Two parts of the solution for these requirements are Option C and Option E.

Option C is a part of the solution because it defines a policy-based routing action list named route_test, which specifies the next hop IP address as 10.1.1.253 for the matching traffic. This is the new default route that the user wants to use for the subnet 10.2.250.0/24. The interface null parameter indicates that the traffic will be routed to the next hop without using a specific interface1.

Option E is a part of the solution because it applies the policy-based routing action list route_test to the VLAN interface 250, which has an IP address of 10.2.250.1/24. This is the subnet that the user wants to test the new default route for. The apply policy command enables policy-based routing on the interface and associates it with the action list2.

Option A is not a part of the solution because it defines a policy-based routing action list named route_test, but does not specify the next hop IP address as 10.1.1.253, which is the new default route that the user wants to use. Instead, it specifies a next hop IP address of 10.1.1.254, which is different from the requirement.

Option B is not a part of the solution because it defines a policy-based routing action list named route_test, but does not specify any next hop IP address at all, which is necessary for policy-based routing to work. Instead, it specifies an interface null parameter without any IP address, which is invalid.

Option D is not a part of the solution because it applies the policy-based routing action list route_test to the VLAN interface 200, which has an IP address of 10.2.200.1/24. This is not the subnet that the user wants to test the new default route for, but a different subnet that should not be affected by this change.

These are two correct statements regarding OSPFv2 route redistribution for Aruba OS CX switches. Route redistribution is a process that allows routes from one routing protocol or source to be injected into another routing protocol or destination. OSPFv2 is a link-state routing protocol that supports route redistribution from various sources, such as connected, static, BGP, etc. The “redistribute connected” command will redistribute all connected routes for the switch, including local loopback addresses, into OSPFv2. The “redistribute static route-map connected-routes” command will redistribute all static routes that have a matching permit statement in the route map named “connected-routes” into OSPFv2. The other statements are incorrect because they either do not reflect the correct behavior of route redistribution commands or do not exist as valid commands. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-ch02.html https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX/10.04/HTML/5200-6728/bk01-ch03.html

Splitting a larger OSPF area into a number of smaller areas has several advantages for network scalability and performance. Some of these advantages are:

• It increases stability by limiting the impact of topology changes within an area. When a link or router fails in an area, only routers within that area need to run the SPF algorithm and update their routing tables. Routers in other areas are not affected by the change and do not need to recalculate their routes.
• It reduces processing overhead by reducing the size and frequency of link-state advertisements (LSAs). LSAs are packets that contain information about the network topology and are flooded within an area. By dividing a network into smaller areas, each area has fewer LSAs to generate, store, and process, which saves CPU and memory resources on routers.
• It reduces bandwidth consumption by reducing the amount of routing information exchanged between areas. Routers that connect different areas, called area border routers (ABRs), summarize the routing information from one area into a single LSA and advertise it to another area. This reduces the number of LSAs that need to be transmitted across area boundaries and saves network bandwidth.

References: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/open-shortest-path-first-ospf/7039-1.html https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/open-shortest-path-first-ospf/13703-8.html

The correct steps that are part of the Key Management workflow when a wireless device is roaming from AP1 to AP2 are A and D.

A. AP1 will cache the client’s information and send it to the Key Management service. This is true because when a client associates and authenticates with AP1, AP1 will generate a pairwise master key (PMK) for the client and store it in its cache. AP1 will also send the PMK and other client information, such as MAC address, VLAN, and SSID, to the Key Management service, which is a centralized service that runs on Aruba Mobility Controllers (MCs) or Mobility Master (MM) devices1. The Key Management service will use this information to facilitate fast roaming for the client.

D. The Key Management service then generates R1 keys for AP2’s neighbors. This is true because when the Key Management service receives the client information from AP1, it will use the PMK to derive R0 and R1 keys for the client. R0 keys are used to generate R1 keys, which are used to generate pairwise transient keys (PTKs) for encryption. The Key Management service will distribute the R1 keys to AP2 and its neighboring APs, which are determined by AirMatch based on RF proximity2. This way, when the client roams to AP2 or any of its neighbors, it can skip the 802.1X authentication and use the R1 key to quickly generate a PTK with the new AP3.

B. The Key Management service receives from AirMatch a list of all AP2’s neighbors. This is false because the Key Management service does not receive this information from AirMatch directly. AirMatch is a feature that runs on MCs or MM devices and optimizes the RF performance of Aruba devices by using machine learning algorithms. AirMatch periodically sends neighbor reports to all APs, which contain information about their nearby APs based on signal strength and interference. The APs then send these reports to the Key Management service, which uses them to determine which APs should receive R1 keys for a given client2.

C. The Key Management service receives a list of all AP1 s neighbors from AirMatch. This is false for the same reason as B. The Key Management service does not receive this information from AirMatch directly, but from the APs that send their neighbor reports.

E. A client associates and authenticates with the AP2 after roaming from AP1. This is false because a client does not need to authenticate with AP2 after roaming from AP1 if it has already authenticated with AP1 and received R1 keys from the Key Management service. The client only needs to associate with AP2 and perform a four-way handshake using the R1 key to generate a PTK for encryption3. This is called fast roaming or 802.11r roaming, and it reduces the latency and disruption caused by full authentication.

1: ArubaOS 8.7 User Guide 2: ArubaOS 8.7 User Guide 3: ArubaOS 8.7 User Guide : ArubaOS 8.7 User Guide

Client Insights matches with Built in , AI powered client visibility and fingerprinting capability that leverages infrastructure telemetry and ML based classification models to eliminate network bling spots

Client Insights is a solution component of NetConductor that provides built-in, AI-powered client visibility and fingerprinting capability that leverages infrastructure telemetry and ML-based classification models to eliminate network blind spots. Client Insights uses machine learning to automatically detect, identify, and classify devices on the network, such as IoT devices, BYOD devices, or rogue devices. Client Insights also provides behavioral analytics and anomaly detection to monitor device performance and security posture. Client Insights helps network administrators gain visibility into the device landscape, enforce granular access policies, and troubleshoot issues faster. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/products/network-management-operations/central/netconductor/ https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/wp/WP_NetConductor.pdf

Cloud Auth matches with Enables fictionless onboarding of end users and client devices either through MAC address-based authentication or through integrations with common cloud identity stores

Cloud Auth is a solution component of NetConductor that enables frictionless onboarding of end users and client devices either through MAC address-based authentication or through integrations with common cloud identity stores. Cloud Auth is a cloud-native network access control (NAC) solution that is delivered via Aruba Central. Cloud Auth allows network administrators to define user and device groups, assign roles and policies, and enforce access control across wired and wireless networks. Cloud Auth supports MAC authentication for devices that do not support 802.1X, as well as integrations with cloud identity providers such as Azure AD, Google Workspace, Okta, etc. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/products/network-management-operations/central/netconductor/ https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/wp/WP_NetConductor.pdf

The Fabric Wizard matches with Simplifies the creation of the overlays using an intuitive graphical user interface and automatic generation of configuration instructions that are pushed to switches and gateways

The Fabric Wizard is a solution component of NetConductor that simplifies the creation of the overlays using an intuitive graphical user interface and automatic generation of configuration instructions that are pushed to switches and gateways. The Fabric Wizard is a tool that allows network administrators to design, deploy, and manage overlay networks using VXLAN and EVPN protocols. The Fabric Wizard provides a graphical representation of the network topology, devices, and links, and allows users to drag and drop virtual components such as VRFs, VLANs, and subnets. The Fabric Wizard also generates the configuration commands for each device based on the user input and pushes them to the switches and gateways via Aruba Central. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/products/network-management-operations/central/netconductor/ https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/wp/WP_NetConductor.pdf

Policy Manager matches with Defines user and device groups and creates the associated traffic routing and access enforcement rules for the physical network

Policy Manager is a solution component of NetConductor that defines user and device groups and creates the associated traffic routing and access enforcement rules for the physical network. Policy Manager is a tool that allows network administrators to create and manage network policies based on user and device identities, roles, and contexts. Policy Manager uses Group Policy Identifier (GPID) to carry policy information in traffic for in-line enforcement. Policy Manager also integrates with Cloud Auth, ClearPass, or third-party solutions to provide flexible network access control. References: https://www.arubanetworks.com/products/network-management-operations/central/netconductor/ https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/wp/WP_NetConductor.pdf

The correct answers are A and D.

According to the web search results, VSX LAG is a feature that allows multiple PSKs to be used on a single SSID, providing device-specific or group-specific passphrases for enhanced security and deployment flexibility for headless IoT devices1. VSX LAGs span both aggregation switches and appear as one device to partner downstream or upstream devices or both when forming a LAG with the VSX pair2.

One of the statements that is true about VSX LAG is that the total number of configured links may not exceed 8 for the pair or 4 per switch1. This means that a VSX LAG across a downstream switch can have at most a total of eight member links, and a switch can have a maximum of four member links. When creating a VSX LAG, it is recommended to select an equal number of member links in each segment for load balancing1.

Another statement that is true about VSX LAG is that outgoing traffic is preferentially switched to local members of the LAG2. This means that when active forwarding and active gateway are enabled, north-south and south-north traffic bypasses the ISL link and uses the local ports on the switch. This optimizes the traffic path and reduces the load on the ISL link2.

The other statements are false or not relevant for VSX LAG. Outgoing traffic is not switched to a port based on a hashing algorithm, which may be either switch in the pair. This is a characteristic of MLAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation), which is a different feature from VSX LAG. LAG traffic is not passed over VSX ISL links only while upgrading firmware on the switch pair. This is a scenario that may occur when performing hitless upgrades, which is a feature that allows software updates without impacting network availability. The number of VSX lags that can be configured on all 83xx and 84xx model switches is not 255, but depends on the switch model and firmware version. For example, the AOS-CX 10.04 supports up to 64 VSX lags for 8320 switches and up to 128 VSX lags for 8325 and 8400 switches.

• Class 3 (15.4W): 802.3af
• Class 4 (30W): 802.3at
• Class 6 (60W): 802.3bt
• Class 8 (90W): 802.3bt

• Proves knowledge of the PMK
• Exchanges messages for generating PTK
• Distributes an encrypted GTK to the client
• Sets first initialization vector (IV)