job.State=FAILED.

D.  

Create an Amazon CloudWatch dashboard that displays a metric named Failed AWS Glue Jobs that counts AWS Glue job failures during the previous day. Set a CloudWatch alarm to send a notification when the metric value exceeds zero.

Discussion 0
Questions 57

A data engineer is configuring Amazon SageMaker Studio to use AWS Glue interactive sessions to prepare data for machine learning (ML) models.

The data engineer receives an access denied error when the data engineer tries to prepare the data by using SageMaker Studio.

Which change should the engineer make to gain access to SageMaker Studio?

Options:

A.  

Add the AWSGlueServiceRole managed policy to the data engineer ' s IAM user.

B.  

Add a policy to the data engineer ' s IAM user that includes the sts:AssumeRole action for the AWS Glue and SageMaker service principals in the trust policy.

C.  

Add the AmazonSageMakerFullAccess managed policy to the data engineer ' s IAM user.

D.  

Add a policy to the data engineer ' s IAM user that allows the sts:AddAssociation action for the AWS Glue and SageMaker service principals in the trust policy.

Discussion 0
Questions 58

A company receives .csv files that contain physical address data. The data is in columns that have the following names: Door_No, Street_Name, City, and Zip_Code. The company wants to create a single column to store these values in the following format:

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST coding effort?

Options:

A.  

Use AWS Glue DataBrew to read the files. Use the NEST TO ARRAY transformation to create the new column.

B.  

Use AWS Glue DataBrew to read the files. Use the NEST TO MAP transformation to create the new column.

C.  

Use AWS Glue DataBrew to read the files. Use the PIVOT transformation to create the new column.

D.  

Write a Lambda function in Python to read the files. Use the Python data dictionary type to create the new column.

Discussion 0
Questions 59

A company uses Amazon S3 to store semi-structured data in a transactional data lake. Some of the data files are small, but other data files are tens of terabytes.

A data engineer must perform a change data capture (CDC) operation to identify changed data from the data source. The data source sends a full snapshot as a JSON file every day and ingests the changed data into the data lake.

Which solution will capture the changed data MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to identify the changes between the previous data and the current data. Configure the Lambda function to ingest the changes into the data lake.

B.  

Ingest the data into Amazon RDS for MySQL. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to write the changed data to the data lake.

C.  

Use an open source data lake format to merge the data source with the S3 data lake to insert the new data and update the existing data.

D.  

Ingest the data into an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB instance that runs Aurora Serverless. Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to write the changed data to the data lake.

Discussion 0
Questions 60

A company is uploading log files from on-premises servers to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company needs to validate that the logs from the on-premises servers are the same as the logs that are stored in the S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Use the AWS SDK to automatically compute CRC32 checksums during the upload. Store the checksums in S3 object metadata.

B.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to calculate SHA-256 checksums. Store the results in a separate metadata table. Validate the logs after the upload.

C.  

Enable S3 Object Lock in compliance mode on the S3 bucket. Upload the objects to the bucket.

D.  

After uploading the objects to the S3 bucket, enable S3 Object Lock in governance mode on the S3 objects.

Discussion 0
Questions 61

A company uses Amazon RDS to store transactional data. The company runs an RDS DB instance in a private subnet. A developer wrote an AWS Lambda function with default settings to insert, update, or delete data in the DB instance.

The developer needs to give the Lambda function the ability to connect to the DB instance privately without using the public internet.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.  

Turn on the public access setting for the DB instance.

B.  

Update the security group of the DB instance to allow only Lambda function invocations on the database port.

C.  

Configure the Lambda function to run in the same subnet that the DB instance uses.

D.  

Attach the same security group to the Lambda function and the DB instance. Include a self-referencing rule that allows access through the database port.

E.  

Update the network ACL of the private subnet to include a self-referencing rule that allows access through the database port.

Discussion 0
Questions 62

A data engineer needs to use Amazon Neptune to develop graph applications.

Which programming languages should the engineer use to develop the graph applications? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Gremlin

B.  

SQL

C.  

ANSI SQL

D.  

SPARQL

E.  

Spark SQL

Discussion 0
Questions 63

A data engineer needs Amazon Athena queries to finish faster. The data engineer notices that all the files the Athena queries use are currently stored in uncompressed .csv format. The data engineer also notices that users perform most queries by selecting a specific column.

Which solution will MOST speed up the Athena query performance?

Options:

A.  

Change the data format from .csvto JSON format. Apply Snappy compression.

B.  

Compress the .csv files by using Snappy compression.

C.  

Change the data format from .csvto Apache Parquet. Apply Snappy compression.

D.  

Compress the .csv files by using gzjg compression.

Discussion 0
Questions 64

A company uses AWS Glue Data Catalog to index data that is uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket every day. The company uses a daily batch processes in an extract, transform, and load (ETL) pipeline to upload data from external sources into the S3 bucket.

The company runs a daily report on the S3 data. Some days, the company runs the report before all the daily data has been uploaded to the S3 bucket. A data engineer must be able to send a message that identifies any incomplete data to an existing Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create data quality checks for the source datasets that the daily reports use. Create a new AWS managed Apache Airflow cluster. Run the data quality checks by using Airflow tasks that run data quality queries on the columns data type and the presence of null values. Configure Airflow Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) to send an email notification that informs the data engineer about the incomplete datasets to the SNS topic.

B.  

Create data quality checks on the source datasets that the daily reports use. Create a new Amazon EMR cluster. Use Apache Spark SQL to create Apache Spark jobs in the EMR cluster that run data quality queries on the columns data type and the presence of null values. Orchestrate the ETL pipeline by using an AWS Step Functions workflow. Configure the workflow to send an email notification that informs the data engineer about the incomplete da

C.  

Create data quality checks on the source datasets that the daily reports use. Create data quality actions by using AWS Glue workflows to confirm the completeness and consistency of the datasets. Configure the data quality actions to create an event in Amazon EventBridge if a dataset is incomplete. Configure EventBridge to send the event that informs the data engineer about the incomplete datasets to the Amazon SNS topic.

D.  

Create AWS Lambda functions that run data quality queries on the columns data type and the presence of null values. Orchestrate the ETL pipeline by using an AWS Step Functions workflow that runs the Lambda functions. Configure the Step Functions workflow to send an email notification that informs the data engineer about the incomplete datasets to the SNS topic.

Discussion 0
Questions 65

A data engineer is troubleshooting an AWS Glue workflow that occasionally fails. The engineer determines that the failures are a result of data quality issues. A business reporting team needs to receive an email notification any time the workflow fails in the future.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) FIFO topic. Subscribe the team ' s email account to the SNS topic. Create an AWS Lambda function that initiates when the AWS Glue job state changes to FAILED. Set the SNS topic as the target.

B.  

Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) standard topic. Subscribe the team ' s email account to the SNS topic. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that triggers when the AWS Glue Job state changes to FAILED. Set the SNS topic as the target.

C.  

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue. Subscribe the team ' s email account to the SQS queue. Create an AWS Config rule that triggers when the AWS Glue job state changes to FAILED. Set the SQS queue as the target.

D.  

Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue. Subscribe the team ' s email account to the SQS queue. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that triggers when the AWS Glue job state changes to FAILE

D.  

Set the SQS queue as the target.

Discussion 0
Questions 66

A company uses Amazon Redshift as a data warehouse solution. One of the datasets that the company stores in Amazon Redshift contains data for a vendor.

Recently, the vendor asked the company to transfer the vendor ' s data into the vendor ' s Amazon S3 bucket once each week.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to connect to the Redshift data warehouse. Configure the Lambda function to use the Redshift COPY command to copy the required data to the vendor ' s S3 bucket on a schedule.

B.  

Create an AWS Glue job to connect to the Redshift data warehouse. Configure the AWS Glue job to use the Redshift UNLOAD command to load the required data to the vendor ' s S3 bucket on a schedule.

C.  

Use the Amazon Redshift data sharing feature. Set the vendor ' s S3 bucket as the destination. Configure the source to be as a custom SQL query that selects the required data.

D.  

Configure Amazon Redshift Spectrum to use the vendor ' s S3 bucket as destination. Enable data querying in both directions.

Discussion 0
Questions 67

The company stores a large volume of customer records in Amazon S3. To comply with regulations, the company must be able to access new customer records immediately for the first 30 days after the records are created. The company accesses records that are older than 30 days infrequently.

The company needs to cost-optimize its Amazon S3 storage.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Apply a lifecycle policy to transition records to S3 Standard Infrequent-Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage after 30 days.

B.  

Use S3 Intelligent-Tiering storage.

C.  

Transition records to S3 Glacier Deep Archive storage after 30 days.

D.  

Use S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage for all customer records.

Discussion 0
Questions 68

A company currently stores all of its data in Amazon S3 by using the S3 Standard storage class.

A data engineer examined data access patterns to identify trends. During the first 6 months, most data files are accessed several times each day. Between 6 months and 2 years, most data files are accessed once or twice each month. After 2 years, data files are accessed only once or twice each year.

The data engineer needs to use an S3 Lifecycle policy to develop new data storage rules. The new storage solution must continue to provide high availability.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST cost-effective way?

Options:

A.  

Transition objects to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) after 6 months. Transfer objects to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 2 years.

B.  

Transition objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 6 months. Transfer objects to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 2 years.

C.  

Transition objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) after 6 months. Transfer objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 2 years.

D.  

Transition objects to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) after 6 months. Transfer objects to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 2 years.

Discussion 0
Questions 69

A company stores server logs in an Amazon 53 bucket. The company needs to keep the logs for 1 year. The logs are not required after 1 year.

A data engineer needs a solution to automatically delete logs that are older than 1 year.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Define an S3 Lifecycle configuration to delete the logs after 1 year.

B.  

Create an AWS Lambda function to delete the logs after 1 year.

C.  

Schedule a cron job on an Amazon EC2 instance to delete the logs after 1 year.

D.  

Configure an AWS Step Functions state machine to delete the logs after 1 year.

Discussion 0
Questions 70

A data engineer is implementing model governance for machine learning (ML) workflows on AWS. The data engineer needs a solution that can track the complete lifecycle of the ML models, including data preparation, model training, and deployment stages. The solution must ensure reproducibility and audit compliance.

Options:

A.  

Use Amazon SageMaker Debugger to capture metrics. Create associations between datasets and training jobs by monitoring training jobs.

B.  

Use Amazon SageMaker ML Lineage Tracking to create associations between artifacts, training jobs, and datasets by recording metadata.

C.  

Use Amazon SageMaker Model Monitor to create associations between artifacts and training jobs by tracking model performance.

D.  

Use Amazon SageMaker Experiments to create associations between datasets and artifacts by tracking hyperparameters and metrics.

Discussion 0
Questions 71

A company uses an Amazon Redshift cluster that runs on RA3 nodes. The company wants to scale read and write capacity to meet demand. A data engineer needs to identify a solution that will turn on concurrency scaling.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Turn on concurrency scaling in workload management (WLM) for Redshift Serverless workgroups.

B.  

Turn on concurrency scaling at the workload management (WLM) queue level in the Redshift cluster.

C.  

Turn on concurrency scaling in the settings during the creation of and new Redshift cluster.

D.  

Turn on concurrency scaling for the daily usage quota for the Redshift cluster.

Discussion 0
Questions 72

An application uses an AWS Lambda function that is configured with managed runtimes. The Lambda function successfully writes logs to the default Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. A data engineer wants to modify the logging behavior to show only ERROR level logs for application logs and WARN level logs for system logs.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Add additional permissions to the Lambda execution role.

B.  

Set the log level to ERROR in the Lambda function code.

C.  

Configure the Lambda function to use the JSON log format.

D.  

Configure the Lambda function to send logs to a custom log group.

Discussion 0
Questions 73

An ecommerce company collects daily customer transaction logs in CSV format and stores the logs in Amazon S3. The company uses Amazon Athena to scan a subset of attributes from the logs on the same day the company receives each log.

Query times are increasing because of increasing transaction volume. The company wants to improve query performance.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the SHORTEST query times?

Options:

A.  

Convert the CSV logs into multiple ORC files for better parallelism in Athena. Partition by date in Amazon S3. Use columnar pushdown filters.

B.  

Convert the CSV logs to JSON. Partition by date in Amazon S3. Use Athena with dynamic filtering to reduce data scans.

C.  

Convert the CSV logs to Avro. Partition by date in Amazon S3. Use Athena with projection-based partitioning.

D.  

Convert the CSV logs to a single Apache Parquet file for each day. Partition the data by date in Amazon S3. Use Athena with predicate pushdown filters.

Discussion 0
Questions 74

A company uses Amazon Redshift as its data warehouse service. A data engineer needs to design a physical data model.

The data engineer encounters a de-normalized table that is growing in size. The table does not have a suitable column to use as the distribution key.

Which distribution style should the data engineer use to meet these requirements with the LEAST maintenance overhead?

Options:

A.  

ALL distribution

B.  

EVEN distribution

C.  

AUTO distribution

D.  

KEY distribution

Discussion 0
Questions 75

A company has three subsidiaries. Each subsidiary uses a different data warehousing solution. The first subsidiary hosts its data warehouse in Amazon Redshift. The second subsidiary uses Teradata Vantage on AWS. The third subsidiary uses Google BigQuery.

The company wants to aggregate all the data into a central Amazon S3 data lake. The company wants to use Apache Iceberg as the table format.

A data engineer needs to build a new pipeline to connect to all the data sources, run transformations by using each source engine, join the data, and write the data to Iceberg.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?

Options:

A.  

Use native Amazon Redshift, Teradata, and BigQuery connectors to build the pipeline in AWS Glue. Use native AWS Glue transforms to join the data. Run a Merge operation on the data lake Iceberg table.

B.  

Use the Amazon Athena federated query connectors for Amazon Redshift, Teradata, and BigQuery to build the pipeline in Athena. Write a SQL query to read from all the data sources, join the data, and run a Merge operation on the data lake Iceberg table.

C.  

Use the native Amazon Redshift connector, the Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) connector for Teradata, and the open source Apache Spark BigQuery connector to build the pipeline in Amazon EMR. Write code in PySpark to join the data. Run a Merge operation on the data lake Iceberg table.

D.  

Use the native Amazon Redshift, Teradata, and BigQuery connectors in Amazon Appflow to write data to Amazon S3 and AWS Glue Data Catalog. Use Amazon Athena to join the data. Run a Merge operation on the data lake Iceberg table.

Discussion 0
Questions 76

A data engineer is building a solution to detect sensitive information that is stored in a data lake across multiple Amazon S3 buckets. The solution must detect personally identifiable information (PII) that is in a proprietary data format.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Use the AWS Glue Detect PII transform with specific patterns.

B.  

Use Amazon Macie with managed data identifiers.

C.  

Use an AWS Lambda function with custom regular expressions.

D.  

Use Amazon Athena with a SQL query to match the custom formats.

Discussion 0
Questions 77

A company uses Amazon Athena to run SQL queries for extract, transform, and load (ETL) tasks by using Create Table As Select (CTAS). The company must use Apache Spark instead of SQL to generate analytics.

Which solution will give the company the ability to use Spark to access Athena?

Options:

A.  

Athena query settings

B.  

Athena workgroup

C.  

Athena data source

D.  

Athena query editor

Discussion 0
Questions 78

Files from multiple data sources arrive in an Amazon S3 bucket on a regular basis. A data engineer wants to ingest new files into Amazon Redshift in near real time when the new files arrive in the S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Use the query editor v2 to schedule a COPY command to load new files into Amazon Redshift.

B.  

Use the zero-ETL integration between Amazon Aurora and Amazon Redshift to load new files into Amazon Redshift.

C.  

Use AWS Glue job bookmarks to extract, transform, and load (ETL) load new files into Amazon Redshift.

D.  

Use S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function that loads new files into Amazon Redshift.

Discussion 0
Questions 79

A company uses Amazon Redshift for its data warehouse. A data engineer must query a table named orders.complete_orders_history, which contains 100 columns. The query must return all columns except columns named company_id and unique_system_id.

Which Amazon Redshift SQL statement will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

SELECT * EXCLUDE company_id, unique_system_idFROM orders.complete_orders_history;

B.  

SELECT * NOT IN company_id, unique_system_idFROM orders.complete_orders_history;

C.  

SELECT * EXCEPT company_id, unique_system_idFROM orders.complete_orders_history;

D.  

SELECT * TRUNCATE company_id, unique_system_idFROM orders.complete_orders_history;

Discussion 0
Questions 80

A data engineer is using an Apache Iceberg framework to build a data lake that contains 100 TB of data. The data engineer wants to run AWS Glue Apache Spark Jobs that use the Iceberg framework.

What combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.  

Create a key named -conf for an AWS Glue job. Set Iceberg as a value for the --datalake-formats job parameter.

B.  

Specify the path to a specific version of Iceberg by using the --extra-Jars job parameter. Set Iceberg as a value for the ~ datalake-formats job parameter.

C.  

Set Iceberg as a value for the -datalake-formats job parameter.

D.  

Set the -enable-auto-scaling parameter to true.

E.  

Add the -job-bookmark-option: job-bookmark-enable parameter to an AWS Glue job.

Discussion 0
Questions 81

A sales company uses AWS Glue ETL to collect, process, and ingest data into an Amazon S3 bucket. The AWS Glue pipeline creates a new file in the S3 bucket every hour. File sizes vary from 200 KB to 300 KB. The company wants to build a sales prediction model by using data from the previous 5 years. The historic data includes 44,000 files.

The company builds a second AWS Glue ETL pipeline by using the smallest worker type. The second pipeline retrieves the historic files from the S3 bucket and processes the files for downstream analysis. The company notices significant performance issues with the second ETL pipeline.

The company needs to improve the performance of the second pipeline.

Which solution will meet this requirement MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Use a larger worker type.

B.  

Increase the number of workers in the AWS Glue ETL jobs.

C.  

Use the AWS Glue DynamicFrame grouping option.

D.  

Enable AWS Glue auto scaling.

Discussion 0
Questions 82

A company stores sensitive transaction data in an Amazon S3 bucket. A data engineer must implement controls to prevent accidental deletions.

Options:

A.  

Enable versioning on the S3 bucket and configure MFA delete.

B.  

Configure an S3 bucket policy rule that denies the creation of S3 delete markers.

C.  

Create an S3 Lifecycle rule that moves deleted files to S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

D.  

Set up AWS Config remediation actions to prevent users from deleting S3 objects.

Discussion 0
Questions 83

A data engineer manages a provisioned Amazon Redshift cluster that stores petabytes of data. The cluster receives continuous data ingestion from multiple sources. As data volume grows, the query performance has degraded. The current table design uses the AUTO distribution style and default sort keys. The data engineer needs to optimize the query performance for recent transactions.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Offload historical data to Amazon S3. Use Amazon Redshift Spectrum to query the data directly. Retain frequently accessed data in Amazon Redshift.

B.  

Decrease the number of nodes of the current node type in the Amazon Redshift cluster.

C.  

Change the data distribution style of the Amazon Redshift tables to ALL for all the tables that contain historical data.

D.  

Switch from columnar storage to row-based storage. Use Amazon Redshift ML for the complex queries.

Discussion 0
Questions 84

A company has a data pipeline that uses an Amazon RDS instance, AWS Glue jobs, and an Amazon S3 bucket. The RDS instance and AWS Glue jobs run in a private subnet of a VPC and in the same security group.

A use ' made a change to the security group that prevents the AWS Glue jobs from connecting to the RDS instance. After the change, the security group contains a single rule that allows inbound SSH traffic from a specific IP address.

The company must resolve the connectivity issue.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

A.  

Add an inbound rule that allows all TCP traffic on all TCP ports. Set the security group as the source.

B.  

Add an inbound rule that allows all TCP traffic on all UDP ports. Set the private IP address of the RDS instance as the source.

C.  

Add an inbound rule that allows all TCP traffic on all TCP ports. Set the DNS name of the RDS instance as the source.

D.  

Replace the source of the existing SSH rule with the private IP address of the RDS instance. Create an outbound rule with the same source, destination, and protocol as the inbound SSH rule.

Discussion 0
Questions 85

A data engineer is optimizing query performance in Amazon Athena notebooks that use Apache Spark to analyze large datasets that are stored in Amazon S3. The data is partitioned. An AWS Glue crawler updates the partitions.

The data engineer wants to minimize the amount of data that is scanned to improve efficiency of Athena queries.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Apply partition filters in the queries.

B.  

Increase the frequency of AWS Glue crawler invocations to update the data catalog more often.

C.  

Organize the data that is in Amazon S3 by using a nested directory structure.

D.  

Configure Spark to use in-memory caching for frequently accessed data.

Discussion 0
Questions 86

A company needs to store and analyze a large amount of IoT sensor data. The company needs to retain the data indefinitely. The company analyzes the data in an Amazon Redshift cluster.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

A.  

Store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket in JSON format. Configure auto-copy data ingestion from the S3 bucket to the Redshift cluster.

B.  

Store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket in Apache Parquet format. Configure query access through Amazon Redshift Spectrum.

C.  

Store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket in JSON format. Configure query access through Amazon Redshift Spectrum.

D.  

Store the data in an Amazon S3 bucket in Apache Parquet format. Configure auto-copy data ingestion from the S3 bucket to the Redshift cluster.

Discussion 0
Questions 87

A healthcare company stores patient records in an on-premises MySQL database. The company creates an application to access the MySQL database. The company must enforce security protocols to protect the patient records. The company currently rotates database credentials every 30 days to minimize the risk of unauthorized access.

The company wants a solution that does not require the company to modify the application code for each credential rotation.

Which solution will meet this requirement with the least operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Assign an IAM role access permissions to the database. Configure the application to obtain temporary credentials through the IAM role.

B.  

Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to generate encryption keys. Configure automatic key rotation. Store the encrypted credentials in an Amazon DynamoDB table.

C.  

Use AWS Secrets Manager to automatically rotate credentials. Allow the application to retrieve the credentials by using API calls.

D.  

Store credentials in an encrypted Amazon S3 bucket. Rotate the credentials every month by using an S3 Lifecycle policy. Use bucket policies to control access.

Discussion 0
Questions 88

A company is planning to upgrade its Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) General Purpose SSD storage from gp2 to gp3. The company wants to prevent any interruptions in its Amazon EC2 instances that will cause data loss during the migration to the upgraded storage.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Create snapshots of the gp2 volumes. Create new gp3 volumes from the snapshots. Attach the new gp3 volumes to the EC2 instances.

B.  

Create new gp3 volumes. Gradually transfer the data to the new gp3 volumes. When the transfer is complete, mount the new gp3 volumes to the EC2 instances to replace the gp2 volumes.

C.  

Change the volume type of the existing gp2 volumes to gp3. Enter new values for volume size, IOPS, and throughput.

D.  

Use AWS DataSync to create new gp3 volumes. Transfer the data from the original gp2 volumes to the new gp3 volumes.

Discussion 0
Questions 89

A company has an application that is deployed on AWS. The application uses Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) with multiple topics. The company’s security team needs to be able to audit all Publish and PublishBatch API actions for all the SNS topics. The company ' s application team and security team must also be able to query the audit data. The company has already established an event data store in AWS CloudTrail Lake to collect all events.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.  

Enable management events for the SNS topics. Create a table in AWS Glue Data Catalog. Query the data by using Amazon Athena.

B.  

Enable management events for the SNS topics. Use CloudTrail Lake to query the audit data.

C.  

Enable data events for the SNS topics. Use CloudTrail Lake to query the audit data.

D.  

Enable data events for the SNS topics. Create a table in AWS Glue Data Catalog. Query the data by using Amazon Athena.

Discussion 0
Questions 90

A data engineer uses the AWS Glue Data Catalog to manage data lake metadata. The data engineer ' s extract, transform, and load (ETL) process creates new partitions in an Amazon S3 data lake throughout the day. The new partitions are not queryable through Amazon Athena until an AWS Glue crawler run finishes each night. The data engineer needs to make new partitions immediately available for querying.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.  

Modify the ETL process to use the AWS Glue CreatePartition API call after creating each new partition in Amazon S3.

B.  

Configure S3 Event Notifications to invoke an AWS Lambda function that copies new partition data to a separate cataloged S3 bucket.

C.  

Use Amazon DynamoDB Streams to track partition changes and update the AWS Glue Data Catalog.

D.  

Use the AWS Glue StartImportLabelsTaskRun API call to synchronize partitions on demand.

Discussion 0