A.  

Only applies changes but does not remove resources that used to be part of the Desired State.

B.  

That the Desired State is instantaneously applied to the system.

C.  

The Desired State is applied to the system when the current system state diverges from the Desired State.

D.  

When manifests have errors, it will ensure that as much as possible still gets applied.

A.  

Ask team members to manually review each other's configuration files for formatting issues.

B.  

Ignore the formatting issues and focus on the functionality of the configuration files.

C.  

Use a linter tool to automatically check the configuration files for formatting issues.

D.  

Manually review each configuration file to check for any formatting issues.

A.  

Kustomize is a tool for deploying infrastructure resources using Terraform/OpenTofu.

B.  

Kustomize allows you to package and distribute your application as a Helm chart.

C.  

Kustomize helps you create and manage Kubernetes resource manifests by providing a graphical user interface (GUI).

D.  

Kustomize helps you create and manage Kubernetes resource manifests by providing a way to customize them through patching.

A.  

To provide a system for storing temporary state data during GitOps deployments.

B.  

To provide a system for storing mutable versions of Desired State declarations.

C.  

To provide a system for storing the current state of an application.

D.  

To provide a system for storing immutable versions of Desired State declarations.

A.  

Running a script in CI to deploy the application.

B.  

Skipping the deployment process and directly running the application code.

C.  

Manually copying the application code to the production server.

D.  

Committing the deployment configuration to a Git repository or similar State Store.

A.  

By deploying changes from the version control repository by applying them through an automated pipeline when major updates are needed.

B.  

By having an operator continuously monitor and pull changes from the source of truth.

C.  

By maintaining multiple Git repositories for different aspects of your infrastructure and applications.

D.  

By manually triggering deployments and configurations using scripts and commands.

A.  

Terraform/OpenTofu uses a configuration language called CUE, while Ansible uses HCL.

B.  

Terraform/OpenTofu stores the state of each resource, while Ansible works in a fire-and-forget mode.

C.  

Terraform/OpenTofu is imperative in nature, while Ansible is declarative.

D.  

Ansible is written in Golang, while Terraform/OpenTofu is written in Python.

A.  

Use Helm to rollback to a previous release version.

B.  

Create a new version based on a former version so you always "roll forward".

C.  

Overwrite your existing version with the code from your last working version.

D.  

Revert to an older version and force push to the main branch.

A.  

To undo a deployment that introduced a critical bug or caused a system failure.

B.  

To improve performance and optimize resource utilization.

C.  

To create a backup of the current configuration.

D.  

To test a new feature in a controlled environment.

A.  

To determine if a reconciliation is needed and whether a sync should be partial or complete.

B.  

To analyze state-sync logging information and perform a sync.

C.  

To trigger an alert if a change is detected, and log the event to the log aggregation service.

D.  

Feedback loop is not important for reconciliation.

A.  

DevOps and GitOps are interchangeable terms used to describe the same concept and principles.

B.  

GitOps is a set of principles to guide modern DevOps in practice.

C.  

DevOps and GitOps are competing methodologies, and organizations must choose one over the other.

D.  

DevOps and GitOps are two completely separate concepts with no relation to each other.

A.  

To serve as a blueprint to recreate a system for behavioral consistency.

B.  

To store all persistent application data, such as database content.

C.  

For monitoring real-time application performance.

D.  

To track code changes that developers have made.

A.  

ArgoCD

B.  

Flagger

C.  

Flux

D.  

Argo Workflows

A.  

Continue to monitor the issue and proceed with the deployment, as it may not significantly impact the application.

B.  

Raise a ticket with the development team to fix the error in the configuration file.

C.  

Roll back the deployment to the previous working version while investigating the error in the configuration file.

D.  

Make a call to the Kubernetes API with the correction.

A.  

Keptn and Puppet

B.  

Helm and Kustomize

C.  

ArgoCD and Flux

D.  

Jenkins and Tekton

A.  

ArgoCD and Flux cannot be used together as they have conflicting functionalities.

B.  

If you modify their source code, ArgoCD and Flux can only be used together.

C.  

ArgoCD and Flux can be used together, leveraging a drop-in extension for ArgoCD, ensuring that both reconciliation engines do not conflict.

D.  

ArgoCD and Flux cannot be used together as they are designed for different types of deployments.

A.  

The version of Kubernetes and the availability of network resources.

B.  

The size of the cluster and the complexity of the reconciler logic.

C.  

The programming language the applications are written in.

D.  

The location of the state store and the number of replicas.

A.  

Pull-based systems require a constant network connection to receive updates.

B.  

Event-driven systems are less flexible and scalable compared to pull-based systems.

C.  

Pull-based systems are more efficient in handling real-time events.

D.  

When only events trigger reconciliation, the system is more vulnerable to drift caused by other things.