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AE Adult Echocardiography Examination Question and Answers

AE Adult Echocardiography Examination

Last Update Nov 30, 2025
Total Questions : 137

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Questions 1

Which view is most appropriate for measuring right ventricular dimensions?

Options:

A.  

Subcostal four-chamber

B.  

Parasternal short axis at the base

C.  

Apical lateral right ventricular-focused

D.  

Parasternal long axis

Discussion 0
Questions 2

Which type of defect can be seen in this video clip?

Options:

A.  

Coronary artery aneurysm

B.  

Tricuspid regurgitation

C.  

Pseudoaneurysm of the apex

D.  

Ischemic ventricular septal defect

Discussion 0
Questions 3

Which condition is commonly associated with cardiac tamponade?

Options:

A.  

Decreased jugular venous pressure

B.  

Bradycardia

C.  

Hypertension

D.  

Hypotension

Discussion 0
Questions 4

Which of the following conditions will increase in seventy with Valsalva maneuver?

Options:

A.  

Aortic valve stenosis

B.  

Aortic valve regurgitation

C.  

Mitral valve regurgitation

D.  

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

Discussion 0
Questions 5

Which method is useful for obtaining a good quality pulmonary vein spectral Doppler waveform for evaluation of diastolic function?

Options:

A.  

Use of non-imaging transducer

B.  

Use of continuous wave Doppler

C.  

Doppler wall filter settings changed to allow for low frequency signals

D.  

Doppler wall filter settings changed to filter out low frequency signals

Discussion 0
Questions 6

Identify the right pulmonary artery.

Using your mouse, place the cursor on the appropriate region of the image and then left click the mouse button to indicate your selection.

Which mitral regurgitation jet direction is most consistent with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

Options:

A.  

Anterior

B.  

Posterior

C.  

Central

D.  

Medial

Discussion 0
Questions 7

Which finding is most commonly associated with Ebstein anomaly?

Options:

A.  

Ventricular septal defect

B.  

Atrial septal defect

C.  

Pulmonary stenosis

D.  

Tricuspid stenosis

Discussion 0
Questions 8

Which vessel is indicated by the arrow on this video?

Options:

A.  

Right upper pulmonary vein

B.  

Left upper pulmonary vein

C.  

Right pulmonary artery

D.  

Left pulmonary artery

Discussion 0
Questions 9

Which flow abnormality produces a continuous murmur?

Options:

A.  

Aortic regurgitation

B.  

Mitral stenosis

C.  

Muscular ventricular septal defect

D.  

Ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm

Discussion 0
Questions 10

Which is the most likely abnormality represented in these images from a 48-year-old man with shortness of breath?

Options:

A.  

Loeffler syndrome

B.  

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

C.  

Left ventricular noncompaction

D.  

Ischemic cardiomyopathy

Discussion 0
Questions 11

Which finding is associated with partial anomalous venous return?

Options:

A.  

Cleft mitral valve

B.  

Persistent left superior vena cava

C.  

Sinus venosus atrial septal defect

D.  

Perimembranous ventricular septal defect

Discussion 0
Questions 12

Which valvular pathology is illustrated in this left heart pressure tracing?

Options:

A.  

Mitral stenosis

B.  

Aortic stenosis

C.  

Mitral regurgitation

D.  

Aortic regurgitation

Discussion 0
Questions 13

Which abnormality is associated with Marfan syndrome?

Options:

A.  

Aortic annular dilatation

B.  

Coarctation of the aorta

C.  

Parachute mitral valve

D.  

Cleft mitral valve

Discussion 0
Questions 14

What is a normal response to dobutamine stress testing?

Options:

A.  

An increase in left ventricular cavity size and an increase in systolic blood pressure

B.  

An increase in left ventricular cavity size and a decrease in systolic blood pressure

C.  

A decrease in left ventricular cavity size and a decrease in systolic blood pressure

D.  

A decrease in left ventricular cavity size and an increase in systolic blood pressure

Discussion 0
Questions 15

Which method of measuring left atrial size is most recommended and most accurate?

Options:

A.  

3D imaging and volume calculations

B.  

Linear dimension in the anteroposterior plane

C.  

Area by planimetry, indexed to body surface area

D.  

Biplane disk summation, indexed to body surface area

Discussion 0
Questions 16

Which finding is demonstrated in this video?

Options:

A.  

Bioprosthetic valve replacement

B.  

Mechanical valve replacement

C.  

Annuloplasty ring repair

D.  

Native valve with extensive calcification

Discussion 0
Questions 17

Which coronary artery is identified by the arrow on this image?

Options:

A.  

Right

B.  

Left main

C.  

Circumflex

D.  

Left anterior descending

Discussion 0
Questions 18

Which kind of cardiac valve is a heterograft?

Options:

A.  

One that is from a human to another human

B.  

One that is from pericardial tissue

C.  

One that is from one location to another in the same human

D.  

One that is from an animal to a human

Discussion 0
Questions 19

What is indicated by the arrow on this video clip?

Options:

A.  

False tendon

B.  

Moderator band

C.  

Chiari network

D.  

Eustachian valve

Discussion 0
Questions 20

Which unit of measurement is used to quantify tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion?

Options:

A.  

Centimeters

B.  

Centimeters/second

C.  

MiHiliters/minute

D.  

Millimeters of mercury

Discussion 0
Questions 21

Which of the following is commonly evaluated by the sniff maneuver?

Options:

A.  

Left atrial pressure

B.  

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction

C.  

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction

D.  

Right atrial pressure

Discussion 0
Questions 22

Which type of mass is typically attached to the fossa ovalis of the left atrium?

Options:

A.  

Myxoma

B.  

Fibroelastoma

C.  

Sarcoma

D.  

Lipoma

Discussion 0
Questions 23

Which parameter is expected to increase in the presence of cardiac tamponade?

Options:

A.  

Heart rate

B.  

Oxygen saturation

C.  

Systolic blood pressure

D.  

Diastolic blood pressure

Discussion 0
Questions 24

Which color Doppler adjustment would optimize visualization of flow across the interatrial septum?

Options:

A.  

Decreased color gain

B.  

Decreased color scale

C.  

Increased color sector size

D.  

Increased wall filter

Discussion 0
Questions 25

Which of the following does the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure estimate?

Options:

A.  

Left atrial pressure

B.  

Right atrial pressure

C.  

Left ventricular pressure

D.  

Right ventricular pressure

Discussion 0
Questions 26

Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms most commonly rupture into which structure(s)?

Options:

A.  

Pericardial space

B.  

Right heart chambers

C.  

Left atrium

D.  

Coronary sinus

Discussion 0
Questions 27

Which finding occurs initially as the seventy of aortic stenosis progresses?

Options:

A.  

Concentric remodeling

B.  

Concentric hypertrophy

C.  

Eccentric hypertrophy

D.  

Global systolic dysfunction

Discussion 0
Questions 28

The respirometer should be turned on when assessing which possible disease process(es)?

Options:

A.  

Congestive heart failure

B.  

Ischemic cardiomyopathy

C.  

Mitral regurgitation and stenosis

D.  

Pericardial effusion and tamponade

Discussion 0
Questions 29

Which syndrome is associated with pulmonic stenosis?

Options:

A.  

Turner

B.  

Eisenmenger

C.  

Noonan

D.  

Marfan

Discussion 0
Questions 30

Which type of valvular lesion most commonly requires further evaluation with a non-imaging transducer?

Options:

A.  

Aortic stenosis

B.  

Mitral regurgitation

C.  

Tricuspid regurgitation

D.  

Pulmonic stenosis

Discussion 0
Questions 31

When utilizing contrast agents, what should the sonographer keep in mind?

Options:

A.  

Anaphylactoid reactions may occur.

B.  

Contrast agents produce only mild reactions.

C.  

Patients with no history of allergies will not have reactions.

D.  

The contrast-enhanced exam poses no risk to the patient.

Discussion 0
Questions 32

Which parameter is necessary to calculate a 2D left atrial volume index?

Options:

A.  

Age

B.  

Height

C.  

Blood pressure

D.  

Cardiac output

Discussion 0
Questions 33

Which sonographic views allow visualization of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)?

Options:

A.  

Suprasternal notch and basal parasternal short axis

B.  

Basal parasternal short axis and right ventricular inflow tract

C.  

Parasternal long axis and apical long axis

D.  

Parasternal long axis and apical five-chamber

Discussion 0
Questions 34

Which statement is considered true regarding tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)?

Options:

A.  

It is a measure of right ventricular diastolic function.

B.  

It is an indirect measure of left ventricular systolic function.

C.  

It is angle dependent.

D.  

The lower reference value is 13 mm.

Discussion 0
Questions 35

Which is an abnormal response to a stress echocardiogram?

Options:

A.  

Hyperdynamic wall motion

B.  

Increased end-systolic volume

C.  

Increased ejection fraction

D.  

Decreased end-diastolic volume

Discussion 0
Questions 36

The variables necessary to calculate mitral regurgitant (MR) effective orifice area by the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) equation include MR aliasing hemispheric radius, the aliasing velocity, and which other parameter?

Options:

A.  

Mitral annular diameter

B.  

Time velocity integral of pulsed wave at mitral annulus

C.  

Maximum mitral regurgitant velocity

D.  

Left ventricular outflow tract diameter

Discussion 0
Questions 37

Which adjustment will improve the frame rate?

Options:

A.  

Narrow sector width

B.  

Decrease overall gain

C.  

Increase dynamic range

D.  

Increase transducer frequency

Discussion 0
Questions 38

Which condition is most likely suggested by an apically sparing "cherry on top" left ventricular strain pattern?

Options:

A.  

Athlete's heart

B.  

Amyloidosis

C.  

Hypertension

D.  

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Discussion 0
Questions 39

Which coronary artery territory is associated with the wall motion abnormality demonstrated in this video?

Options:

A.  

Right

B.  

Left circumflex

C.  

Left anterior descending

D.  

Posterior descending

Discussion 0
Questions 40

Which view is best used to evaluate a bicuspid aortic valve?

Options:

A.  

Right sternal border

B.  

Apical five-chamber

C.  

Apical long axis

D.  

Parasternal short axis

Discussion 0
Questions 41

When should the left ventricular end-diastohc diameter be measured?

Options:

A.  

Onset of P wave

B.  

Onset of QRS complex

C.  

First frame after aortic valve closure

D.  

First frame after mitral valve closure

Discussion 0