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Nokia Multi Protocol Label Switching Question and Answers

Nokia Multi Protocol Label Switching

Last Update May 12, 2024
Total Questions : 249

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Questions 1

Which of the following are characteristics of ECMP LSPs in LDP? Choose three answers

Options:

A.  

Liberal label retention mode

B.  

T-LDP enabled with peers to which load balancing is desired.

C.  

ECMP enabled in the config>router context.

D.  

Hashing used to select the egress label.

E.  

Export policy applied to advertise multiple labels for a given FEC.

Discussion 0
Questions 2

Which one of the following statements regarding RSVP LSP configuration is true?

Options:

A.  

LSPs must always terminate on a system ID.

B.  

MPLS and RSVP must be enabled on all routers.

C.  

Interfaces must be individually created in RSVP.

D.  

Path definitions must include at least one hop entry.

Discussion 0
Questions 3

Which of the following regarding MPLS Encapsulation is FALSE?

Options:

A.  

The customer's Layer 2 header is preserved at the iLER for Layer 2 services.

B.  

The customer's Layer 2 Header is preserved at the iLER for Layer 3 services.

C.  

The service provider's Layer 2 header is added at the iLER for Layer 2 services.

D.  

The service provider's Layer 2 header is added at the iLER for Layer 3 services.

Discussion 0
Questions 4

What MPLS function should be performed by a router that receives a data packet containing an MPLS label value of 3?

Options:

A.  

A router will never receive a packet containing this label value.

B.  

Request a new label from the peer that provided this label.

C.  

Pop the label.

D.  

PUSH an additional label onto the label stack.

E.  

Signal a new label to the peer that sent the packet.

Discussion 0
Questions 5

Click on the exhibit.

This policy is applied as an LDP export policy. In addition to the FECs learned from its neighbors, which FECs will appear in this router's LIB?

Options:

A.  

All FECs with a prefix of 192.168.1.0/30.

B.  

Local FECs with a prefix of 192.168.1.0/30.

C.  

All FECs excluding 192.168.1.0/30.

D.  

Local FECs excluding 192.168.1.0/30.

Discussion 0
Questions 6

An LSP is configured with a fully loose path and CSPF is not enabled. An LSR receives the first PATH message for this LSP. Which of the following is NOT performed by the LSR?

Options:

A.  

The LSR regenerates and forwards a new PATH message.

B.  

The LSR stores the PATH message in the PS

B.  

C.  

The LSR forwards the PATH message based on the HOP object in the RSB.

D.  

The LSR looks up the PATH message's destination IP address in the FIB.

Discussion 0
Questions 7

Which of the following regarding the MPLS SWAP label operation is TRUE?

Options:

A.  

The inner label will be exchanged with the MPLS outer label.

B.  

The inner label will be exchanged for a new label.

C.  

The outer label will be exchanged for a new label.

D.  

All labels will be exchanged for one new label.

E.  

All labels will be exchanged for an equal number of new labels.

Discussion 0
Questions 8

Click on the exhibit.

Initially, all links have 800Mbps of unreserved bandwidth. All links are of equal costs. Shared explicit reservation style is used. LSP 1 is signaled first with a setup and hold priority of 2. Then, LSP 2 is signaled with setup and hold priority of 5. Both LSPs go from R1 to R5. Which of the following is TRUE?

Options:

A.  

LSP 1 will follow R1-R3-R4-R5. LSP 2 will follow R1-R2-R5.

B.  

LSP1 will follow R1-R2-R5. LSP 2 will follow R1-R3-R4-R5.

C.  

Both LSP 1 and LSP 2 will follow R1-R2-R5.

D.  

Both LSP 1 and LSP 2 will follow R1-R3-R4-R5.

Discussion 0
Questions 9

Which of the following about T-LDP on the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR is FALSE?

Options:

A.  

T-LDP is used to provide an end-to-end session between two PE routers.

B.  

T-LDP is used to signal service labels for Layer 2 services.

C.  

T-LDP is used to establish transport tunnels for Layer 2 services.

D.  

T-LDP is used in LDP over RSVP solution.

Discussion 0
Questions 10

Click on the exhibit.

The link between routers R4 and R6 are configured with an admin group "red". What happens when the LSP is first signaled?

Options:

A.  

The LSP will go through the path R1-R2-R4-R6.

B.  

The LSP will go through the path R1-R3-R5-R6.

C.  

The LSP is down because router R1 detects that no path can meet its constraints.

D.  

The LSP is down because router R4 detects that no path can meet its constraints.

Discussion 0
Questions 11

Which of the following about CAC is FALSE?

Options:

A.  

CAC is used when the LSP path has not been computed by CSPF.

B.  

CAC is used when the LSP path has been computed by CSPF.

C.  

CAC is used to perform a bandwidth check on each egress interface of the downstream router.

D.  

CAC is used to perform a bandwidth check based on the router's LSDB.

Discussion 0
Questions 12

A targeted-LDP session may exist between directly connected or non-directly connected devices

Options:

A.  

TRUE

B.  

FALSE

Discussion 0
Questions 13

Which of the following are characteristics of an LSP? (Choose two)

Options:

A.  

It is unidirectional.

B.  

It is bidirectional.

C.  

It must always have a secondary path.

D.  

It provides a specific tunnel for a FEC through the network.

E.  

It always follows the IGP best path.

Discussion 0
Questions 14

Which of the following reservation styles can be used to prevent both the primary and secondary paths from booking resources on a common link?

Options:

A.  

Fixed filter

B.  

Shared explicit

C.  

Standby explicit LSP

D.  

Preemptive filter

E.  

Link capacity filter

Discussion 0
Questions 15

Which of the following is defined by the following statement? All label mappings received from all peer LSRs are saved.

Options:

A.  

Conservative label retention

B.  

Liberal label retention.

C.  

Downstream on demand.

D.  

Downstream unsolicited.

Discussion 0
Questions 16

Which of the following are functions of the MPLS control plane in a router? (Choose two)

Options:

A.  

Label allocation and management.

B.  

Label swapping.

C.  

Pushing a label on an unlabeled packet.

D.  

Label signaling.

E.  

Routing lookups.

Discussion 0
Questions 17

When configuring an LSP for fast reroute one-to-one protection, which of the following statements is true?

Options:

A.  

The LSP can also use facility backup.

B.  

The LSP is limited to node protection.

C.  

You cannot request bandwidth on the protected LSP.

D.  

Node protection can be disabled.

Discussion 0
Questions 18

Which of the following statements regarding LSP path configuration are true? (Choose three)

Options:

A.  

The path must include at least one hop.

B.  

The path may be used multiple times in a single LSP.

C.  

The path may comprise loose hop entries only.

D.  

The path must define the LSP's tail end.

E.  

The path may be used for multiple LSPs.

Discussion 0
Questions 19

What is the significance of receiving a packet with the bottom MPLS label S bit set to 1?

Options:

A.  

It results in forwarding based on the next packet header.

B.  

It indicates that the label is the bottom of the MPLS label stack.

C.  

It indicates that the label is the top of the MPLS label stack.

D.  

Any LSR that receives an S bit set to 1 must discard the packet.

Discussion 0
Questions 20

Click on the exhibit button below.

LSP "toR8-5" requests fast reroute protection on the primary loose path. What could be done to remove the Failure Code shown?

Options:

A.  

CSPF must be enabled at head-end on fast reroute protected loose path LSPs

B.  

Fast reroute must first be enabled on the downstream routers.

C.  

CSPF must be enabled on all downstream loose hop routers.

D.  

Global revertive path optimization must be enabled so the path will be re-optimized around a failed node.

Discussion 0
Questions 21

Which of the following are top level TLV types defined for OSPF-TE? Choose two answers.

Options:

A.  

Router address

B.  

Traffic engineering metric

C.  

Maximum bandwidth

D.  

Link

E.  

Admin Group

Discussion 0
Questions 22

Which one of the following statements regarding the detour object transported in the detour path message is true?

Options:

A.  

The PLR sends it downstream with the RRO.

B.  

The PLR sends it downstream with the ERO.

C.  

It associates all detours with the source PLR.

D.  

The MP sends it upstream with the RESV message.

Discussion 0
Questions 23

Click on the exhibit button below. Assume the following:

- The protected path is R1-R2-R3-R6.

- Fast reroute one-to-one protection is enabled.

If the original LSP already has two labels, and router R2 has failed, how many labels will there be in packets on the detour path?

Options:

A.  

1

B.  

2

C.  

3

D.  

4

Discussion 0
Questions 24

Click on the exhibit.

All links are operationally up initially. When the link between routers R4 and R6 goes down, what will router R1 do?

Options:

A.  

Router R1 will switch traffic to the secondary path immediately.

B.  

Router R1 will discard traffic until a new IGP route to router R6 is re-calculated.

C.  

Router R1 will discard traffic because the secondary path isnot a fully strict path.

D.  

Router R1 will signal the secondary path and switch traffic to it.

Discussion 0
Questions 25

Click on the exhibit.

An LSP traverses the path R1-R2-R3-R6 and facility fast reroute is enabled. If the protected LSP carries one transport label and one service label, how many labels will be on the bypass tunnel if router R2 fails?

Options:

A.  

1

B.  

2

C.  

3

D.  

4

Discussion 0
Questions 26

Which of the following modes are used by RSVP-TE on an Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR?

Options:

A.  

Independent control mode, downstream on demand

B.  

Independent control mode, downstream unsolicited

C.  

Ordered control mode, downstream on demand

D.  

Ordered control mode, downstream unsolicited

Discussion 0
Questions 27

Router R3 signals an LSP, reserving 1Gbps bandwidth on a 10Gbps link. RSVP configuration limits reservable bandwidth to 20 percent on the egress interface. Which of the following statements is true?

Options:

A.  

The egress RSVP interface has 80 percent bandwidth unreserved.

B.  

LSPs can reserve an additional 9.9 Gbps bandwidth on this RSVP interface.

C.  

The head end reserves 100Mbps for the LSP

D.  

The egress RSVP interface has 1 Gbps bandwidth unreserved.

Discussion 0
Questions 28

Click on the exhibit.

An LDP tunnel is established on router R1 towards router R6. The link between routers R2 and R4 goes down. What will happen to the MPLS data traffic to router R6 IMMEDIATELY after the link goes down?

Options:

A.  

MPLS data traffic will be discarded until the IGP finds a new next-hop to router R3.

B.  

MPLS data traffic will be discarded unless the LDP tunnel has a standby secondary path.

C.  

MPLS data traffic will not be discarded because router R1 received labels from both next-hops, routers R2 and R3.

D.  

MPLS data traffic will not be discarded because of fast reroute capability on router R2.

Discussion 0
Questions 29

Click on the exhibit.

Two LSPs traverse the path R1-R2-R3. Both LSPs are configured with facility fast reroute and link protection. When router R1 is the PLR, which router becomes the Merge Point (MP) for this LSP?

Options:

A.  

Router R1

B.  

Router R2

C.  

Router R3

D.  

Router R4

E.  

Router R5

Discussion 0
Questions 30

Which of the following regarding label population is TRUE?

Options:

A.  

Selected labels from the FIB are populated to the LFIB.

B.  

Selected labels from the RIB are populated to the FI

B.  

C.  

Selected labels from the LIB are populated to the FIB.

D.  

Selected labels from the LIB are populated to the LFIB.

Discussion 0
Questions 31

Click on the exhibit.

The partial command output from an Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR is shown. Which of the following about this LSP path is TRUE?

Options:

A.  

R4 (10.10.10.4) has established a link protection tunnel.

B.  

R6 (10.10.10.6) has established a link protection tunnel.

C.  

R2 (10.10.10.2) has established a node protection tunnel.

D.  

R1 (10.10.10.1) has not established a node protection tunnel.

Discussion 0
Questions 32

Which of the following about LDP sessions is TRUE?

Options:

A.  

Frame mode requires multiple sessions between peers.

B.  

The lower transport address initiates the session.

C.  

Established LDP sessions run over a TCP connection.

D.  

An LDP session is established immediately after Init messages are exchanged between peers.

Discussion 0
Questions 33

Which of the following devices inspects the MPLS header in the received packet, and exchanges it for a new MPLS header?

Options:

A.  

iLER

B.  

LER

C.  

LSR

D.  

PE

E.  

eLER

Discussion 0
Questions 34

How does a DMP inform the downstream routers that it has merged detour tunnels?

Options:

A.  

The DMP sends the DMP_Object in each detour's PATH messages.

B.  

The DMP summarizes PATH messages, giving each detour its own MSGJD.

C.  

The DMP identifies itself as the previous hop in each detour's PATH message.

D.  

The DMP sends a single PATH message containing the merged DETOUR_Objects.

Discussion 0
Questions 35

Click on the exhibit.

After the Isp-ping command is executed, which of the following best describe the router's action?

Options:

A.  

MPLS Echo Request packets are sent unlabeled to the prefix 192.10.1.2.

B.  

MPLS Echo Request packets are sent within the LDP tunnel that are signaled for 192.10.1.2.

C.  

MPLS Echo Request packets are sent within the RSVP-TE tunnel that are signaled for 192.10.1.2.

D.  

MPLS Echo Request packets are sent over TCP.

Discussion 0
Questions 36

Which of the following is a characteristic of LDP Hello messages?

Options:

A.  

They are multicast to the All Hosts address.

B.  

They are broadcast to the subnet broadcast address.

C.  

They are multicast to the All Routers address.

D.  

They are broadcast or multicast, depending on the physical media.

Discussion 0
Questions 37

Click on the exhibit.

A fully loose LSP "toR6" is configured. All links have the same cost and all routers are Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SRs. The LSP currently traverses the path R1-R2-R7-R8-R4-R6 and the resignal timer is enabled. Which of the following about this LSP is FALSE?

Options:

A.  

The LSP will switchover to another path if a failure occurs.

B.  

The LSP will switchover to a better path as soon as it is available.

C.  

CSPF must be enabled for this LSP to attempt to find a better path.

D.  

The LSP will switchover to a better path in a MBB fashion.

Discussion 0
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