Layer 4 load balancing operates at the transport layer (OSI Layer 4), using TCP/UDP protocols to distribute traffic based on information like IP addresses and port numbers, without inspecting the application-layer content (Layer 7). Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Nginx:Nginx is a versatile web server and reverse proxy that supports both Layer 4 and Layer 7 load balancing. In its Layer 4 mode (e.g., with the stream module), it balances TCP/UDP traffic, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. This is widely used in Huawei’s CloudFabric DCN solutions for traffic distribution.TRUE.

B. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol):PPP is a Layer 2 protocol used for establishing direct connections between two nodes, typically in WAN scenarios (e.g., dial-up or VPNs). It does not perform load balancing at Layer 4 or any layer, as it’s a point-to-point encapsulation protocol.FALSE.

C. LVS (Linux Virtual Server):LVS is a high-performance, open-source load balancing solution integrated into the Linux kernel. It operates at Layer 4, using techniques like NAT, IP tunneling, or direct routing to distribute TCP/UDP traffic across backend servers. It’s a core Layer 4 technology in enterprise DCNs.TRUE.

D. HAProxy:HAProxy is a high-availability load balancer that supports both Layer 4 (TCP mode) and Layer 7 (HTTP mode). In TCP mode, it balances traffic based on Layer 4 attributes, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. It’s commonly deployed in Huawei DCN environments.TRUE.

Thus,A (Nginx), C (LVS), and D (HAProxy)are Layer 4 load balancing technologies. PPP is not.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Load Balancing Section; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Network Traffic Management.

Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution, managed by iMaster NCE-Fabric, provides robust Operations and Maintenance (O&M) capabilities. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Multi-path detection:This is true. CloudFabric supports multi-path detection (e.g., using ECMP) to verify load balancing and path diversity in the network.TRUE.

B. Network connectivity detection, such as IP ping and MAC ping:This is true. Tools like IP ping and MAC ping are supported for troubleshooting connectivity between devices and endpoints.TRUE.

C. Single-path detection:This is false. While multi-path detection is supported, single-path detection is not a distinct O&M function; connectivity checks typically involve multiple paths or end-to-end verification.FALSE.

D. Visualization of entries (MAC/IP) on logical routers and switches:This is true. CloudFabric provides visualization of MAC and IP entries on logical network elements, aiding in network management and troubleshooting.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Dare supported O&M functions.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – O&M Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Network Operations.

The tenant service model in Huawei’s data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric with SDN) organizes resources for multi-tenancy. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. A tenant can apply for independent compute, storage, and network resources:This is true. Tenants in a multi-tenant environment can request isolated compute (VMs), storage (volumes), and network (VLANs/VXLAN VNIs) resources, a core feature of Huawei’s tenant isolation model.TRUE.

B. One logical router is mapped to one VRF:This is true. A Virtual Routing and Forwarding (VRF) instance is associated with a logical router to provide isolated Layer 3 routing for a tenant, a standard practice in Huawei’s network virtualization.TRUE.

C. An EPG can have only one subnet:This is false. An Endpoint Group (EPG) in Huawei’s ACI-like models can span multiple subnets, grouping endpoints (e.g., VMs) based on policies, not limited to a single subnet.FALSE.

D. A subnet supports the access of only one VM:This is false. A subnet can support multiple VMs, as it defines an IP address range for a network segment, not a one-to-one VM mapping.FALSE.

Thus,A and Bare true statements about the tenant service model.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Tenant Model; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Multi-Tenancy.

A hypervisor is a software layer that creates and manages virtual machines (VMs) by abstracting physical resources from the underlying hardware. The question specifies that the hypervisor virtualizes "memory" and "input/output (I/O) resources," and the task is to provide the missing resource acronym in uppercase letters. In virtualization contexts, including Huawei’s FusionCompute or OpenStack with KVM, the primary physical resources virtualized by a hypervisor are:

CPU:The central processing unit (CPU) is virtualized to allocate processing power to VMs, enabling multi-tenancy and workload isolation.

Memory:Virtualized to provide RAM allocation to VMs, abstracted via memory management units (MMUs).

I/O Resources:Input/output resources (e.g., NICs, disks) are virtualized to allow VMs to communicate and store data, often through virtual NICs (vNICs) or virtual disks.

The question lists "memory" and "I/O resources" explicitly, implying the missing resource is CPU, as it completes the standard triad of virtualized resources in hypervisor design. Thus, the answer isCPU.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Virtualization Fundamentals; FusionCompute Architecture Guide.

Microsegmentation in Huawei’s data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric with SDN) divides Endpoint Groups (EPGs) to enforce fine-grained security policies. EPGs group endpoints (e.g., VMs) based on attributes. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Operating system:This is true. The OS type (e.g., Linux, Windows) can be used to segment EPGs, enabling policy enforcement based on OS-specific security needs.TRUE.

B. VM name:This is true. VM names can be used as identifiers for microsegmentation, allowing policies to target specific VMs.TRUE.

C. IP address:This is true. IP addresses are commonly used to define EPG boundaries, especially for network-based segmentation.TRUE.

D. MAC address:This is true. MAC addresses can segment EPGs, particularly for Layer 2-based policies or device-specific isolation.TRUE.

All optionsA, B, C, and Dare valid conditions for microsegmentation to divide EPGs in Huawei’s implementation.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Microsegmentation; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – EPG Configuration.

TheEasy modein Huawei’s iMaster NCE-Fabric simplifies network deployment for basic VXLAN fabrics. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. This mode has low networking requirements:This is true. Easy mode is designed for simple topologies (e.g., small spine-leaf networks) with minimal configuration complexity.TRUE.

B. iMaster NCE-Fabric automatically generates configuration script files:This is true. Easy mode automates script generation based on user inputs, reducing manual effort.TRUE.

C. On iMaster NCE-Fabric, you need to manually create and configure fabric resource pools, managed devices, device groups, device roles, tenants, and VPCs one by one in the Configuration Wizard menu:This is false. Easy mode automates these tasks, minimizing manual configuration compared to advanced modes.FALSE.

D. Layer 2 and Layer 3 basic services in a VPC are orchestrated on the Easy page:This is true. Easy mode supports automated orchestration of L2 (e.g., BDs) and L3 (e.g., gateways) services within a VPC.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Dare true statements about Easy mode.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – iMaster NCE-Fabric Easy Mode; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Deployment Modes.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

A. FTP servers are typically used for file storage.

This is correct. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) servers are indeed a common way to store and share files. They are widely used for basic file storage and transfer needs.  

B. Object storage devices are typically disk arrays.

This is incorrect. Object storage devices are not typically disk arrays in the traditional sense. Object storage is designed for massive amounts of unstructureddata. While they use disks for persistence, they present data as objects with metadata, rather than as blocks or files. Object storage solutions often use distributed systems across many servers, not just a single array.  

C. Block storage applies to databases that require high I/O.

This is correct. Block storage is ideal for applications that demand high I/O performance, such as databases. Block storage provides raw, unformatted data blocks, giving applications direct control and low latency.  

D. Block storage typically applies to remote backup storage.

This is partially true, but not the typical primary use case. While block storagecanbe used for remote backups, it is generally considered less efficient and more expensive than object storage for this purpose. Object storage is better suited for large, unstructured backup datasets. Block storage is better for applications that need fast read/write speeds, such as databases and virtual machines.  

Therefore, the correct answers are A and C.

References to Huawei Data Center Network documents:

Huawei storage product documentation detailing block storage (e.g., OceanStor Dorado), file storage, and object storage (e.g., OceanStor Pacific) characteristics and use cases.  

Huawei white papers on data center storage architectures, which compare and contrast different storage types.  

Huawei HCIP-Storage training materials, which will have very detailed information regarding each of the storage types, and their use cases.

Huawei’s CloudFabric solution provides an SDN-based framework for data center network management, supporting automation across the network lifecycle. Let’s evaluate each phase:

A. Planning and construction:This is true. CloudFabric automates network design, resource allocation, and deployment during the planning and construction phase using tools like iMaster NCE.TRUE.

B. Service provisioning:This is true. Automated service orchestration (e.g., VXLAN tunnel setup, tenant configuration) is a key feature during provisioning.TRUE.

C. O&M and monitoring:This is true. CloudFabric offers real-time monitoring, fault detection, and performance optimization through centralized management.TRUE.

D. Change optimization:This is true. The solution supports automated upgrades, policyadjustments, and optimization based on analytics, covering the change management phase.TRUE.

All phasesA, B, C, and Dare supported by CloudFabric’s full-lifecycle automation.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Automation Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Lifecycle Management.